Influence of Sweetpotato Resistance on the Development of and .

and are major pests of sweetpotato. The ability of to cause symptoms and reproduce on nematode-resistant cultivars threatens the sweetpotato industry. To evaluate the penetration, development, and reproduction of and on sweetpotato, a time-course study was conducted using the genotypes 'LA14-31' (resistant to and intermediate-resistant to ), 'LA18-100' (susceptible to and resistant to ), and 'LA19-65' (resistant to and susceptible to ), with 'Beauregard' (susceptible to both species) and 'Jewel' (resistant to and intermediate-resistant to ) as controls.

Exploring the genetic diversity and population structure of an ancient hexaploid wheat species Triticum sphaerococcum using SNP markers.

Background: Understanding genetic diversity and population structure is crucial for strategizing and enhancing breeding efficiency. Wheat, a globally cultivated crop, is a significant source of daily calories for humans. To overcome challenges such as extreme climatic fluctuations, stagnant yields, and diminishing genetic variation, it is essential to develop diverse germplasms with new alleles.

Soil health in Moroccan olive agroecosystems: The bioindication role of terrestrial nematode dynamics.

Terrestrial nematodes are important soil microorganisms that modulate biological processes in soil ecosystems. Thus, these microorganisms have strong potential as soil health bioindicators. This study aimed to investigate their distribution patterns in Moroccan olive agroecosystems and to evaluate their structural and functional dynamics shaping soil disturbance status.

Assessment of planting soil temperature and growing degree day impacts on silage corn ( L.) biomass.

The annual forage crop production system, enclosing silage corn ( L.) and following cool-season annual forage, can enhance forage production efficiency where available land is limited for pasture production. In this forage production system, successful silage corn cultivation has a significant value due to the great yield of highly digestible forage.

Deciphering the genetic basis of salinity tolerance in a diverse panel of cultivated and wild soybean accessions by genome-wide association mapping.

In a genome-wide association study involving 269 cultivated and wild soybean accessions, potential salt tolerance donors were identified along with significant markers and candidate genes, such as GmKUP6 and GmWRKY33. Salt stress remains a significant challenge in agricultural systems, notably impacting soybean productivity worldwide. A comprehensive genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted to elucidate the genetic underpinnings of salt tolerance and identify novel source of salt tolerance among soybean genotypes.

Mapping lipid species remodeling in high fat diet-fed mice: Unveiling adipose tissue dysfunction with Raman microspectroscopy.

Dysregulated lipid metabolism in obesity leads to adipose tissue expansion, a major contributor to metabolic dysfunction and chronic disease. Lipid metabolism and fatty acid changes play vital roles in the progression of obesity. In this proof-of-concept study, Raman techniques combined with histochemical imaging methods were utilized to analyze the impact of a high-fat diet (HFD) on different types of adipose tissue in mice, using a small sample size (n = 3 per group).

Mercury concentrations in Seaside Sparrows and Marsh Rice Rats differ across the Mississippi River Estuary.

Mercury (Hg) concentrations and their associated toxicological effects in terrestrial ecosystems of the Gulf of Mexico are largely unknown. Compounding this uncertainty, a large input of organic matter from the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill may have altered Hg cycling and bioaccumulation dynamics. To test this idea, we quantified blood concentrations of total mercury (THg) in Seaside Sparrows (Ammospiza maritima) and Marsh Rice Rats (Oryzomys palustris) in marshes west and east of the Mississippi River in 2015 and 2016.

Method for assessing coating uniformity of angioplasty balloons coated with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles loaded with quercetin.

In this study, we aim to quantify coating uniformity and correlate fluorescence intensity to drug loading for drug-coated angioplasty balloons (DCB) coated with 5, 10, 15, or 20 layers of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (NPs) entrapped with quercetin. Uniformity was quantified from histograms and horizontal line profiles of microscopic fluorescent images acquired with sample specific parameters, and cracks in the coating were measured and counted. The fluorescence of images acquired with global parameters was correlated with quercetin loading measured via gravimetric/HPLC analysis.

Antidiabetic, antidyslipidemia, and renoprotector potency of butterfly pea flower extract ( L.) in diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia rats model.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a long-term condition marked by high blood glucose levels caused by insulin resistance which will lead to complications of other diseases such as dyslipidemia, which also affects the health of the liver and kidneys. Butterfly pea flower ( L.) has phenolic and flavonoid compounds which have the potential as herbal medicines for antidiabetics.

Deciphering genetic factors contributing to enhanced resistance against Cercospora leaf blight in soybean ( L.) using GWAS analysis.

Cercospora leaf blight (CLB), caused by , , and , is a significant soybean [ (L.) Merr.] disease in regions with hot and humid conditions causing yield loss in the United States and Canada.

Mapping and Omics Integration: Towards Precise Rice Disease Resistance Breeding.

Rice (), as a staple crop feeding a significant portion of the global population, particularly in Asian countries, faces constant threats from various diseases jeopardizing global food security. A precise understanding of disease resistance mechanisms is crucial for developing resilient rice varieties. Traditional genetic mapping methods, such as QTL mapping, provide valuable insights into the genetic basis of diseases.

Antidiabetic and hepatoprotection effect of butterfly pea flower ( L.) through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, lower LDH, ACP, AST, and ALT on diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia rat.

This study explores the antidiabetic and hepatoprotective potential of Butterfly pea flower extract ( L.) (CTE) in diabetic and dyslipidemia rat models. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder marked by high levels of blood glucose, which can cause dyslipidemia and liver damage as a result of oxidative stress.

Cotton host resistance as a tool for managing in Louisiana.

The reniform nematode, , is a major yield-limiting pest of upland cotton () in the United States that has been steadily increasing in incidence in many states. Reniform nematode-resistant cotton cultivars have recently become commercially available for cotton producers; however, few field trials have evaluated their efficacy as a nematode management tool. The aim of this study was to evaluate reniform nematode population development, plant growth, and seed cotton yield of reniform nematode-resistant cotton cultivars in two nematode-infested fields in Louisiana.

Modulation of Methoxyfenozide Release from Lignin Nanoparticles Made of Lignin Grafted with PCL by ROP and Acylation Grafting Methods.

An efficient and sustainable agriculture calls for the development of novel agrochemical delivery systems able to release agrochemicals in a controlled manner. This study investigated the controlled release of the insecticide methoxyfenozide (MFZ) from lignin (LN) nanoparticles (LNPs). LN-grafted poly(ε-caprolactone) (LN--PCL) polymers were synthesized using two grafting methods, ring-opening polymerization (ROP)(LN--PCL) and acylation reaction (LN--PCL), creating polymers capable of self-assembling into nanoparticles of different properties, without surfactants.

Evaluation of fumigant and non-fumigant nematicides for management of on sweetpotato.

Reniform nematode () is a major pest of sweetpotato in many production regions in Southern United States. Applying soil fumigants and non-fumigant nematicides are the primary management strategies available to growers. This study compared the relative efficacy of nematicides (1,3-dichloropropene, fluopyram, oxamyl, fluazaindolizine, aldicarb, Majestene, and fluensulfone) for management of reniform nematode on sweetpotato.

Improving hybrid rice breeding programs via stochastic simulations: number of parents, number of hybrids, tester update, and genomic prediction of hybrid performance.

Schemes that use genomic prediction outperform others, updating testers increases hybrid genetic gain, and larger population sizes tend to have higher genetic gain and less depletion of genetic variance One of the most common methods to improve hybrid performance is reciprocal recurrent selection (RRS). Genomic prediction (GP) can be used to increase genetic gain in RRS by reducing cycle length, but it is also possible to use GP to predict single-cross hybrid performance. The impact of the latter method on genetic gain has yet to be previously reported.

Novel genetic resources associated with sucrose and stachyose content through genome-wide association study in soybean ( (L.) Merr.).

The nutritional value of soybean [ (L.) Merr.] for animals is influenced by soluble carbohydrates, such as sucrose and stachyose.

Incorporating a β-hairpin sequence motif to increase intracellular stability of a peptide-based PROTAC.

Proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) have emerged as a new class of therapeutics that utilize the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) to facilitate proteasomal degradation of "undruggable" targets. Peptide-based PROTACs contain three essential components: a binding motif for the target protein, a short amino acid sequence recognized by an E3 ligase called a degron, and a cell penetrating peptide to facilitate uptake into intact cells. While peptide-based PROTACs have been shown to successfully degrade numerous targets, they have often been found to exhibit low cell permeability and high protease susceptibility.

Characterization of QoI-Fungicide Resistance in Isolates Associated with Cercospora Leaf Blight of Soybean from the Southern United States.

Cercospora leaf blight (CLB) of soybean, caused by cf. , , and cf. , is an economically important disease in the southern United States.

Kisspeptin Is Upregulated at the Maternal-Fetal Interface of the Preeclamptic-like BPH/5 Mouse and Normalized after Synchronization of Sex Steroid Hormones.

Insufficient invasion of conceptus-derived trophoblast cells in the maternal decidua is a key event in the development of early-onset preeclampsia (PE), a subtype of PE associated with high maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Kisspeptins, a family of peptides previously shown to inhibit trophoblast cell invasion, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of early-onset PE. However, a role of kisspeptin signaling during the genesis of this syndrome has not been elucidated.

Stakeholder Perspectives on Sensors and Automation in the Louisiana Sugarcane Industry.

Unlabelled: The sugarcane processing industry in the U.S. state of Louisiana is on the verge of a transformation toward increased automation and real-time data analytics through the adoption of sensor networks.

On the usefulness of mock genomes to define heterotic pools, testers, and hybrid predictions in orphan crops.

The advances in genomics in recent years have increased the accuracy and efficiency of breeding programs for many crops. Nevertheless, the adoption of genomic enhancement for several other crops essential in developing countries is still limited, especially for those that do not have a reference genome. These crops are more often called orphans.

Efficacy and Profitability of Fungicides for Managing Frogeye Leaf Spot on Soybean in the United States: A 10-Year Quantitative Summary.

Frogeye leaf spot (FLS), caused by , is an economically important disease of soybean in the United States. Data from 66 uniform fungicide trials (UFTs) conducted from 2012 to 2021 across eight states (Alabama, Arkansas, Illinois, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Tennessee) were gathered and analyzed to determine the efficacy and profitability of the following fungicides applied at the beginning pod developmental stage (R3): azoxystrobin + difenoconazole (AZOX + DIFE), difenoconazole + pydiflumetofen (DIFE + PYDI), pyraclostrobin (PYRA), pyraclostrobin + fluxapyroxad + propiconazole (PYRA + FLUX + PROP), tetraconazole (TTRA), thiophanate-methyl (TMET), thiophanate-methyl + tebuconazole (TMET + TEBU), and trifloxystrobin + prothioconazole (TFLX + PROT). A network meta-analytic model was fitted to the log of the means of FLS severity data and to the nontransformed mean yield for each treatment, including the nontreated.