Performance of Culture Using a Semi-Automatic Needle as a Novel Tool for Collecting Lymph Node Samples for the Diagnosis of Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis.

Zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis is caused by () and dogs are the main domestic reservoir. This study compared the performance of parasitological tests using semi-automatic needle puncture (SANP) for collecting popliteal lymph node samples with samples collected from the same lymph node by fine needle aspiration puncture (FNAP) and by necropsy for the diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL). Popliteal lymph node samples were collected from 30 CVL-seropositive dogs from an endemic region in Brazil.

Risk factors for brain metastasis in lung cancer: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

Objectives: To conduct an umbrella review to extensively evaluate and summarise the evidence regarding the relationship between risk factors and the occurrence of brain metastasis in lung cancer.

Design: Umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

Data Sources: Four databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane Library) were searched from inception to 10 November 2024.

hnRNPLL regulates MYOF alternative splicing and correlates with early metastasis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a deadly cancer known for its high rate of early metastasis, necessitating the discovery of the underlying mechanisms. Herein, we report that heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L-like (hnRNPLL) expression significantly increases at the invasion forefront in PDAC and is associated with early metastasis and poor prognosis. Our findings revealed that hnRNPLL knockdown resulted in extensive exon skipping (ES) events.

Epidemiological and Oral Public Health Aspects of Dental Pain: A Narrative Review.

The aim of this narrative review is to synthesize and discuss existing evidence on the epidemiological aspects of dental pain, addressing its prevalence, risk factors, population distribution, impact on the quality of life, and implications for public health. Dental pain is a common condition that involves complex mechanisms of pain transmission and perception. Dental pain can be due to various causes, such as caries, pulpitis, periodontitis, dental trauma, and soft tissue conditions (e.

Relationship between glycemic variability and the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation following cardiac Surgery: A retrospective study from MIMIC-IV database.

Aims: This study aimed to explore the association between glycemic variability (GV) and postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) incidence.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we included patients undergoing cardiac surgeries. GV was calculated as the coefficient of variation of blood glucose and categorized into tertiles based on its distribution.

Tea Consumption and Long-Term Mortality in Very Elderly Individuals With or Without Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease: Findings From a Sample of 19664 Chinese.

Background: The association between tea consumption and mortality among very elderly individuals, with or without cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (CCD), including stroke, remains unclear. This study hypothesised that a significant association exists.

Methods: We analysed data from two waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), spanning 1998/2000 to 2018, with a maximum follow-up of 20 years.

Significant differences in knee kinematics of healthy subjects with high and low anterior tibial laxity.

Background: Anterior tibial laxity is considered to be a risk factor for knee injuries, including anterior cruciate ligament ruptures. The anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction also aims to restore anterior tibial laxity. While anterior tibial laxity is considered to be linked to dynamic knee stability, the mechanisms connecting anterior tibial laxity to these stability issues are not fully understood.

Molecular insights into the therapeutic mechanisms of Bushen-Qiangdu-Zhilv decoction for ankylosing spondylitis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic rheumatic immune disease characterized by high disability rates, significantly affecting patients' quality of life. BuShen-QiangDu-ZhiLv Decoction (BQZD), developed by the renowned traditional Chinese medicine practitioner Jiao Shude, has been traditionally used for AS treatment. However, the bioactive components and the precise mechanisms underlying BQZD's therapeutic effects remain largely unexplored.

Gender differences in the association between insulin resistance assessed by estimated glucose disposal rate and the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular deaths in adults without diabetes.

Aim: We intended to examine the relationship between estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) and risks of all-cause and cardiovascular deaths in non-diabetic adults.

Methods: 38,175 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2018) were included, and deaths were identified through the National Death Index.

Results: With a median follow-up of 9.

Platelet-neutrophil aggregate formation induces NLRP3 inflammasome activation in vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia.

Background: Although rare, vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) following adenoviral vector COVID-19 vaccination is a concerning and often severe adverse effect of vaccination. The generation of high antiplatelet factor 4 antibody titers promotes the formation of immune complexes capable of activating platelets and neutrophils through FcγRIIa.

Objectives: Given that platelet-leukocyte aggregate formation and inflammasome activation are common features of thromboinflammatory diseases, we aimed to evaluate if these are also features of VITT.

Amygdalin alleviates psoriasis-like lesions by improving skin barrier function.

Psoriasis is a chronic, relapsing, inflammatory skin disease that is caused by the immune system. Amygdalin possesses immune-modulating and anti-inflammatory effects. To explore the possible effects of amygdalin on psoriasis and its pathogenesis of action, we examined the effects of amygdalin on imiquimod-induced psoriasis, tape-stripping-induced skin barrier disruption, and investigated the potential mechanism of action in vitro.

Unraveling impact and potential mechanisms of baseline pain on efficacy of immunotherapy in lung cancer patients: a retrospective and bioinformatic analysis.

Objective: Pain is a prevalent discomfort symptom associated with cancer, yet the correlations and potential mechanisms between pain and the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy remain uncertain.

Methods: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who received immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the inpatient department of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2021, were retrospectively enrolled. Through cox regression analysis, prognostic factors and independent prognostic factors affecting the efficacy of ICIs were identified, and a nomogram model was constructed.

Senolytic cocktail dasatinib and quercetin attenuates chronic high altitude hypoxia associated bone loss in mice.

Chronic high-altitude hypoxia (CHH) induces irreversible abnormalities in various organisms. Emerging evidence indicates that CHH markedly suppresses bone mass and bone strength. Targeting senescent cells and the consequent senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) with senolytics is a recently developed novel therapy for multiple age-related diseases.

Forecasting cardiovascular disease risk and burden in China from 2020 to 2030: a simulation study based on a nationwide cohort.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a significant public health challenge in China. This study aimed to project the burden of CVD from 2020 to 2030 using a nationwide cohort and to simulate the potential impact of various control measures on morbidity and mortality.

Methods: An agent-based model was employed to simulate annual CVD incidence and mortality from 2021 to 2030.

Standardization and Evaluation of the LAMP Technique for the Diagnosis of Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis in Conjunctival Swab Samples Using DNA Extracted by a Silica Column and Boiling.

The diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) presents a challenge due to a variety of non-specific clinical signs. The available tests have low sensitivity. This study aimed to standardize and evaluate the loop-mediated isothermal amplification technique with K26 target (K26-LAMP) for diagnosis of CVL in conjunctival swab (CS) DNA samples extracted through a silica column commercial kit (SW-kit) and boiling (SW-DB) and to compare sensitivity with conventional PCR (kDNA-cPCR) and quantitative real-time PCR (18S-qPCR).

Engineering a nano-drug delivery system to regulate m6A modification and enhance immunotherapy in gastric cancer.

Cancer cell membrane-derived nanoparticle drug delivery system enables precise drug delivery to tumor tissues and is a new effective way to treat solid tumors. The aim of this study is to develop a safe and effective cancer cell membrane-derived nano-delivery system targeting gastric cancer. We previously reported that EPH receptor A2 (EphA2) is an important target for gastric cancer.

Label-Free Prediction of Tumor Metastatic Potential via Ramanome.

Assessing metastatic potential is crucial for cancer treatment strategies. However, current methods are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and have limited sample accessibility. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the urgent need for rapid and accurate approaches by proposing a Ramanome-based metastasis index (RMI) using machine learning of single-cell Raman spectra to rapidly and accurately assess tumor cell metastatic potential.

Hypofractionated radiotherapy with simultaneous integrated boost for localized prostate cancer patients: effects on immune system and prediction of toxicity.

Background: The other side of radiotherapy (RT), in addition to the cytotoxic effect, is the ability to modulate the immune system in terms of activation or suppression, also depending on the dose and fractionation delivered. This immune RT effect can be detected both locally in the irradiated tumor site and in the peripheral blood. The aim of this study was to assess the consequence of pelvic irradiation on peripheral immune cells and cytokine secretions in localized prostate cancer (PC) patients undergoing pelvic irradiation with a simultaneous moderately hypofractionated prostate/prostate bed boost by Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT).

Fasting-Mimicking Diet Prevents Pancreatic Carcinogenesis via Gut Microbiota and Metabolites.

The incidence of pancreatic cancer has been increasing globally in recent years and dietary is a well-defined factor contributing to its carcinogenesis. In this study, we showed that in a cerulein-induced KC (Pdx1-cre; LSL-Kras G12D/+) mouse model, a fasting-mimicking diet (FMD)─comprising fasting for 3 days followed by 4 days of refeeding, repeated over three 1-week cycles─significantly retards the progression of pancreatic carcinogenesis. FMD treatment altered gut microbiota, notably boosting butyrate-producing bacteria and elevating butyric acid levels in pancreatic tissues.

Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ongericimab: A potential long-acting PCSK9 monoclonal antibody in healthy subjects and patients with hypercholesterolemia: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase Ia and Ib/II studies.

Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) increases plasma low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) by decreasing the expression of the LDL-receptor on hepatic cells. Ongericimab (JS002) is a novel PCSK9 monoclonal antibody that exhibits a long-acting LDL-C lowering effect by exclusively inhibiting PCSK9 in pre-clinical studies. Two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials were conducted to evaluate the safety, tolerability, efficacy, immunogenicity, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic profiles of ongericimab in healthy subjects and patients with hypercholesterolemia.