International Alliance of Urolithiasis Guideline on Shockwave Lithotripsy.

Different international associations have proposed their own guidelines on urolithiasis. However, the focus is primarily on an overview of the principles of urolithiasis management rather than step-by-step technical details for the procedure. The International Alliance of Urolithiasis (IAU) is releasing a series of guidelines on the management of urolithiasis.

OPTimizing Irradiation through Molecular Assessment of Lymph node (OPTIMAL): a randomized clinical trial.

Background And Purpose: In breast cancer (BC) patients, the involvement of four or more lymph nodes (LN) is an indication of regional irradiation. The optimal treatment strategy remains unclear when fewer nodes are involved and lymphadenectomy is not performed. We designed a clinical trial to show the non-inferiority of Incidental (INC) compared to intentional (INT) irradiation of axillary nodes in patients with early-stage BC and low burden LN involvement.

Urinary Stent Development and Evaluation Models: In Vitro, Ex Vivo and In Vivo-A European Network of Multidisciplinary Research to Improve Urinary Stents (ENIUS) Initiative.

: When trying to modify urinary stents, certain pre-clinical steps have to be followed before clinical evaluation in humans. Usually, the process starts as an in silico assessment. The urinary tract is a highly complex, dynamic and variable environment, which makes a computer simulation closely reflecting physiological conditions extremely challenging.

Direct oral anticoagulants versus vitamin K antagonists in the treatment of left ventricular thrombosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Evidence about the use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in patients with left ventricular thrombosis (LVT) are emerging. The aim of our study was to provide a comprehensive synthesis of the available evidence concerning the clinical effects of DOACs versus vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) in LVT treatment.

Evidence Acquisition: Systematic search of studies evaluating DOACs versus VKAs use in patients with LVT was performed on May 11, 2021.

Self-expandable metal stents versus endoscopic balloon dilation for the treatment of strictures in Crohn's disease (ProtDilat study): an open-label, multicentre, randomised trial.

Background: Endoscopic balloon dilation (EBD) is the established endoscopic treatment for short strictures in Crohn's disease. Fully covered self-expandable metal stents (FCSEMS) have been used for endoscopic treatment of patients for whom EBD was unsuccessful. We aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of the two endoscopic treatments in patients with Crohn's disease with stenosis and compare the mean cost of both treatments.

Definition of competence standards for optical diagnosis of diminutive colorectal polyps: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Position Statement.

BACKGROUND : The European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) has developed a core curriculum for high quality optical diagnosis training for practice across Europe. The development of easy-to-measure competence standards for optical diagnosis can optimize clinical decision-making in endoscopy. This manuscript represents an official Position Statement of the ESGE aiming to define simple, safe, and easy-to-measure competence standards for endoscopists and artificial intelligence systems performing optical diagnosis of diminutive colorectal polyps (1 - 5 mm).

Prevention of late complications with coverage agents in endoscopic resection of colorectal lesions: Current landscape in gastrointestinal endoscopy.

Endoscopic removal of large (≥ 20 mm) non-pedunculated colorectal lesions (LNPCLs) may result in major adverse events, such as delayed bleeding (DB) and delayed perforation (DP), despite closure of the mucosal defects with clips. Topical application of a coverage agent refers to the creation of a shield with a biocompatible medical device (tissue or hydrogel) with proven bioactive properties. Coverage of the eschar after endoscopic resection provides shielding protection to prevent delayed complications.

Less common hemorrhagic coagulopathies in women.

Congenital coagulopathies are a group of hereditary conditions associated with significant hemorrhagic complications. Women with congenital coagulopathies tend to experience higher bleeding rates resulting from physiological processes and pregnancy and delivery. In these women, it is essential to recognize the symptoms and work in a coordinated way between hematologists and gynecologists.

Curriculum for optical diagnosis training in Europe: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Position Statement.

This manuscript represents an official Position Statement of the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) aiming to guide general gastroenterologists to develop and maintain skills in optical diagnosis during endoscopy. In general, this requires additional training beyond the core curriculum currently provided in each country. In this context, ESGE have developed a European core curriculum for optical diagnosis practice across Europe for high quality optical diagnosis training.

Molecular Features of the Serrated Pathway to Colorectal Cancer: Current Knowledge and Future Directions.

Serrated lesions are the precursor lesions of a new model of colorectal carcinogenesis. From a molecular standpoint, the serrated pathway is thought to be responsible for up to 30% of all colorectal cancer cases. The three major processes of this molecular mechanism are alterations in the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, production of the CpG island methylation phenotype, and generation of microsatellite instability.

Analysis of the 'Endoworm' prototype's ability to grip the bowel in in vitro and ex vivo models.

Access to the small bowel by means of an enteroscope is difficult, even using current devices such as single-balloon or double-balloon enteroscopes. Exploration time and patient discomfort are the main drawbacks. The prototype 'Endoworm' analysed in this paper is based on a pneumatic translation system that, gripping the bowel, enables the endoscope to move forward while the bowel slides back over its most proximal part.

Advanced imaging for detection and differentiation of colorectal neoplasia: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Guideline - Update 2019.

1:  ESGE suggests that high definition endoscopy, and dye or virtual chromoendoscopy, as well as add-on devices, can be used in average risk patients to increase the endoscopist's adenoma detection rate. However, their routine use must be balanced against costs and practical considerations.Weak recommendation, high quality evidence.

Periendoscopic management of antiplatelet therapy: Prospective evaluation of adherence to guidelines.

Unlabelled: INTRODUCCIóN: Adherence to guidelines on the periendoscopic management of antiplatelet therapy (APT) has not been analyzed in detail. Our aim was to assess adherence to guidelines in patients referred to our Endoscopy Unit on a case-by-case basis, describing in detail the detected deviations and identifying areas of improvement.

Patients And Methods: Cross-sectional study of outpatients consecutively scheduled for an unsedated upper or lower gastrointestinal endoscopy between January and June 2015.

Non-guided self-learning program for high-proficiency optical diagnosis of diminutive and small colorectal lesions: A single-endoscopist pilot study.

Background: The implementation of optical diagnosis (OD) of diminutive colorectal lesions in clinical practice has been hampered by differences in performance between community and academic settings. One possible cause is the lack of a standardized learning tool. Since the factors related to better learning are not well described, strong evidence upon which a consistent learning tool could be designed is lacking.

Calcium and vitamin D in the serrated neoplastic pathway: Friends or foes?

Sessile serrated adenoma/polyps (known as SSA/Ps) may play an important role in the development of interval colorectal cancer (CRC). These lesions are more difficult to detect with conventional endoscopy and they may quickly turn into CRC, especially when dysplasia has developed. Therefore, primary or secondary chemoprevention may be an appealing strategy at a population level.

Microvesicles from Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a New Protective Strategy in Osteoarthritic Chondrocytes.

Background/aims: Chronic inflammation contributes to cartilage degeneration during the progression of osteoarthritis (OA). Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSC) show great potential to treat inflammatory and degradative processes in OA and have demonstrated paracrine effects in chondrocytes. In the present work, we have isolated and characterized the extracellular vesicles from human AD-MSC to investigate their role in the chondroprotective actions of these cells.

Rate of adverse events of gastroduodenal snare polypectomy for non-flat polyp is low: A prospective and multicenter study.

Aim: To evaluate the rate of adverse events (AEs) during consecutive gastric and duodenal polypectomies in several Spanish centers.

Methods: Polypectomies of protruded gastric or duodenal polyps ≥ 5 mm using hot snare were prospectively included. Prophylactic measures of hemorrhage were allowed in predefined cases.