3,803 results match your criteria: "Lacunar Stroke"
Mendelian Randomization Analysis to Assess Whether Magnetic Resonance Imaging Signs of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Can Cause Cognitive Decline and Dementia.
J Prev Alzheimers Dis
October 2024
Yanming Xu, Sichuan University West China Hospital, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China,
Article Synopsis
- The study tested whether certain neuroimaging signs of cerebral small vessel disease could lead to cognitive decline and dementia using Mendelian randomization methods.
- Results indicated that lacunar stroke is linked to cognitive decline, and a high burden of white matter hyperintensities increases the risk of dementia specifically related to Parkinson's disease.
- The findings emphasize the need for more research on how cerebral small vessel disease impacts cognitive health.
Clinical Features, Management, and Recurrence of Acute Ischemic Stroke Occurring in Patients on Oral Anticoagulant Treatment for Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation: A Real-World Retrospective Study.
Neurologist
November 2024
Internal Medicine II and Stroke Unit, San Giuseppe Hospital, Empoli, Italy.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigated how acute ischemic stroke (AIS) affects patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) who are using oral anticoagulants (OA), specifically comparing direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) and vitamin K antagonists (VKA).
- A total of 169 patients were examined, revealing that those on VKA had higher in-hospital mortality rates and poor outcomes 90 days after the stroke compared to DOAC users.
- The researchers found that switching anticoagulants did not impact stroke recurrence rates, suggesting that further extensive research is needed to optimize treatment for AIS in OA patients.
Monogenic causes of cerebral small vessel disease and stroke.
Handb Clin Neurol
September 2024
Translational Centre for Neurovascular Disorders, Hôpital Lariboisière AP-HP, Paris, France; Paris-Cité University, Inserm U1141 NeuroDiderot, Paris, France.
Article Synopsis
- * Key indicators for genetic screening include early onset of the disease, family history, and a significant presence of cSVD imaging markers despite a low vascular risk profile.
- * Currently, there are several known genes associated with Mendelian cSVDs, but less than 15% of patients with suspected genetic issues have identified pathogenic variants, indicating that more genetic factors are likely yet to be discovered.
Vascular cognitive impairment and dementia: a narrative review.
Dement Neuropsychol
September 2024
Stroke & Cerebrovascular Disease Clinic, Hospital Civil Fray Antonio Alcalde, Neurology Department, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is the second most common cause of cognitive impairment after Alzheimer's disease. The VCI spectrum involves a decline in cognition attributable to vascular pathologies (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSex-Stratified Genome-Wide Association Study in the Spanish Population Identifies a Novel Locus for Lacunar Stroke.
Stroke
October 2024
Stroke Pharmacogenomics and Genetics Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (J.C.-M., E.M., C.G.-F., N.C., M.L., L.L.-C., J.M.M.-C., I.F.-C.).
Background: Ischemic stroke (IS) represents a significant health burden globally, necessitating a better understanding of its genetic underpinnings to improve prevention and treatment strategies. Despite advances in IS genetics, studies focusing on the Spanish population and sex-stratified analyses are lacking.
Methods: A case-control genome-wide association study was conducted with 9081 individuals (3493 IS cases and 5588 healthy controls).
Main features of ischemic stroke in patients with acute immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.
Thromb Res
November 2024
Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Milan, Italy; Università degli Studi di Milano, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Milan, Italy. Electronic address:
Background: Immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP) is a microangiopathy often characterized by acute neurological involvement including ischemic stroke (IS). The characteristics of IS in iTTP remain largely unknown.
Aims: To evaluate the epidemiology, neuroimaging patterns and risk factors of IS in iTTP patients.
Myxomatous cause of multiple intracranial aneurysms and cognitive decline: a case report.
Egypt Heart J
September 2024
Department of Pathology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India.
Article Synopsis
Dysarthria-clumsy hand syndrome and multiple sequential acute limb embolisms as a form of presentation of aortic arch embolism.
Rev Neurol
September 2024
Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Doctor Negrín, Las Palmas de G.C., España.
Introduction: Aortic arch complex atheromatosis is a source of cerebral embolism. A percentage of lacunar infarct could be of embolic etiology, especially due to microemboli of the aortic arch.
Case Report: We present the case of a 63-year-old hypertensive man suffering from dysarthria-clumsy hand syndrome for a right hemispheric minor ischemic stroke.
HTRA1-related cerebral small-vessel disease causes cerebral microbleeds on the brainstem surface.
J Neurol Sci
November 2024
Department of Medicine (Neurology & Rheumatology), Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- Cerebral autosomal recessive arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CARASIL), now known as HTRA1-related cerebral small-vessel disease (CSVD), is caused by genetic variants in the HTRA1 gene, with recent findings indicating it can also affect heterozygotes, although they present unique challenges in detection and diagnosis.
- MRI reviews of four cases in two families showed characteristic white matter lesions and dot-like lesions on T2*WI images, which are similar to findings in one known homozygous case, indicating a potential distinguishing feature of heterozygous HTRA1-CSVD.
- The presence of these dot-like lesions suggests the need for deeper investigation to
Rescue therapy of early neurological deterioration in lacunar stroke.
BMC Neurol
September 2024
Department of Neurology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
Article Synopsis
- Early neurological deterioration (END) is common in patients with acute ischemic stroke, leading to a study comparing the effects of pharmacologically induced hypertension (PIH) with anticoagulation as treatments.
- The study included 147 patients with lacunar stroke experiencing END, with one group receiving PIH and another receiving anticoagulation.
- Results showed that the PIH group had significantly better recovery rates and excellent outcomes compared to the anticoagulation group, while safety outcomes were similar for both treatments.
Correlation of silent brain infarcts and leukoaraiosis in middle-aged ischemic stroke patients: a retrospective study.
Front Neurol
August 2024
Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigates the link between silent brain infarcts (SBI) and leukoaraiosis in middle-aged ischemic stroke patients, finding a significant association between the two conditions in a sample of 50 individuals.
- - Out of the participants, 52% showed signs of leukoaraiosis, with over 65% of those also having SBI, and a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) was noted among the group.
- - The research emphasizes that leukoaraiosis is a critical risk factor for SBI, indicating that enhanced imaging methods can help in diagnosing cerebrovascular conditions related to age and hypertension, though further studies are needed for improved understanding and treatment.
Can Omega-3 prevent the accidence of stroke: a mendelian randomization study.
Hereditas
September 2024
School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
Background: The lipid-lowering effects of Omega-3 fatty acids have been widely reported, yet their impact on ischemic stroke remains controversial. Reports on the protective effects of unsaturated fatty acids, such as Omega-6 and Omega-7, as well as saturated fatty acids in cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension and ischemic stroke, are less frequent.
Objectives: This study aims to identify fatty acids associated with blood pressure and ischemic stroke through Mendelian randomization.
Article Synopsis
- Clinical outcomes after a stroke cannot be predicted solely by clinical factors; instead, assessing changes in brain structure through MRI techniques like DTI and VBM during recovery may provide valuable insights.
- A study with 21 patients evaluated motor deficits and brain changes over 4 months post-stroke, finding significant reductions in white matter integrity and increased cortical thickness in specific brain areas correlated with motor improvement.
- Results suggest that recovery relies more on the integrity of corticospinal tract fibers from the premotor cortex than on alternate motor fiber pathways, highlighting the importance of certain brain regions in rehabilitation success.
Tissue plasminogen activator for acute branch atheromatous disease exhibits transient improvement and worsening.
J Neurol Sci
October 2024
Department of Medicine (Neurology & Rheumatology), Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
Background: Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is an effective treatment for acute ischemic stroke. Although initial improvement is observed when administered for branch atheromatous disease (BAD), some cases subsequently worsen. Clinical data on the characteristics of these patients is lacking, and the benefits of tPA are unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPathogenesis of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease: Role of the Glymphatic System Dysfunction.
Int J Mol Sci
August 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, 271 Cheonbo-ro, Uijeongbu 11765, Republic of Korea.
Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a group of pathologies that affect the cerebral blood vessels. CSVD accounts for 25% of strokes and contributes to 45% of dementia. However, the pathogenesis of CSVD remains unclear, involving a variety of complex mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPsychosocial Health and the Association Between Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Markers With Dementia: The ARIC Study.
Stroke
October 2024
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD (R.F.G., R.C.G.).
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how mid-life social relationships influence the link between cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) markers seen in MRI scans and the risk of developing dementia in older adults.
- Researchers evaluated participants from the ARIC Study, examining their social support and isolation, and then later assessed CSVD measures and dementia cases over time.
- Results indicated that poor social relationships intensified the association between white matter hyperintensity volume and dementia risk, with a notably higher hazard ratio for those with weak social ties compared to those with strong relationships.
Extensive Multilabel Classification of Brain MRI Scans for Infarcts Using the Swin UNETR Architecture in Deep Learning Applications.
Ann Rehabil Med
August 2024
Department of Emergency Medicine, Pohang SeMyeong Christianity Hospital, Pohang, Korea.
Objective: To distinguish infarct location and type with the utmost precision using the advantages of the Swin UNEt TRansformers (Swin UNETR) architecture.
Methods: The research employed a two-phase training approach. In the first phase, the Swin UNETR model was trained using the Ischemic Stroke Lesion Segmentation Challenge (ISLES) 2022 dataset, which included cases of acute and subacute infarcts.
Incident Infarcts in Patients With Stroke and Cerebral Small Vessel Disease: Frequency and Relation to Clinical Outcomes.
Neurology
September 2024
From the Row Fogo Centre for Research into Ageing and the Brain, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, and UK Dementia Research Institute (U.C., C.A.-R., D.J.G., W.H., R.L., M.D.C.V.H., S.J.W., M.S.S., M.T., F.M.C., A.C.C.J., A.K., O.K.L.H., R.B., M.E.B., S.M.M., I.H., D.J., F.N.D., J.M.W.), University of Edinburgh; Division of Neurology (X.L.), Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong; Department of Neurology (Y.C.), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Neurology (J.Z.), Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China; Comprehensive Stroke Center (S.R.), Department of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona and August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Spain; and MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit (O.K.L.H.), School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Article Synopsis
- - The study aimed to investigate how often new brain infarcts occur within a year after a minor stroke and their connections to existing cerebral small vessel disease (SVD), vascular risk factors, and cognitive decline.
- - Researchers followed 229 stroke patients over a year, using MRI scans to find 117 new infarcts in 24.8% of participants, primarily in small subcortical areas rather than cortical areas.
- - The baseline SVD score was found to be the strongest predictor of new infarcts, while cognitive tests at one year showed lower scores correlated with previous cognitive performance and intelligence, indicating a potential decline in cognitive function related to these infarcts.
Causal effect of cerebral small vessel disease on unexplained dizziness: A Mendelian randomization study.
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis
November 2024
Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, No. 601 West Huangpu Avenue, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510630, China. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the relationship between cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) and unexplained dizziness, utilizing Mendelian randomization to determine causal effects.
- Researchers focused on various cSVD-related factors, but found a significant causal link only between white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume and unexplained dizziness.
- Other phenotypes associated with cSVD, like lacunar stroke and cerebral microbleeds, showed no significant causal effects on unexplained dizziness.
The role of the gluteofemoral adipose tissue in cerebrovascular disease risk: evidence from a mendelian randomization and mediation analysis.
medRxiv
August 2024
Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
Objective: To explore causal associations between BMI-independent body fat distribution profiles and cerebrovascular disease risk, and to investigate potential mediators underlying these associations.
Methods: Leveraging data from genome wide association studies of BMI-independent gluteofemoral (GFAT), abdominal subcutaneous (ASAT), and visceral (VAT) adipose tissue volumes in UK Biobank, we selected variants associated with each trait, and performed univariable and multivariable mendelian randomization (MR) analyses on ischemic stroke and subtypes (large artery (LAS), cardioembolic (CES), small vessel (SVS)). We used coronary artery disease (CAD), carotid intima media thickness (cIMT), and an MRI-confirmed lacunar stroke as positive controls.
Improved Dementia Prediction in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Using Deep Learning-Derived Diffusion Scalar Maps From T1.
Stroke
September 2024
Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Stroke Research Group, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (Y.C., D.T., R.L., H.S.M.).
Article Synopsis
- Cerebral small vessel disease is a leading cause of vascular dementia, and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is more effective at detecting white matter damage than traditional MRI methods, though it's less accessible.
- Researchers created a deep learning model to generate synthetic maps of fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) from standard T1 MRI scans, using data from nearly 5,000 participants and additional validation datasets.
- The generated synthetic FA/MD maps closely matched actual brain scans and were nearly as accurate in predicting dementia risk, providing a faster alternative for clinical settings where DTI isn’t available.
Transesophageal echocardiography guidance for percutaneous closure of PFO and a new method to improve the diagnosis and safety during the procedures.
Front Cardiovasc Med
July 2024
Department of Echocardiography, Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen), Fudan University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Article Synopsis
- The study examines the role of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in enhancing the safety and effectiveness of percutaneous patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure procedures for those experiencing right-to-left shunt (RLS) issues.
- A total of 73 patients aged 16 to 70, including various backgrounds such as migraines and cerebral infarctions, were monitored pre- and post-operation using TEE and other echocardiographic methods.
- Results indicate that TEE significantly aids in understanding PFO anatomy and shunt characteristics, improving diagnosis rates and the overall success of the closure procedure.
Cerebrovascular Involvement in Transthyretin Amyloid Cardiomyopathy.
J Clin Med
July 2024
Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Article Synopsis
- Intracardiac thrombosis is frequent in patients with transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM), leading to potential risks like thromboembolic events, but the impact on brain health remains unclear.
- A study involving 32 ATTR-CM patients showed significant findings using cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI), indicating they had more territorial infarcts, microbleeds, and Virchow-Robin spaces compared to matched controls.
- The results suggest that even asymptomatic ATTR-CM patients might benefit from routine cMRI screening and consideration for anticoagulation therapy due to underlying cerebral vessel disease.
Caregiver burden, hopelessness, and anxiety: Association between sociodemographic and clinical profiles of patients with stroke.
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis
November 2024
Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (FMB/UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil.
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the association between the sociodemographic characteristics of caregivers and patients with stroke, clinical data on stroke, and disability with caregiver burden, hopelessness, and anxiety.
Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study included patients with stroke of either sex, aged >18 years. Data were collected between January 2020 and July 2021.
Positive genetic effect of hypertension family history on stroke: A cross Mendelian randomization study.
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis
October 2024
Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China, 310000. Electronic address:
Background: Clinical observational study demonstrated that hypertension is an independent risk factor for stroke. Furthermore, both hypertension and stroke exhibit genetic predispositions. However, the genetic relationship between hypertension and stroke in first-degree relatives remains unclear.
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