Giant Meningioma Diagnosis and Clinical Treatment: A Case Report.

This case report shows the importance of semiology during a clinical examination not only to diagnose spine clinical symptoms but also to review the central nervous system tumor as a foot drop cause. We report a unique case of a patient who consulted for constant progressive numbness and motor symptoms in the right lower extremity. Lumbar CT and MRI were negative for acute or chronic lumbar pathology.

Safe and effective in vivo delivery of DNA and RNA using proteolipid vehicles.

Genetic medicines show promise for treating various diseases, yet clinical success has been limited by tolerability, scalability, and immunogenicity issues of current delivery platforms. To overcome these, we developed a proteolipid vehicle (PLV) by combining features from viral and non-viral approaches. PLVs incorporate fusion-associated small transmembrane (FAST) proteins isolated from fusogenic orthoreoviruses into a well-tolerated lipid formulation, using scalable microfluidic mixing.

Generation of a highly specific and potent antibody against Ce-lamin/LMN-1.

High quality antibodies are useful tools for research in cell and developmental biology. We have obtained highly specific and potent guinea pig-derived polyclonal antibodies against Ce-lamin/ LMN-1 . Western blotting experiments using these antibodies demonstrated that maternally loaded Ce-lamin/ LMN-1 protein is very stable, can perdure through embryonic and larval development and remain detectable in homozygous null mutant adults.

Bi-component sensing platform for the detection of Cd, Feand Fe ions.

The ability of -(1,3-dioxo-1-benzo[de]isoquinolin-2(3)-yl)isonicotinamide (naphydrazide) or 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid (2,6-Hpdc) individually or as a bi-component system in distinguishing and detecting Fe or Fe and Cd ions was investigated. The use of these molecules as single or bi-component analytes in absorption or emission spectroscopy studies showed that under specific conditions each had their own merits for specific purposes. UV-visible spectroscopic studies of 2,6-Hpdc for assessing the interactions with ferrous and ferric ions showed characteristic distinctions.

How I do it: Exoscope assisted microsurgical ligation of type 1 spinal dural arteriovenous fistula.

Background: Type 1 Spinal dural arteriovenous fistula (dAVF) is a rare but curable vascular cause of myelopathy. Microneurosurgery is a very efficacious modality in treating them.

Method: A 26 year old gentleman with progressive flaccid paraparesis (LMN type) and urinary incontinence underwent surgery using exoscope for a right side T9-10 dAVF.

Synthesis of Mn(III)X (X = Cl, Br, I) Compounds with Phosphine (RP) Ligands.

This work details the synthesis and characterization of complexes of the form [MnX(PR)] (X = Cl, Br, I), which is a rare type of coordination compound. Prior to this work, the only mode of synthesis was oxidizing mixtures of MnX and PR with dry air, but these procedures give low yields and variable outcomes. By taking advantage of the starting material [MnCl(OPPh)] () and other new strategies, we present robust synthetic protocols for both new and known Mn(III) halido phosphine complexes.

Addressing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with current technology advances: Breaking the deadlock with a mobile network.

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a global public health problem, with survival rates remaining low at around 10% or less despite widespread cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training and availability of automated external defibrillators (AEDs). This is partly due to the challenges of knowing when and where a sudden OHCA occurs and where the nearest AED is located. In response, countries around the world have begun to use network technology-based smartphone applications.

Cortical inexcitability in ALS: correlating a clinical phenotype.

Background: Cortical inexcitability, a less studied feature of upper motor neuron (UMN) dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), was identified in a large cross-sectional cohort of ALS patients and their demographic and clinical characteristics were contrasted with normal or hyperexcitable ALS cohorts to assess the impact of cortical inexcitability on ALS phenotype and survival.

Methods: Threshold-tracking transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) technique with measurement of mean short interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) differentiated ALS patients into three groups (1) inexcitable (no TMS response at maximal stimulator output in the setting of preserved lower motor neuron (LMN) function), (2) hyperexcitable (SICI≤5.5%) and (3) normal cortical excitability (SICI>5.

Olaparib plus trastuzumab in HER2-positive advanced breast cancer patients with germline BRCA1/2 mutations: The OPHELIA phase 2 study.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the combination of olaparib plus trastuzumab in patients with HER2-positive advanced breast cancer (ABC) and germinal BRCA mutations (gBRCAm).

Methods: OPHELIA (NCT03931551) was a single-arm, open-label, phase 2 clinical trial. Patients aged ≥18 years diagnosed with HER2-positive ABC with germinal deleterious mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 who had received at least one prior systemic regimen for advanced disease were enrolled.

Novel Technologies to Address the Lower Motor Neuron Injury and Augment Reconstruction in Spinal Cord Injury.

Lower motor neuron (LMN) damage results in denervation of the associated muscle targets and is a significant yet under-appreciated component of spinal cord injury (SCI). Denervated muscle undergoes a progressive degeneration and fibro-fatty infiltration that eventually renders the muscle non-viable unless reinnervated within a limited time window. The distal nerve deprived of axons also undergoes degeneration and fibrosis making it less receptive to axons.

Fluorinated Naphthalene Diimides as Buried Electron Transport Materials Achieve Over 23% Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells.

Naphthalene diimides (NDI) are widely serving as the skeleton to construct electron transport materials (ETMs) for optoelectronic devices. However, most of the reported NDI-based ETMs suffer from poor interfaces with the perovskite which deteriorates the carrier extraction and device stability. Here, a representative design concept for editing the peripheral groups of NDI molecules to achieve multifunctional properties is introduced.

In situ Blending For Co-Deposition of Electron Transport and Perovskite Layers Enables Over 24% Efficiency Stable Conventional Solar Cells.

Simplifying the manufacturing processes of multilayered high-performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is yet of vital importance for their cost-effective production. Herein, an in situ blending strategy is presented for co-deposition of electron transport layer (ETL) and perovskite absorber by incorporating (3-(7-butyl-1,3,6,8-tetraoxo-3,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo- [lmn][3,8]phenanthrolin-2(1H)-yl)propyl)phosphonic acid (NDP) into the perovskite precursor solutions. The phosphonic acid-like anchoring group coupled with its large molecular size drives the migration of NDP toward indium tin oxide (ITO) surface to form a distinct ETL during perovskite film forming.

Short-read full-length 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing for characterisation of the respiratory bacteriome of captive and free-ranging African elephants (Loxodonta africana).

Hypervariable region sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene plays a critical role in microbial ecology by offering insights into bacterial communities within specific niches. While providing valuable genus-level information, its reliance on data from targeted genetic regions limits its overall utility. Recent advances in sequencing technologies have enabled characterisation of the full-length 16S rRNA gene, enhancing species-level classification.

Sámi community perspectives on the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed methods case study in Arctic Sweden.

The COVID-19 pandemic posed a grave threat not only to Indigenous people's health and well-being, but also to Indigenous communities and societies. This applies also to the Indigenous peoples of the Arctic, where unintentional effects of public health actions to mitigate the spread of virus may have long-lasting effects on vulnerable communities. This study aim was to identify and describe Sámi perspectives on how the Sámi society in Sweden was specifically affected by the pandemic and associated public health actions during 2020-2021.

Mapping lower-limbs muscle vulnerability in patients with ALS: The role of upper and lower motor neurons.

Background: Several studies have reported disproportionate wasting of the flexor muscles of the lower limbs (LL) compared to the extensors in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, these studies have involved small sample sizes (n 〈100), and their findings have been inconsistent. Thus, it remains uncertain whether a distinct pattern of LL muscle weakness is specific to ALS.

Validation of basal metabolic rate equations in persons with innervated and denervated chronic spinal cord injury.

Basal metabolic rate (BMR) measurement is time consuming and requires specialized equipment. Prediction equations allow clinicians and researchers to estimate BMR; however, their accuracy may vary across individuals with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI). The objective of this study was to investigate the validity of SCI-specific equations as well as able-bodied (AB) prediction equations in individuals with upper motor neuron (UMN), lower motor neuron (LMN), and females with SCI.

Cep57 regulates human centrosomes through multivalent interactions.

Human Cep57 is a coiled-coil scaffold at the pericentriolar matrix (PCM), controlling centriole duplication and centrosome maturation for faithful cell division. Genetic truncation mutations of Cep57 are associated with the mosaic-variegated aneuploidy (MVA) syndrome. During interphase, Cep57 forms a complex with Cep63 and Cep152, serving as regulators for centrosome maturation.

Association of APOE genotype and cerebrospinal fluid Aβ and tau biomarkers with cognitive and motor phenotype in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Objective: Little is known about amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)-nonspecific cognitive deficits - most notably memory disturbance - and their biological underpinnings. We investigated the associations of the Alzheimer's disease (AD) genetic risk factor APOE and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers Aβ and tau proteins with cognitive and motor phenotype in ALS.

Methods: APOE haplotype was determined in 281 ALS patients; for 105 of these, CSF levels of Aβ42, Aβ40, total tau (T-tau), and phosphorylated tau (P-tau181) were quantified by chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA).

Photoswitching of Co(ii)-based coordination cages containing azobenzene backbones.

Inclusion of photoswitchable azobenzene units as spacers into ditopic bridging ligands L and L, containing two chelating pyrazolyl-pyridine termini, allows formation of metal complex assemblies with Co(ii) that undergo a range of light-induced structural transformations. One notable result is the light-induced conversion of a Co(L) dinuclear triple helicate (based on the ligand isomer) to a -symmetric Co(L) assembly, assumed to be an edge-bridged tetrahedral cage, based on the ligand isomer. Another is the preparation of a series of Co(L) complexes, of which Co(-L) was crystallographically characterised and consists of a pair of Co(L) double helicates connected by an additional two bridging ligands which span the pair of helicate units, giving a cyclic Co array in which one and then two bridging ligands alternate around the periphery.

The importance of predictive markers in incarcerated abdominal wall hernia.

Purpose: Emergency abdominal wall hernia repairs play a significant role in general surgical emergencies. In such cases, the time taken to decide on surgery is crucial, as the situation may progress to necrosis, perforation, and organ resection due to strangulation following incarceration. To facilitate the early detection of this condition, studies have been conducted on various predictive markers, most of which are related to similar markers used in acute mesenteric ischemia.

SEROTONIN AND AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS.

Selective degeneration of motoneurons is the pathological hallmark of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Does serotonin (5-HT) play a role in progression or development of disease is under the research. The topic of the present paper is pressing as there is no data available regarding the spread of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; clinical features, differential diagnosis and pathology.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a late-onset syndrome characterized by the progressive degeneration of both upper motor neurons (UMN) and lower motor neurons (LMN). ALS forms a clinical continuum with frontotemporal dementia (FTD), in which there are progressive language deficits or behavioral changes. The genetics and pathology underlying both ALS and FTD overlap as well, with cytoplasmatic misvocalization of TDP-43 as the hallmark.

Could PLS represent a UMN-predominant ALS syndrome?

Primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) is a motor neuron condition marked by pure upper motor neuron (UMN) degeneration. PLS represents around 3% of all motor neuron diseases. Classically the prognosis of PLS is less severe than those of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).