Associations Between Stroke Type, Ischemic Stroke Subtypes, and Post-Stroke Cognitive Trajectories.

Background: It is unclear how post-stroke cognitive trajectories differ by stroke type and ischemic stroke subtype. We studied associations between stroke types (ischemic, hemorrhagic), ischemic stroke subtypes (cardioembolic, large artery atherosclerotic, lacunar/small vessel, cryptogenic/other determined etiology), and post-stroke cognitive decline.

Methods: This pooled cohort analysis from four US cohort studies (1971-2019) identified 1,143 dementia-free individuals with acute stroke during follow-up: 1,061 (92.

Cerebral microbleeds is a predictor of recurrent small vessel cerebrovascular disease: Evaluation based on the recurrent stroke pattern.

Objectives: An increased number of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) is considered a predictive factor for recurrent small vessel cerebrovascular diseases, including lacunar infarction and non-lobar intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). However, it is unclear which recurrent stroke pattern is mainly reflected in the number of CMBs.

Materials And Methods: This study enrolled 217 patients with their first stroke (148 deep lacunar infarctions and 69 non-lobar ICHs), between January 2009 and March 2015.

No causal link between herpes zoster and ischemic stroke: evidence from Mendelian randomization study.

Objective: The association between herpes zoster (HZ) and stroke has been the subject of much previous research. Nevertheless, the connection remains ambiguous. A two-sample Mendelian randomisation study was conducted to explore the potential causal link between HZ and ischaemic stroke, including its subtypes.

Differential blood-based biomarkers of subcortical and deep brain small vessel disease.

Background: Cerebral small vessel disease is the most common cause of lacunar strokes (LS). Understanding LS pathogenesis is vital for predicting disease severity, prognosis, and developing therapies.

Objectives: To research molecular profiles that differentiate LS in deep brain structures from those in subcortical white matter.

Effect of the Blood Pressure and Antihypertensive Drugs on Cerebral Small Vessel Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Previous studies yielded conflicting results about the influence of blood pressure (BP) and antihypertensive treatment on cerebral small vessel disease. Here, we conducted a Mendelian randomization study to investigate the effect of BP and antihypertensive drugs on cerebral small vessel disease.

Methods: We extracted single-nucleotide polymorphisms for systolic BP and diastolic BP from a genome-wide association study (N=757 601) and screened single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with calcium channel blockers, thiazides, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, and β-blockers from public resources as instrumental variables.

Factors affecting improvement after intravenous administration of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) among patients with acute ischemic stroke: A historical cohort study.

Background: One of the most effective treatments for patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) which can minimize mortality and morbidities. In this historical cohort study, we investigate the factors affecting clinical outcomes after IV thrombolysis for AIS.

Methods: We included 87 patients with acute ischemic stroke who were treated with rtPA between 2015 and 2019.

Recurrent cerebrovascular events after recent small subcortical infarction.

Background: Recent small subcortical infarcts (RSSI) are the neuroimaging hallmark feature of small vessel disease (SVD)-related acute lacunar stroke. Long-term data on recurrent cerebrovascular events including their aetiology after RSSI are scarce.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study included all consecutive ischaemic stroke patients with an MRI-confirmed RSSI (in the supply area of a small single brain artery) at University Hospital Graz between 2008 and 2013.

Differential risk factor profile and neuroimaging markers of small vessel disease between lacunar ischemic stroke and deep intracerebral hemorrhage.

Background: Lacunar ischemic stroke (LIS) and deep intracerebral hemorrhage (dICH) are two stroke phenotypes of deep perforator arteriopathy. It is unclear what factors predispose individuals with deep perforator arteriopathy to either ischemic or hemorrhagic events.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate risk factors and neuroimaging features of small vessel disease (SVD) associated with LIS dICH in a cross-sectional study.

Neurological emergencies masquerading as psychiatric disturbances detected by neuroimaging in individuals with pre-existing mental illness: A case series.

Certain clinical features, like changes in presentation, the presence of neurological signs, and a poor response to treatment, mandate an organic evaluation of psychiatric illnesses. In this case series, four cases with established mental illnesses who presented with psychiatric symptoms, on evaluation by neuroimaging, were found to have neurological disorders like neurocysticercosis, sub-arachnoid hemorrhage, sub-dural hemorrhage, and lacunar infarction. They were managed with a combination of medical and surgical treatment and psychotropics, and no relapse of symptoms was noted at follow-up.

Bilateral hypogeusia and food aversion due to lacunar infarct in the right dorsomedial pontine tegmentum.

A 70-year-old right-handed housewife suffered an acute loss of taste, an unpleasant change in the taste of foods and liquids, and a strong aversion to all kinds of food due to a small lacune in the right dorsomedial pontine tegmentum. Eating became so unpleasant that she lost 7 kg in three weeks. Olfaction and the sensibility of the tongue were spared.

Clinicoradiological features of cerebral microbleeds diagnosed on magnetic resonance neuroimaging.

Objectives: Cerebral microbleeds (MBs) are recently described entity on magnetic resonance (MR) neuroimaging and are considered one of the markers of small vessel disease. We aimed to study the clinicoradiological features of cerebral MBs that were diagnosed in MR neuroimaging.

Materials And Methods: We studied 109 South Indian patients, who presented to a tertiary care institution for MR neuroimaging with cerebral MBs as diagnosed on MR neuroimaging based on either the gradient T2* imaging or susceptibility-weighted imaging.

Impact of long-term white matter hyperintensity changes on mobility and dexterity.

White matter hyperintensities (WMH), a common feature of cerebral small vessel disease, are related to worse clinical outcomes after stroke. We assessed the impact of white matter hyperintensity changes over 1 year after minor stroke on change in mobility and dexterity, including differences between the dominant and non-dominant hands and objective in-person assessment versus patient-reported experience. We recruited participants with lacunar or minor cortical ischaemic stroke, performed medical and cognitive assessments and brain MRI at presentation and at 1 year.

The possible causal relationship between COVID-19 and imaging markers of cerebral small vessel disease: a Mendelian randomization study.

Objectives: Observational studies have suggested that SARS-CoV-2 infection may increase the burden of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). This study aims to explore the causal correlation between COVID-19 and the imaging markers of CSVD using Mendelian randomization (MR) methods.

Methods: Summary-level genome-wide association study (GWAS) statistics for COVID-19 susceptibility, hospitalization, and severity were utilized as proxies for exposure.

Validation of a simple clinical tool for screening of acute lacunar stroke-A substudy of the WAKE-UP trial.

Introduction: Lacunar stroke represents around a quarter of all ischemic strokes; however, their identification with computed tomography in the hyperacute setting is challenging. We aimed to validate a clinical score to identify lacunar stroke in the acute setting, independently, with data from the WAKE-UP trial using magnetic resonance imaging.

Methods: We analyzed data from the WAKE-UP trial and extracted Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project (OCSP) classification.

Symptomatic Non-stenotic Atherosclerotic Disease in Small Subcortical Infarcts: A North American Pilot Study.

Recent small subcortical infarcts (SSI) are a common radiographic predecessor to lacunar stroke. SSI is comprised of several pathophysiologic processes such as branch atherosclerotic disease (BAD) and lipohyalinosis, both of which have differing outcomes and natural history. Presently, there is not a proven method to determine whether a SSI is due to BAD or lipohyalinosis in non-stenotic vessels.