Development, Feasibility, and Preliminary Effects of a Hybrid-Mode Multicomponent Music Intervention for Women Undergoing Mastectomy.

Background: Music listening interventions have been used to manage preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain in women undergoing breast cancer (BC) using face-to-face mode and music that was relevant to the patients' culture; however, the interventions were not underpinned by any theories.

Objective: To assess the feasibility and preliminary effects of a theory-driven multicomponent music intervention on preoperative and postoperative patient outcomes in African women with BC undergoing mastectomy.

Methods: This study was a multicenter, single-blind randomized controlled trial with qualitative interview.

Core outcomes and factors influencing the experience of care for children with severe acute exacerbations of asthma: a qualitative study.

Objective: To identify the outcomes considered important, and factors influencing the patient experience, for parents and caregivers of children presenting to hospital with a severe acute exacerbation of asthma. This work contributes to the outcome-identification process in developing a core outcome set (COS) for future clinical trials in children with severe acute asthma.

Design: A qualitative study involving semistructured interviews with parents and caregivers of children who presented to hospital with a severe acute exacerbation of asthma.

Inspiratory versus expiratory incentive spirometry: A randomised control trial study protocol.

Background: Respiratory impairments refer to a reduction in pulmonary function, which may adversely affect an individual's health. Incentive spirometry is a technique designed to assist patients in achieving a pre-set airflow volume; the volume is determined from predicted values or baseline measurements. Our study aims to assess the effect of incentive spirometry on respiratory impairments.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric rheumatology practice: an international, cross-sectional survey study.

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected patient care in general. We aimed to analyze the impact of the pandemic on pediatric rheumatology practice.

Methods: An online survey including 22 questions was created by the representatives of the Emerging RheumatoloGists and rEsearchers (EMERGE) group of the Pediatric Rheumatology European Society (PReS) on SurveyMonkey.

Comorbidities in Nigerian patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis has been infrequently reported among African black populations. Recent data have shown increasing reportage. Comorbidities are increasingly recognised as important in the overall morbidity, mortality and response to management.

The African Research Group for Oncology: A decade fostering colorectal cancer research in Nigeria.

The African Research Group for Oncology (ARGO) was formed in 2013 to undertake methodologically rigorous cancer research in Nigeria, and to strengthen cancer research capacity in the country through training and mentorship of physicians, scientists, and other healthcare workers. Here, we describe how ARGO's work in colorectal cancer (CRC) has evolved over the past decade. This includes the consortium's scientific contributions to the understanding of CRC in Nigeria and globally and its research capacity-building program.

A Descriptive Analysis of Febrile Seizure Hospitalizations in Children with Congenital Heart Disease in the United States.

Background: Febrile seizure (FS) is the most common convulsive disorder in children. This study analyzed the national proportion of congenital heart disease (CHD) and hospital resource utilization among children admitted for FSs in the U.S.

Overtreatment of malaria in the Nigerian healthcare setting: prescription practice, rationale and consequences.

Nigeria is one of the countries in the world with the highest burden of malaria, accounting for a quarter of all cases in Africa. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, microscopic examination remains the gold standard for laboratory confirmation of malaria. However, the policy and practice of presumptive treatment of malaria for all febrile illnesses has been widely advocated in sub-Saharan Africa.

A cross-country qualitative analysis of teachers' perceptions of asthma care in sub-Saharan Africa.

Asthma is the most common chronic respiratory disease among school-going adolescents worldwide. However, the burden of severe asthma is highest in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to explore teachers' perceptions of asthma care across six African countries.

Current rates of purchasing of antibiotics without a prescription across sub-Saharan Africa; rationale and potential programmes to reduce inappropriate dispensing and resistance.

Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global concern. Currently, the greatest mortality due to AMR is in Africa. A key driver continues to be high levels of dispensing of antibiotics without a prescription.

A decennial cross-sectional review of assisted reproductive technology in a Tertiary Hospital in Southwest Nigeria.

Background: The World Health Organization recommends that Assisted Reproductive Technology be complementary to other ethically acceptable solutions to infertility. Whereas fertility centres are increasing in number in urban regions of Africa, published reports of their performance are sparse. We present a 10-year review of assisted reproductive technology performed in a public tertiary centre in Lagos, Nigeria.

COVID-19 vaccine uptake and associated factors among adolescents and youths: Findings and implications for future vaccination programmes.

Adolescents and youths are a key part of the population that needs to be protected against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This is because they are more likely to spread the virus to vulnerable individuals. In view of these concerns, this study investigated the uptake of COVID-19 vaccines and associated factors among adolescents and youths attending secondary schools in Zambia.

A Comprehensive Review of Myocardial Bridging: Exploring Diagnostic and Treatment Modalities.

Myocardial bridging (MB) is a congenital coronary artery anomaly involving an overlying myocardium's partial or complete encasement of a coronary artery segment. The obstruction can lead to significant cardiac symptoms, resulting in myocardial ischemia, arrhythmia, and sudden cardiac death. Several approaches, including invasive and non-invasive methods, have been proposed to diagnose and manage MB.

Health-related quality of life among adults newly diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis in Lagos State, Nigeria: a prospective study.

Purpose: Tuberculosis (TB) has far-reaching effects on the social, mental, and emotional well-being of patients and consequently, their health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Few studies in Nigeria have examined changes in quality of life over the course of treatment. changes in (PTB) and factors associated with HRQOL.

Barriers to childhood asthma care in sub-Saharan Africa: a multicountry qualitative study with children and their caregivers.

Objectives: This study identifies barriers and provides recommendations to improve asthma care in children across sub-Saharan Africa, where qualitative data is lacking despite high rates.

Design: One of the aims of our National Institute for Health Research global health research group 'Achieving Control of Asthma in Children in Africa' was to use qualitative thematic analysis of transcribed audio recordings from focus group discussions (FGDs) to describe barriers to achieving good asthma control.

Setting: Schools in Blantyre (Malawi), Lagos (Nigeria), Durban (South Africa), Kampala (Uganda) and Harare (Zimbabwe).

A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study of the Profile of Seminal Fluid Analyses of Men Seeking Fertility Care at Different Hospitals.

Background: Male infertility contributes 40 % of couple infertility. The prevalence of abnormal semen parameters has been on the increase. Age among other factors affects the fertility potential of males.

COVID-19 Infection Prevention and PPE Use: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Maternity Health Care Workers' Perspectives and Practices in a Tertiary Hospital, Nigeria.

Background: Maternity healthcare workers play an important role in curbing maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality rates. They must be supported to protect themselves from the adverse impact of Covid 19 infection. This study assessed the knowledge, attitude and practice of maternity health care workers towards personal protective equipment (PPE) in preventing coronavirus infection.

Risk factors for osteoporosis among postmenopausal women in a Nigerian teaching hospital.

Background: Osteoporosis is a progressive bone disease characterized by a reduction in bone mass and density, leading to bone fragility and an increased risk of sustaining fractures. Several studies have shown that the risk for osteoporosis increases with age and after menopause.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken of 422 postmenopausal women at the Family Medicine Clinic of the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH).

How Do People Living With HIV (PLHIV) and AIDS Feel About the Quality of Care They Received Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic in Lagos, Nigeria?

This study aimed to assess the perception of quality of care among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Lagos, Nigeria, and identify factors influencing their perceptions. The study was a descriptive cross-sectional survey conducted between December 2020 and March 2021 among 578 PLHIVs drawn from various healthcare facilities in Lagos where HIV care and treatment services were provided. Data were collected through pretested questionnaires and analyzed using Stata SE 12.

Advocating for children's surgery within country health plans: lessons from Nigeria and the global stage.

Background: Despite the growing emphasis on provision of quality safe and affordable surgical care in low- and middle-income countries, and the World Health Assembly resolution 68. 15 on strengthening emergency and essential surgical care and anesthesia as components of universal health coverage, a review of published surgical plans of various countries, revealed a lack of emphasis on children's surgery. Due to the peculiarities of the human resource, infrastructure and equipment required for children's surgery, a lack of deliberate actions and policies targeted at strengthening surgical care for children implies that achieving universal health coverage for children may not be a reality in this setting.

Genetic determinants of periosteum-mediated craniofacial bone regeneration: a systematic review.

Background: Periosteum-mediated bone regeneration (PMBR) is a recognized method for mandibular reconstruction. Despite its unpredictable nature and the limited degree to which it is understood, it does not share the concerns of developmental changes to donor and recipient tissues that other treatment options do. The definitive role of the periosteum in bone regeneration in any mammal remains largely unexplored.

MRI scarcity in low- and middle-income countries.

Since the introduction of MRI as a sustainable diagnostic modality, global accessibility to its services has revealed a wide discrepancy between populations-leaving most of the population in LMICs without access to this important imaging modality. Several factors lead to the scarcity of MRI in LMICs; for example, inadequate infrastructure and the absence of a dedicated workforce are key factors in the scarcity observed. RAD-AID has contributed to the advancement of radiology globally by collaborating with our partners to make radiology more accessible for medically underserved communities.

Longitudinal relationship between relative harm perceptions, beliefs about organic and additive-free tobacco, and cigarette brand switching among Natural American Spirit, Camel and Marlboro cigarette smokers.

Introduction: While previous research has examined misperceptions related to Natural American Spirit (NAS), a premium cigarette brand using 'natural'-themed marketing, the longitudinal relationship between NAS-related harm beliefs and switching to NAS has not been established.

Methods: Using data from the PATH study, we modelled the longitudinal relationship between (1) brand switching and subsequent belief that one's own brand might be less harmful than other brands (Waves 1-5); (2) belief that organic and/or additive-free tobacco products are less harmful and subsequent brand switching (Waves 3-5); and (3) belief that some types of cigarettes are less harmful and subsequent brand switching (Waves 3-5) for NAS and two leading comparator brands (Camel and Marlboro).

Results: Among people who did not think their prior brand might be less harmful, switching to NAS or maintaining NAS preference increased the odds of believing one's own brand might be less harmful (aOR 19.

Plasma paraoxonase-1 activity levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Southwest Nigeria: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a high-density lipoprotein (HDL) associated enzyme that has anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, and antioxidant functions. PON1 is noted to be a determinant of resistance to the development of atherosclerosis through hydrolysis of phospholipid and cholesteryl ester hydroperoxides. This study was designed to assess PON1 activity levels among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Southwest Nigeria.

Van Der Woude Syndrome: A Case Series at Chu D' Treichville, Abidjan, Cote D' Ivoire.

Background: Van der Woude syndrome (VWS), characterised mainly by lower lip pits and orofacial cleft (OFC), is the most common syndrome associated with an OFC. It is inherited as an autosomal dominant, high penetrance disorder with variable phenotypic expression and caused by the genetic mutation of the interferon regulatory factor 6 gene (IRF6). This study showcases the syndrome's variable phenotypic expressivity in six cases seen at Chu d' Treichvile, Abidjan, and Cote d'Ivoire.