Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation Associated with a Cyst.

An 11-year-old child presented with chronic occipital headache and vomiting. Computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a cystic mass lesion in the right occipital region. Magnetic resonance imaging brain revealed a cystic mass lesion which was hypointense on T1-weighted images and hyperintense on T2-weighted images.

Giant Craniospinal Intramedullary Neurenteric Cyst in Infant-Case Report and Review of Literature.

Background: Neurenteric cysts are rare congenital lesions derived from an anomalous connection between the primitive ectoderm and endoderm.

Case Description: A 2-month-old infant presented with an insidious onset of upper limb weakness. Magnetic resonance imaging of the spine revealed a contrast-enhancing solid mass located anterior to the spinal cord at the level of the cervicothoracic junction, which was isointense on T1-weighted images and hyperintense on T2-weighted images.

Application and use of subcutaneous stay sutures in anterior cervical spine surgeries with a transverse neck incision: A technical report.

Objective/purpose: The objective of this study is to describe our experience with the use of stay sutures and transverse neck incision for anterior cervical spine surgeries involving multiple levels.

Summary Of Background Data: Transverse incisions on neck usually heal with minimal fibrosis resulting in cosmetically acceptable scars whereas vertical incision, although provides greater exposure, heals with extensive fibrosis resulting in ugly scars. Transverse incision is thus highly recommended.

An Unusual Case of Facial Steatocystoma Multiplex: A Clinicopathologic and Dermoscopic Report.

Background: Steatocystoma multiplex is a benign skin disorder originating from the sebaceous and nevoid ducts. Commonly classified under hamartomas, they are distributed over the trunk, neck, axillae, and groin.

Methods: A 28-year-old male patient complained of multiple, asymptomatic skin-colored nodules over the face of 10-year duration.

Radiographic Incidence of Lumbar Spinal Instability in Patients with Non-spondylolisthetic Low Backache.

Introduction Radiological lumbar spinal instability may exist without obvious spondylolisthesis. We aim to determine the incidence of this non-spondylolisthetic cause of instability in conservatively managed patients and operated groups of patients. We also attempted to study the relationship between instability and its occurrence with respect to age, sex, signs and symptoms.

Effect of dexmedetomidine infusion on hemodynamic responses in microsurgery of larynx.

Background And Aims: Microlaryngeal surgery is a frequently performed ear, nose, and throat procedure used to diagnose and treat laryngeal disorders. Suspension laryngoscopy causes prolonged stimulation of the deep pressure receptors of the larynx leading to adverse circulatory responses and consequently cardiac complications. In this study, dexmedetomidine infusion was used to assess its effectiveness for attenuation of this hemodynamic stress response.

Comparison of continuous epidural infusion of 0.125% ropivacaine with 1 μg/ml fentanyl versus 0.125% bupivacaine with 1 μg/ml fentanyl for postoperative analgesia in major abdominal surgery.

Background And Aim: The present study was carried out to compare the efficacy of continuous epidural infusion of two amide local anesthetics, ropivacaine and bupivacaine with fentanyl for postoperative analgesia in major abdominal surgeries.

Material And Methods: A total of 60 patients scheduled for major abdominal surgery were randomized into two study Groups B and R with thirty patients in each group. All patients were administered general anesthesia after placing epidural catheter.

A prospective observational study of injection pain in children with medium plus long chain triglyceride and long chain triglyceride propofol premixed with lignocaine.

Background And Aims: Propofol injection pain is an unresolved problem in children. Although medium and long chain triglyceride (MCT-LCT) propofol has shown promising results in adults, its efficacy in children is not proven. In a prospective observational study the incidence and severity of pain with MCT-LCT and LCT propofol in children was compared.

Endoscopic ultrasound guided brush/fine-needle aspiration cytology: A 15-month study.

Background: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) has become increasingly popular for the diagnosis and staging of gastrointestinal diseases and peri-gastrointestinal lesions. The application of FNA/Brush has dramatically expanded the clinical utility of EUS.

Aims And Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy, study the spectrum of lesions encountered in EUS-FNAC/brush cytology of gastrointestinal and peri-gastrointestinal lesions.

Psychiatric Co-morbidities in Women with Epilepsy.

Background: The co-existence of psychiatric co-morbidities with Epilepsy in women is multifactorial and complex, being closely related to hormonal status, medication side effects, and psychosocial factors.

Aims: We aimed to study associated Psychiatric co-morbidities in women with Epilepsy (WWE), and correlate the same with seizure subtype and medication , compliance with treatment and seizure control.

Material And Methods: This was a prospective, interview based study in OPD over 18 months, evaluating WWE over 13 years of age with at least 1 seizure in the last 1 year.

Effects of health education tool on select epidemiological factors associated with adult obese urban slum women.

Background: National Family Health Survey-3 (2005-2006) India, found that 14.8% of Ever-Married Adults (age 15-49 years) had Body Mass Index (BMI) in the ranges of overweight and obese; compared to 10.6% in the National Family Health Survey-2.

A Case Report of Largest Documented Multilocular Cystic Nephroma Removed by Thoracoabdominal Approach.

Large renal tumours are not uncommon in developing countries. Enhancing renal tumours are considered to be malignant unless proved otherwise and radical surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment of such tumours. A giant renal tumour, especially on right side, poses a big challenge for the operating team and requires a thoracoabdominal approach for successful excision.

A Study of Prehospital Delay Patterns in Acute Myocardial Infarction in an Urban Tertiary Care Institute in Mumbai.

Objective: There is now increasing awareness about the need for early diagnosis in patients presenting with chest pain. Pre-hospital delay remains a major hurdle in the institution of early reperfusion therapy, which is crucial in salvaging 'at-risk' myocardium and reducing adverse cardiovascular events following ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). This study aims to determine the incidence and the determinants of delayed presentation STEMI and the potential impact of such delay on adverse cardiovascular outcomes.

Is decompressive surgery the only treatment option? A case series of patients with spinal tuberculosis in advanced pregnancy.

Purpose: To present cases of spinal tuberculosis in advanced pregnancy treated on anti-tuberculous drug regimen with successful outcome and proposing alternative paradigm to surgical decompression. A case series of five patients in stages of advanced pregnancy with neurologic deterioration and spinal tuberculosis were reported and treated.

Methods: Five patients with backache in advanced stages of pregnancy were reported.

Successful management of a broken epidural catheter!!!

Breakage of epidural catheter though rare is a well-known but worrisome complication. Visualization of retained catheter is difficult even with modern radiological imaging techniques, and active surgical intervention might be necessary for removal of catheter fragment. We report such a case of breakage of an epidural catheter during its removal which led to surgical intervention.

Comparison of sevoflurane and propofol for laryngeal mask airway insertion and pressor response in patients undergoing gynecological procedures.

Background And Aims: A popular method of providing anesthesia for laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion is with the use of propofol. However, bolus propofol has been associated with adverse effects such as hypotension, apnea and pain on injection. Hence, time is needed to search an alternative.

Traumatic multiple cervical spine injuries in a patient with osteopetrosis and its management.

Study Design: Single case report.

Objective/purpose: To report multiple level fractures of cervical spine in a patient with osteopetrosis and its management. Osteopetrosis is a rare inherited condition characterized by defective remodeling resulting in hard and brittle bones with diffuse osteosclerosis.

Effect of Surgical Curve Correction on Exercise Tolerance and Physical Capacities in Patients of Severe Spinal Deformity.

Introduction: Traditionally, surgical intervention for patients with a spinal deformity has been considered for cosmetic benefits, but surgical intervention can alter the lung physiology or volumes and in turn leads to increase in physical capacity and exercise tolerance. Therefore, we conducted this to determine whether a surgical correction would restore the lung physiology, physical capacity and exercise tolerance in patients with kyphoscoliosis.

Aim: To evaluate the usage of six-minute walk test scores and modified Borg scores as tools/measures for exercise tolerance in patients with spinal deformity and to study the effects of surgical correction of spinal deformity on exercise tolerance with above parameters as the measures.

Chemical Pleurodesis with Oxytetracycline in Congenital Chylothorax.

Background: Congenital chylothorax is an accumulation of chyle in the pleural space that may present in neonatal period with respiratory distress.

Case Characteristics: A 34-week preterm who presented with massive congenital chylothorax complicated with hydrops fetalis.

Outcome: The neonate was treated successfully by pleurodesis with Oxytetracycline.

A Rare Case of an Adult with Untreated Bladder Exstrophy Presenting with Signet-Ring Cell Adenocarcinoma of Urinary Bladder.

Untreated bladder exstrophy in an adult is rare, as the defect is obvious and primary reconstruction is usually done in infancy. There are less than 90 reported cases of primary adenocarcinoma in an untreated bladder exstrophy in literature and only two such case reports from India. Of these, only one case was of signet-ring cell type of mucinous adenocarcinoma.

A descriptive study of facial acanthosis nigricans and its association with body mass index, waist circumference and insulin resistance using HOMA2 IR.

Introduction: The term facial acanthosis nigricans (FAN) lacks definition of precise clinical and histopathological features. We present a descriptive study of patients with FAN to define pigmentary patterns and estimate the prevalence of obesity and insulin resistance in these cases.

Materials And Methods: It is a prospective study that included all patients with classical AN of the neck and/or other areas with facial acanthosis nigricans described as brown-to-black macular pigmentation with blurred ill-defined margins, found on the zygomatic and malar areas.

Functional Evaluation of Patients Undergoing Multiple Joint Replacements: A Retrospective Study of 50 Patients with a Minimum of Six Months of Follow-up.

Introduction:  Polyarthritis is a challenging condition that an orthopedic surgeon faces in day-to-day practice. Some of the conditions where multiple joints are affected are rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis. Multiple joint afflictions can cause severe impairment in the quality of life, which leads to a significant socioeconomic burden on the family and society.