[Three Copt mummies of Antinoe in Lyon].

Three mummies--one of a woman and two of a woman and a child--are nowadays presented in the Museum of Anatomy Testut-Latarjet in Lyon. They have been brought in 1901 from Egypt to the Museum Guimet of Lyon and after a few years, they have been given to Professor Testut and studied by Louis Paul Fisher and Frederique Cantero in a thesis of medicine of Lyon (1991). They have been examined by x-rays non-invasive scanning by Professor Michel Bochut.

Functional morphology of phonation evaluated by dynamic MRI.

The complex anatomy of the larynx is a consequence of its various airway functions. The aim of the present study was to evaluate which anatomical structures of the larynx soft tissues could be defined using MRI, and to investigate the feasibility of using this technique to assess the dynamic functions of the larynx. MRI images of the larynx of six healthy volunteers during speech production were obtained in vivo.

[Some French doctors as writers in the first half of the XXth century].

The author recollects the memory of more than 50 French medical authors of this period. Some of tham are cited in the dictionary le Petit Robert. Many were novelists or literary critics.

The superior epigastric artery does not pass through Larrey's space (trigonum sternocostale).

The passage of the superior epigastric artery (SEA), the terminal branch of the internal thoracic artery (ITA), through the inferior orifice of the thorax differs in different reports. According to some, it passes through Larrey's space (trigonum sternocostale), therefore through a diaphragmatic orifice, but according to others it passes in front of the diaphragm and the transverse abdominal muscle. The aim of this study was to determine the position of the SEA in its thoracoabdominal segment.

[The maxillary sinus: evolution and function in aging].

The maxillary sinus, or Highmore's antrum, is located in the maxillary bone. The maxillary, above the buccal cavity, below the orbital cavity and outside the nasal fossa, is going to take a part in the formation of the three cavities which surround it. Although voluminous, it is consists of a light bone.

[Anatomical basis of motricity for the study of spasticity].

The spinal motoneurone is under the permanent influence of peripheral afferent fibers, interneurons, and numerous descending projections from supraspinal structures. Motoneuronal activity summarizes these different and convergent modulations at one moment. Spasticity corresponds to exageration of monosynpatic reflex, from IA fiber to motoneuron alpha, associated with spinal hyperexitability.

Study of the relationship between the suprascapular artery and the brachial plexus.

The literature concerning the relationship of the suprascapular artery with the brachial plexus is quite limited. The aims of this study were to investigate the different types of relationships between the suprascapular artery and the brachial plexus trunks and to try to clarify their prevalence in the European population. Our study involved the dissection of 100 upper extremities from adults, all of European origin (55 women, 45 men).

[Venous drainage and innervation of the maxillary sinus].

The maxillary sinus, or "Highmore's antrum", is a cavity of the facial structure buried in the body of the maxillary body joined to the nasal fossae with which it communicates via the maxillary ostium. The dissection of 25 maxillary sinuses has enabled us to study its venous drainage and innervation. The venous system is collected either by a single trunk, which is a continuation of the spheno-palatine vein, or by three venous plexus: the anterior and posterior pterygoid plexus, and the alveolar plexus.

Review and evaluation of anatomy sites on the Internet (updated 1999).

In a preceding study, we had reviewed and evaluated the anatomy sites available on the Internet. The evolution of the available sites, the disappearance of certain sites and the appearance of new sites led us to update this list. In addition, the German-speaking sites were included in the study, which previously included only the Anglophone and French-speaking sites.

Prospecting and evaluation of the anatomy sites on the Internet.

The Internet undoubtedly has an important part to play in medical teaching, generally speaking, and particularly in anatomy. We therefore undertook to survey, list, explore and study the various sites written in French or English devoted to anatomy on the Internet in order to evaluate them. Sites were identified from their URL address, by search engine or by hypertext links found in already listed sites.

Gastrocolic vein. Definition and report of two cases of avulsion.

The gastrocolic v. or Henle's gastrocolic trunk was described in 1868 [9]. We suggest defining this vein as the confluence of the right gastroepiploic and right upper colic vv.