Preoperative immunochemotherapy versus chemotherapy as first-line treatment for patients with stage I-IIIB small-cell lung cancer.

Background: To date, there remains a paucity of comparative investigations pertaining to preoperative immunochemotherapy and conventional chemotherapy in the context of limited-stage small-cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC) patients. This study conducted a comprehensive comparative assessment concerning the safety and efficacy profiles of preoperative immunochemotherapy and chemotherapy in individuals diagnosed with stage I-IIIB SCLC.

Methods: This investigation collected 53 consecutive patients diagnosed with LS-SCLC spanning stage I to IIIB who underwent preoperative immunochemotherapy or conventional chemotherapy at our hospital from January 2019 to July 2021.

Emergence and clinical challenges of ST11-K64 carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae: molecular insights and implications for antimicrobial resistance and virulence in Southwest China.

Background: In clinical practice, the emergence of ST11-K64 carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (ST11-K64 CRKP) has become increasingly alarming. Despite this trend, limited research has been conducted to elucidate the clinical and molecular characteristics of these strains.

Objectives: This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the clinical characteristics, antimicrobial resistance patterns, resistance and virulence-associated genes, and molecular epidemiology of ST11-K64 CRKP in Southwest China.

Refining breast cancer genetic risk and biology through multi-ancestry fine-mapping analyses of 192 risk regions.

Genome-wide association studies have identified approximately 200 genetic risk loci for breast cancer, but the causal variants and target genes are mostly unknown. We sought to fine-map all known breast cancer risk loci using genome-wide association study data from 172,737 female breast cancer cases and 242,009 controls of African, Asian and European ancestry. We identified 332 independent association signals for breast cancer risk, including 131 signals not reported previously, and for 50 of them, we narrowed the credible causal variants down to a single variant.

Scabiosa artropurperea var.maritima aqueous extracts improve in vivo fertility parameters and in vitro granulosa cell steroidogenesis in Ewe.

Scabiosa artropurperea, a member of the Dipsacaceae family and Scabiosa genus, is renowned for its medicinal properties. In the present study, we investigated the impact of Scabiosa artropurperea aqueous extract (AES) on the in vivo reproductive functions in Queue Fine de l'Ouest ewes, and on in vitro ovine granulosa cells. Ewes were synchronized for 14 days with intra-vagina progesterone (P4) devices (FGA, 20 mg) and divided into four groups receiving daily oral doses of 0, 1, 2, and 4 mg of AES/kg Live Body Weight (LBW), respectively.

Dual efficacy of tocilizumab in managing PD-1 inhibitors-induced myocardial inflammatory injury and suppressing tumor growth with PD-1 inhibitors: a preclinical study.

The combined use of tocilizumab (TCZ) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in cancer treatment is gaining attention, but preclinical studies are lacking. Our study aims to investigate the synergistic anti-tumor effect of TCZ combined with ICIs and its role in treating immune-related adverse events (irAEs). The clinical significance of high interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression in tumor patients was analyzed from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database.

Viruses and psychiatric disorders: We have not crossed the borderline from hypothesis to proof yet (Review).

Most psychiatric disorders are heterogeneous and are attributed to the synergistic action of a multitude of factors. It is generally accepted that psychiatric disorders are the outcome of interactions between genetic predisposition and environmental perturbations, which involve psychosocial stress, or alterations in the physiological state of the organism. A number of hypotheses have been presented on such environmental influences that may include direct insults such as injury, malnutrition and hostile living conditions, or indirect sequelae following infection from viruses such as influenza, arboviruses, enteroviruses and several herpesviruses, or the differential expression of human endogenous retroviruses.

Targeting the Progression of Lupus-Like Disease in Humanized Mouse Model by Specific Dietary Components.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease with a number of immunological aberrations in the mechanisms of innate and adaptive immune responses. Spontaneous and induced mouse models of the disease have contributed significantly to the advancement in lupus treatments. The involvement of humanized models, engrafted with lupus patients' immune cells, represented the possibility to study the development of SLE.

Dynamic changes in serum albumin and ferritin indicate higher risk of early-onset peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients.

Introduction: The objective of this study is to investigate the dynamic changes in serum albumin and ferritin as potential predictors for early-onset peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis (PDRP) in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD).

Methods: This retrospective study included 215 patients with end-stage renal disease who initiated PD at Huadong Hospital. Patients were followed up to 24 months, during which episodes of PDRP were recorded.

Association between the prognosis and comorbidity of active cancer in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.

Background: Prognosis of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) has improved after the availability of balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) and approved drugs. However, the clinical effects of cancer, which is one of the associated medical conditions of CTEPH, remain unclear. We aimed to investigate prognosis in patients with CTEPH and comorbid cancer.

Immunoassay detection of multiphosphorylated tau proteoforms as cerebrospinal fluid and plasma Alzheimer's disease biomarkers.

Different forms of phosphorylated tau (p-tau) have shown strong potential as Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers in both cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma. We hypothesized that p-tau proteoforms simultaneously phosphorylated at two different sites may have an increased diagnostic value compared with tau phosphorylated at a single site. Here, we developed two immunoassays detecting CSF and plasma tau simultaneously phosphorylated at both T181 and T231 (p-tau181&231) and at T217 and T231 (p-tau217&231).

Coupling metabolomics and exome sequencing reveals graded effects of rare damaging heterozygous variants on gene function and human traits.

Genetic studies of the metabolome can uncover enzymatic and transport processes shaping human metabolism. Using rare variant aggregation testing based on whole-exome sequencing data to detect genes associated with levels of 1,294 plasma and 1,396 urine metabolites, we discovered 235 gene-metabolite associations, many previously unreported. Complementary approaches (genetic, computational (in silico gene knockouts in whole-body models of human metabolism) and one experimental proof of principle) provided orthogonal evidence that studies of rare, damaging variants in the heterozygous state permit inferences concordant with those from inborn errors of metabolism.

Hydroxytyrosol-rich Olive Mill Wastewater, A Potential Protector Against Dyslipidemia, Diabetes and Diabetic Retinopathy in Psammomys obesus.

Olive mill wastewater (OMWW), a byproduct of olive oil extraction, constitutes a natural resource of phenolic compounds. Hydroxytyrosol (HT), the predominant compound, exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. This research aims to evaluate the effect of OMWW bioproduct rich in HT on retinal glial function, glutamate metabolism and synaptic transmission alterations mediated by hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia in high-calorie diet (HCD) induced diabetic retinopathy (DR) in Psammomys obesus.

Prediction of antimicrobial susceptibility of pneumococci based on whole-genome sequencing data: a direct comparison of two genomic tools to conventional antimicrobial susceptibility testing.

Determination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in pneumococcal isolates is important for surveillance purposes and in a clinical context. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) of pneumococci is complicated by the need for exact minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of beta-lactam antibiotics. Two next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis tools have implemented the prediction of AMR in their analysis workflow, including the prediction of MICs: Pathogenwatch (https://pathogen.

RamA upregulates the ATP-binding cassette transporter to mediate resistance to tetracycline-class antibiotics and the stability of membranes in .

Unlabelled: RamA is an intrinsic regulator in , belonging to the AraC family of transcription factors and conferring a multidrug resistance phenotype, especially for tetracycline-class antibiotics. The ATP-binding cassette transporters MlaFEDCB in bacteria play essential roles in functions essential for cell survival and intrinsic resistance to many antibiotics. We found deletion of resulted in a fivefold decrease in the transcriptional levels of the operon.

An Integrated, Portable, and Automatic Digital Detection System for Hepatitis B Virus Using Hybrid Magnetic System.

The rapid, precise, and automated diagnosis of infectious diseases is crucial for effective disease management and control. Herein, the integrated portable and automatic digital detection system (IPADS), a novel diagnostic platform for nucleic acid detection is introduced. The device employs the hybrid magnetic system (HMS), which uses an electromagnet and a movable permanent magnet to modulate the magnetic field and control bead movement, increasing nucleic acid extraction efficiency to over 80%, while simplifying the traditional labor-intensive process and enabling quick, low-risk sample processing.

Effect of composite yeast culture on the jejunal barrier function, inflammatory response, and microbial community structure of laying hens during the late stage of egg production.

During the late laying period, the intestinal barrier of laying hens is susceptible to damage, resulting in enteric infections and even systemic inflammatory responses, posing a major challenge for the poultry industry. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate methods for addressing intestinal inflammation in late laying hens. In order to maximize the production potential of egg laying chickens, farmers usually use various feed additives to prevent damage to the intestinal barrier.

Diagnosis and treatment of Fabry disease. Expert Opinion of the Polish Cardiac Society and the Polish Forum for Fabry Disease.

Fabry disease (FD) belongs to the group of lysosomal storage diseases (LSD), which are characterised by insufficient activity of enzymes responsible for the intra-lysosomal breakdown of various substrates. The result is an uncontrolled accumulation of by-products of cellular metabolism. Lysosomal storage diseases are inherited diseases, transmitted mainly in an autosomal recessive fashion.

hnRNPLL regulates MYOF alternative splicing and correlates with early metastasis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a deadly cancer known for its high rate of early metastasis, necessitating the discovery of the underlying mechanisms. Herein, we report that heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L-like (hnRNPLL) expression significantly increases at the invasion forefront in PDAC and is associated with early metastasis and poor prognosis. Our findings revealed that hnRNPLL knockdown resulted in extensive exon skipping (ES) events.

Epidemiological and Oral Public Health Aspects of Dental Pain: A Narrative Review.

The aim of this narrative review is to synthesize and discuss existing evidence on the epidemiological aspects of dental pain, addressing its prevalence, risk factors, population distribution, impact on the quality of life, and implications for public health. Dental pain is a common condition that involves complex mechanisms of pain transmission and perception. Dental pain can be due to various causes, such as caries, pulpitis, periodontitis, dental trauma, and soft tissue conditions (e.

Associations between health, productive performance and oral fluid biomarkers in commercial pig farms.

Background: Oral fluid contains analytes that may be reflective of health and welfare in pig herds. Additionally, oral fluid collection is a more convenient and cost-effective option when compared to blood sampling, increasing the potential of oral fluid as a non-invasive alternative tool. While a growing number of biomarkers can be measured in porcine oral fluid, the use of these analytes to compare commercial herds in veterinary practice is still limited.

EGFR status assessment using reflex testing targeted next-generation sequencing for resected non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer.

EGFR status assessment is mandatory for adjuvant decision-making of resected stage IB-IIIA non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NS-NSCLC). It is questionable whether single-gene RT-PCR versus next-generation sequencing (NGS) should be used for this evaluation. Moreover, co-occurring mutations have an impact on tumor behavior and may influence future therapeutic decision-making.

Investigating glioma genetics through perfusion MRI: rCBV and rCBF as predictive biomarkers.

Background: Brain tumors exhibit diverse genetic landscapes and hemodynamic properties, influencing diagnosis and treatment outcomes.

Purpose: To explore the relationship between MRI perfusion metrics (rCBV, rCBF), genetic markers, and contrast enhancement patterns in gliomas, aiming to enhance diagnostic accuracy and inform personalized therapeutic strategies. Additionally, other radiological features, such as the T2/FLAIR mismatch sign, are evaluated for their predictive utility in IDH mutations.

Mesoporous polydopamine composite nanoparticles for multimodal therapy based on disrupting the redox homeostasis within tumor cells.

Developing multimodal combination therapy strategies to disrupt the redox homeostasis within tumor cells is currently an important approach in cancer treatment. In this study, we designed and prepared multifunctional composite nanoparticles MPDA-PEG@MnO@2-DG (MPPMD NPs) utilizing mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles (MPDA NPs) as carriers. These carriers were coated with polyethylene glycol (PEG), and manganese dioxide (MnO) and loaded with 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG).