Sustained Pericarditis Recurrence Risk Reduction With Long-Term Rilonacept.

Background: Rilonacept, a once-weekly interleukin-1 alpha and beta cytokine trap, reduced pericarditis recurrence in the phase 3 study, RHAPSODY (Rilonacept Inhibition of Interleukin-1 Alpha and Beta for Recurrent Pericarditis: A Pivotal Symptomatology and Outcomes Study). The RHAPSODY long-term extension further explored recurrent pericarditis natural history and treatment duration decision-making during 24 additional months of open-label rilonacept treatment.

Methods And Results: Seventy-four patients commenced the long-term extension, with a median (maximum) total rilonacept duration of 22 (35) months.

Risk factors for recurrent acute mastoiditis in pediatric patients: a registry-based cohort study.

Objective: To describe characteristics of pediatric patients with recurrent acute mastoiditis, and to identify risk factors for this condition.

Study Design: A retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Data based on electronic medical records of the largest Health Maintenance Organization in Israel.

The alternative vagal maneuver; converting atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia by a rectal thermometer.

Vagal maneuvers are techniques used to increase parasympathetic tone, particularly useful in the management of hemodynamically stable supraventricular tachycardias. If ineffective, adenosine can be attempted. We present a patient with atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia (AVNRT), who could not effectively perform Valsalva maneuvers and had contraindications for carotid massage and adenosine administration, that converted into sinus rhythm by using a rectal thermometer.

A transcriptomic examination of encased rotifer embryos reveals the developmental trajectory leading to long-term dormancy; are they "animal seeds"?

Background: Organisms from many distinct evolutionary lineages acquired the capacity to enter a dormant state in response to environmental conditions incompatible with maintaining normal life activities. Most studied organisms exhibit seasonal or annual episodes of dormancy, but numerous less studied organisms enter long-term dormancy, lasting decades or even centuries. Intriguingly, many planktonic animals produce encased embryos known as resting eggs or cysts that, like plant seeds, may remain dormant for decades.

The Diagnostic Yield and Implications of Targeted Founder Pathogenic Variant Testing in an Israeli Cohort.

Founder pathogenic variants (PVs) are prevalent in Israel. This study investigated the current practice of offering cancer patients two-step genetic testing, starting with targeted testing for recurring founder PVs, followed, if negative, by next-generation sequencing. A total of 2128 subjects with cancer or a positive family history underwent oncogenetic testing with a panel of 51 recurring PVs at a tertiary medical center in March 2020-January 2023.

Role of Heart Rate Variability in the Association between Myocardial Infarction Severity and Post-Myocardial Infarction Distress.

Objective: Myocardial infarction (MI) results in mental health consequences, including depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The risk and protective factors of such mental consequences are not fully understood. This study examined the relation between MI severity and future mental health consequences and the moderating role of vagal nerve activity.

Evaluation of blood type as a potential risk factor for hemorrhage during vaginal hysterectomy.

Objective: To examine the association between the O blood type and bleeding tendency in patient undergoing vaginal hysterectomy.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study including all women who had undergone vaginal hysterectomy at our institution between January 2015 and September 2020. All women underwent blood type and complete blood count testing pre- and post-operatively.

Facet joint involvement in the inflammatory rheumatic disease.

Background: The involvement of facet joints (FJ) in patients with inflammatory rheumatic disorders remains underexplored. This review aims to look at FJ disease from a rheumatologist's perspective, with the emphasis given to the clinical presentations and patterns of FJ engagement in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and crystal-related arthropathies, and discussion of challenges in studying FJ in rheumatic disease.

Methods: A systematic PubMed search using the pertinent keywords was performed, relevant articles extracted, and the acquired data critically assessed, interpreted, and organized according to the authors' experience and judgment.

Xylitol nasal spray for prevention of recurrent acute otitis media in children: A prospective two-center cohort study.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness and safety of xylitol nasal spray as a prophylactic treatment for children with recurrent acute otitis media (AOM).

Methods: This is a prospective pilot study of children aged 1-4 years, diagnosed with recurrent AOM (at least three episodes in the three months before recruitment) between December 1, 2019 and January 31, 2023. Children were treated with nasal xylitol spray 2-3 times daily for 3 months.

The effect of subsequent pregnancy and childbirth on stress urinary incontinence recurrence following midurethral sling procedure: a meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the risk of stress urinary incontinence recurrence and reoperation after a midurethral sling procedure in women with subsequent childbirth and to assess the effect of delivery mode on this risk.

Data Sources: An electronic database search was performed using MEDLINE with the OvidSP interface and PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library up to September 20, 2023.

Study Eligibility Criteria: This study included experimental and nonexperimental studies, composed of randomized controlled and observational (case-control, cohort, and cross-sectional) studies assessing the risk factors for stress urinary incontinence recurrence and reoperation after childbirth in women who had previously undergone a midurethral sling procedure for stress urinary incontinence.

Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Risk of Cardiovascular Events and Mortality in Middle Age Patients without Known Cardiovascular Disease.

Background: Low cardiorespiratory fitness is an established risk predictor for chronic non-communicable diseases. We aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of fitness level on the risk of major adverse cardiac events (MACE, the composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, or all-cause death), in a contemporary cohort of middle-aged subjects without cardiovascular disease.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of patients aged 40-60 years without a history of cardiovascular disease.

Lung cancer is associated with acute ongoing cerebral ischemia: A population-based study.

Background And Objectives: Cerebral microinfarcts (CMIs) are the most common type of brain ischemia; however, they are extremely rare in the general population. CMIs can be detected by magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging (MRI-DWI) only for a very short period of approximately 2 weeks after their formation and are associated with an increased stroke risk and cognitive impairment. We aimed to examine CMI detection rate in patients with lung cancer (LC), which is strongly associated with ischemic stroke risk relative to other cancer types.

Attitude of BRCA1/2 mutation carriers towards surgical risk reduction for breast, ovarian and uterine cancer: still much to be done.

Objective: To study and quantify the attitude of BRCA1/2 mutation carriers towards surgical risk reduction procedures.

Methods: This cross-sectional national study was conducted by distribution of an anonymous questionnaire on social media platforms and to BRCA1/2 carriers' medical clinic.

Results: 530 BRCA1/2 mutation carriers answered the survey.