A Prospective Observational Study Analyzing the Analgesic Efficacy of Caudal Block and Nerve Stimulator-Guided Pudendal Nerve Block in Children Undergoing Hypospadias Repair.

Introduction: Hypospadias repair is a common pediatric surgery. While caudal block (CB) is the most widely used procedure for analgesia, pudendal nerve block (PNB) can be utilized as an alternative. We evaluated the postoperative analgesic efficacy of CB and PNB in children undergoing hypospadias repair.

Procalcitonin for Detecting Culture-Positive Sepsis in Neonates: A Prospective, Multicenter Study.

Introduction: It is unclear if serum procalcitonin (PCT) estimated at sepsis suspicion can help detect culture-positive sepsis in neonates. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of PCT in culture-positive sepsis in neonates.

Methods: This was a prospective study (February 2016 to September 2020) conducted in four level-3 units in India.

SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children with Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome: A Multicentric Study.

A multicenter retrospective study was conducted to assess the clinical spectrum of 30 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)-positive children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Difficult to treat nephrotic syndrome was found to be a high-risk group with a high incidence of acute kidney injury and mortality.

Evaluation of Performance of Detection of Immunoglobulin G and Immunoglobulin M Antibody Against Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2 by a Rapid Kit in a Real-Life Hospital Setting.

Background: Antibody testing is often used for serosurveillance of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and chemiluminescence-based antibody tests are quite sensitive and specific for such serological testing. Rapid antibody tests against different antigens are developed and effectively used for this purpose.

Upper limb arterial pattern: clinical correlation and embryological perspective.

Background: Variations in the upper limb arterial pattern are commonplace and necessitate complete familiarity for successful surgical and interventional procedures. Variance in the vascular tree may involve any part of the axis artery of the upper limb, including the axillary artery and brachial artery or its branches, in the form of radial and ulnar arteries, which eventually supply the hand via anastomosing arches.

Objectives: To study the peculiarities of the arterial pattern of the upper limb and to correlate them with embryological development.

Stillbirths and the COVID-19 pandemic: Looking beyond SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Objective: To study the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak and subsequent lockdown on the incidence, associated causes, and modifiable factors of stillbirth.

Methods: An analytical case-control study was performed comparing stillbirths from March to September 2020 (cases) and March to September 2019 (controls) in a tertiary care center in India. Modifiable factors were observed as level-I, level-II, and level-III delays.

Lateral Approach Versus Combined Lateral and Anteromedial Approach for Surgical Treatment of Terrible Triad of Elbow: A Meta-Analysis.

Objective: To find out which surgical approach, optimize the functional outcomes and reduce the risk of complications in terrible triad of elbow".

Methods: Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar were searched to identify relevant studies, which were included if they were retrospective or prospective in design, involved participants who had terrible triad of elbow (TTIE) that compared lateral approach (LA) with combined lateral and anteromedial approach (CML), and were published in English. Outcomes of interest were functional outcomes, complications, and operative time.

Causes of death in preterm neonates (<33 weeks) born in tertiary care hospitals in India: analysis of three large prospective multicentric cohorts.

Objective: To estimate the direct causes of mortality among preterm neonates <33 weeks' gestation by examining three large multisite, hospital-based datasets in India.

Method: Three prospective hospital-based datasets: the National Neonatal Perinatal Database (NNPD) of India, the Delhi Neonatal Infection Study (DeNIS) cohort, and the Goat Lung Surfactant Extract (GLSE)-Plus cohort were analyzed to study the causes of death among preterm neonates of less than 33 weeks' gestation admitted to the participating tertiary care hospitals in India.

Results: A total of 8024 preterm neonates were admitted in the three cohorts with 2691 deaths.

Unusual Presentation of PMM2-Congenital Disorder of Glycosylation With Isolated Strokelike Episodes in a Young Girl.

Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are multisystemic inherited metabolic disorders with marked phenotypic variability. The most frequent described type is PMM2-CDG (earlier known as CDG Type Ia) which presents either with pure neurologic features or with combined neurologic and systemic features. The classical presentation is characterized by varied combinations of developmental delay, hypotonia, ataxia, dysmorphism, inverted nipples, and abnormal fat distribution.

Association of prothrombotic adipokine (plasminogen activator inhibitor-1) with TSH in metabolic syndrome: a case control study.

Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) involves a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors, including abnormal lipids, insulin resistance and hypertension. The aim of the present study is to investigate associations between thyroid profile and the pro-thrombotic mediator, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), in MetS and identify associated biochemical markers. Materials and methods The present study was a case control study and consisted of 50 diagnosed cases of MetS and 50 healthy volunteers as controls.

Association of Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein (CETP) Gene -629C/A Polymorphism with Angiographically Proven Atherosclerosis.

Association of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) Gene -629C/A Polymorphism with angiographically proven atherosclerosis CETP gene has been linked to CAD risk via its role in HDL and LDL metabolism. There is no agreement of whether CETP is atherogenic or not. Furthermore, various genotypes of CETP gene have been associated with CETP levels and thus with atherosclerosis risk.

The study of association of Vitamin B deficiency in type 2 diabetes mellitus with and without diabetic nephropathy in North Indian Population.

Aim: Diabetic Mellitus is the chronic metabolic disorder associated with various complications of heart, eyes, nerves, kidney etc. Diabetic Nephropathy is one of the leading causes of death in diabetic patient. We hypothesized that decrease Vitamin B levels is associated with Diabetic Nephropathy.

Tracheo-Esophageal Fistula (TEF) in a Newborn Following Maternal Antenatal Exposure to Olanzapine.

There is a dearth of evidence on the safety of the use of antipsychotics during pregnancy. Olanzapine, a pregnancy category C drug, has no unequivocal evidence of harm to the fetus. Against this backdrop, we report the first case of a tracheo-esophageal fistula (TEF) in a newborn following maternal antenatal exposure to olanzapine.

Catatonia - An unusual presenting clinical manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus.

A 24-year-old female presented with catatonia and symptoms suggestive of Depressive Disorder. She also gave history of undocumented low grade irregular fever. The patient was worked up to rule out any organic cause or psychiatric illness.

Hypersensitivity reaction with deferasirox.

Thalassemias comprise a group of hereditary blood disorders. Thalassemia major presents with anemia within the first 2 years of life requiring frequent blood transfusions for sustaining life. Regular blood transfusions lead to iron overload-related complications.

Isolated tuberculosis of scaphoid in the skeletally immature: a rare cause of chronic wrist pain.

The hand and wrist are rare sites for tuberculosis and account for less than 1% of all skeletal tuberculosis. Though rare, tuberculosis of the wrist is a cause of major morbidity. A common feature in the available reports on hand and wrist tuberculosis was a delay in diagnosis causing residual stiffness and pain after treatment.

Assessment of Vitamin D status In Patients of Chronic Low Back Pain of Unknown Etiology.

Low back pain is very disabling and dispiriting because of the physical impediment it causes and its psychological effects. Innumerable factors have been implicated in its etiology. In spite of improvements in diagnostic modalities, a considerable number of such cases fall in the ambiguous zone of unknown etiology or 'idiopathic.

Facility based IMNCI.

India has the world's greatest burden of neonatal and under- five mortality. In 2008, approximately 1.8 million under five children, including 1 million neonates, died.