Exosomal circPTPRK promotes angiogenesis after radiofrequency ablation in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is an effective treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the recurrence rate remains high due to angiogenesis in residual cancer cells. We used thermal stimulation to simulate the post-RFA microenvironment. The expression profile of circRNAs between normal control HCC cell-derived exosomes and exosomes after heat stimulation were analyzed by RNA sequencing.

Targeting Oxidative Phosphorylation with a Novel Thiophene Carboxamide Increases the Efficacy of Imatinib against Leukemic Stem Cells in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia.

Patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) respond to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs); however, CML leukemic stem cells (LSCs) exhibit BCR::ABL kinase-independent growth and are insensitive to TKIs, leading to disease relapse. To prevent this, new therapies targeting CML-LSCs are needed. Rates of mitochondria-mediated oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in CD34CML cells within the primitive CML cell population are higher than those in normal undifferentiated hematopoietic cells; therefore, the inhibition of OXPHOS in CML-LSCs may be a potential cure for CML.

Structure-activity relationships study of -ethylene glycol-comprising alkyl heterocyclic carboxamides against A549 lung cancer cells.

Certain cancer cells depend on oxidative phosphorylation for survival; thus, inhibiting this process may be a promising treatment strategy. This study explored the structure-activity relationships of the mitochondrial inhibitor -ethylene glycol-comprising alkyl thiophene-3-carboxamide . We synthesized and evaluated 13 analogs (-) with different ethylene glycol units, heterocycles and connecting groups for their growth-inhibitory effects on A549 non-small cell lung cancer cells.

Risk of bladder cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective population-based cohort study in Lithuania.

Purpose: The objective of our study was to evaluate bladder cancer risk among Lithuanian type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and the effect of antihyperglycemic therapy on bladder cancer risk.

Methods: We analyzed bladder cancer risk in a cohort of patients who were diagnosed with T2DM between 2001 and 2012 in Lithuania. Bladder cancer risk in four groups of antihyperglycemic medication users (insulin-only, metformin-only, sulfonylurea-only, and pioglitazone ± any other drug) was also assessed.

Desert Hedgehog Down-regulation Mediates Inhibition of Proliferation by γ-Glutamylcyclotransferase Knockdown in Murine Glioblastoma Stem Cells.

Background/aim: Glioblastoma is the most frequent type of adult-onset malignant brain tumor and has a very poor prognosis. Glioblastoma stem cells have been shown to be one of the mechanisms by which glioblastoma acquires therapy resistance. Therefore, there is a need to establish novel therapeutic strategies useful for inhibiting this cell population.

Eosinophils and drugs for eosinophilia are associated with the risk of colorectal cancer: a Mendelian randomization study.

Eosinophils have the potential to exhibit both anti-tumor properties and tumor-promoting effects. However, the impact of eosinophil levels in the bloodstream on tumorigenesis risk remains inadequately explored. Furthermore, investigations regarding the association between drugs regulating eosinophils and cancer risk are currently absent.

LC-MS/MS-based bioanalysis of branched-chain and aromatic amino acids in human serum.

Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and aromatic amino acids (AAAs) were suggested as potential biomarkers in liver disease. This study aimed to develop and validate a simple and rapid LC-MS/MS method to simultaneously measure serum BCAAs and AAAs levels in patients with liver injury, and further establish reference intervals of Chinese healthy adult populations. Samples were prepared by a one-step protein precipitation and analysis time was 4 min per run.

[Huaier triggering mitochondria apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells through oxidative stress].

This study investigates the specific mechanisms of Huaier-induced mitochondrial apoptosis in colorectal cancer. HCT116 and SW480 cells were subjected to Huaier treatment. Cell proliferation and migration capabilities were examined through CCK-8 and scratch experiments, respectively.

Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Melanoma - Earlier is Better?

Neoadjuvant immunotherapy is a promising approach for resectable stage III melanoma. It has shown higher response rates and improved tumor regression compared to adjuvant therapy alone. Neoadjuvant ICIs also demonstrate favorable survival outcomes.

EGCG induces degradation of active folate in serum via HO generation, while L-ascorbic acid effectively reverses this effect.

Empirical studies have indicated that excessive tea consumption may potentially decrease folate levels within the human body. The main active component in green tea, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), significantly reduces the concentration of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) in both solution and serum. However, our findings also demonstrate that the pro-degradation effect of EGCG on 5-MTHF can be reversed by L-ascorbic acid (AA).

Reference interval establishment and correlation research of urine thromboxane metabolites: Unveiling new possibilities in platelet activation.

Background: Thromboxane metabolites could indirectly reflect platelet activation, among which 11-dehydro-thromboxane B (11dhTxB) and 11-dehydro-2, 3-dinor thromboxane B (11dh23dinorTxB) are two stable metabolites that are abundant in urine, and both are closely related to disease progression and drug use. However, most clinical application studies have focused on the single indicator of 11dhTxB. We propose an LC-MS/MS method suitable for routine clinical screening with simultaneous determination of both metabolites and conduct preliminary studies in different populations.

Actuarial Analysis of Survival after Breast Cancer Diagnosis among Lithuanian Females.

Breast cancer is the most common cause of mortality due to cancer for women both in Lithuania and worldwide. The chances of survival after diagnosis differ significantly depending on the stage of disease at the time of diagnosis and other factors. One way to estimate survival is to construct a Kaplan-Meier estimate for each factor value separately.

Harnessing ctDNA in Advanced Melanoma: A Promising Tool for Informed Clinical Decisions.

Cutaneous melanoma, an aggressive malignancy, has undergone significant transformation in clinical management with the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and targeted therapies. Current monitoring methods, such as imaging scans, present limitations, prompting exploration of alternative biomarkers. This review comprehensively explores the role of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in advanced melanoma, covering technical aspects, detection methods, and its prognostic and predictive value.

Suppression of -induced Gliomagenicity in Ts1Cje Mice, a Model of Down Syndrome.

Background/aim: Individuals with Down syndrome (DS), attributed to triplication of human chromosome 21 (Hsa21), exhibit a reduced incidence of solid tumors. However, the prevalence of glioblastoma among individuals with DS remains a contentious issue in epidemiological studies. Therefore, this study examined the gliomagenicity in Ts1Cje mice, a murine model of DS.

Cancer mortality and morbidity among patients with schizophrenia: A hospital-based cohort study, 1992-2020.

Objective: Due to the inconsistency of the evidence about the cancer risk among patients with schizophrenia, the aim of this study was to analyse cancer mortality and morbidity in patients with schizophrenia treated in a single centre in Lithuania during the study period of 1992-2020.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in Vilnius Republican Psychiatric Hospital, the biggest specialised psychiatric hospital in Lithuania, with approximately 5000 hospital admissions annually. The patients' cohort was established by identifying all patients with the diagnosis of schizophrenia (ICD-10 code F20) in the hospital database from 1 January 1992 until 31 December 2017.

Simultaneous determination of human plasma 5 amino acid neurotransmitters using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: Establishment of reference intervals in Chinese adult population and application to patients with schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia is a serious mental disease with unknown etiology that affects approximately 1 % of the population around the world. Altered levels of amino acid neurotransmitters may underlie the physiopathology of schizophrenia (SZ). This study aimed to develop a rapid and robust liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for simultaneous determination of glutamate acid (Glu), aspartic acid (Asp), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine acid (Gly), and Taurine acid (Tau) in patients with schizophrenia plasma and establish reference intervals for Chinese adult populations, and applied to patients with schizophrenia for a preliminary exploration of changes in their plasma levels of five amino acid neurotransmitters.

Amino acids and risk of colon adenocarcinoma: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: The existence of amino acid metabolic reprogramming in tumor cells is well established. However, the potential correlation between blood amino acids and the risk of colon adenocarcinoma remains largely unexplored.

Methods: We utilized Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to examine the association between 20 amino acids in the blood and the risk of colon adenocarcinoma.

Synchronous endometrial and ovarian cancer: A case report.

Background: Synchronous endometrial and ovarian cancer (SEOC) is a rare genital tract tumor. Precise diagnosis is crucial for the disease management since prognosis and overall survival differ substantially between metastatic endometrial cancer (EC) or OC. In this review we present 2 cases of women who were diagnosed with SEOC, and discuss the clinical characteristic of SEOC, diagnostic and molecular profiling issues.

Development of an activity-based chemiluminogenic probe for γ-glutamylcyclotransferase.

While γ-glutamylcyclotransferase (GGCT) has been implicated in cancer-cell proliferation, the role of GGCT enzymatic activity in the regulation of cancer-cell growth remains unclear. Toward further understanding of GGCT , here we report a novel cell-permeable chemiluminogenic probe "MAM-LISA-103" that detects intracellular GGCT activity and apply it to imaging. We first developed a chemiluminogenic probe LISA-103, which simply and sensitively detects the enzymatic activity of recombinant GGCT through chemiluminescence.

Incidence, mortality and survival trends of penile cancer in Lithuania 1998-2017.

Background And Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyse trends in penile cancer incidence, mortality, and relative survival in Lithuania during the period of 1998-2017.

Materials And Methods: The study was based on all cases of penile cancer reported to the Lithuanian Cancer Registry between 1998 and 2017. Age-specific rates standardized rates were calculated, using the direct method (World standard population).

Atezolizumab Retains Cellular Binding to Programmed Death Ligand 1 Following Aerosolization Mesh Nebulizer.

Background/aim: Cytotoxic inhalable drugs were shown to be advantageous in treating malignancies of the respiratory tract. However, these drugs have not always presented a safe profile and were reported to induce local adverse events. Protein-based anticancer drugs, such as immune checkpoint and vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors, do not induce tissue injury, nor do they exhibit vesicant properties upon direct contact with tissues.

Uterine Cavity Lavage Mutation Analysis in Lithuanian Ovarian Cancer Patients.

Background: Type II ovarian cancer (OC) is generally diagnosed at an advanced stage, translating into a poor survival rate. Current screening methods for OC have failed to demonstrate a reduction in mortality. The uterine lavage technique has been used to detect tumor-specific mutations from cells presumably shed from high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC).