Yoga Techniques Associated with Improved Insulin Resistance in Women with PCOS: A Pilot Study.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a complex heterogenic disease of unknown etiology, is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. Sufferers often exhibit significant insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, obesity, and dyslipidemia. There is no cure for PCOS, although metformin and weight reduction have shown some benefits.

Reasons to Worry About Employment During COVID-19 Among Veterans With Disabilities.

COVID-19 has resulted in enormous labour consequences for persons with disabilities, resulting in worries about their economic futures. While limited research assesses these worries in the general population, research to date has not examined employment-related worries for veterans with disabilities. The purpose of this study was to assess if veteran status results in elevated employment-related worries among persons with disabilities.

The Correlation Between Symptom Clusters and Quality of Life in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by a range of symptoms that often cluster together, impacting the quality of life (QoL) of affected individuals.

Objective: To delineate the composition of symptom clusters in patients with SLE and analyze their correlation with QoL, thus providing a basis for symptom management.

Methods: Using convenience sampling, 201 patients were recruited.

Identifying Adolescent and Young Adults' Preferences for Oncology Symptom Management Clinical Trial Participation.

Background: Most studies to date exploring facilitators and barriers to adolescent and young adults' (AYAs') participation in clinical trials have been focused on external factors to AYAs' participation or recruitment strategies.

Objective: The purpose of this mixed-methods study was to determine AYA cancer survivors' preferences for oncology symptom management clinical trial participation.

Methods: Semistructured interviews and conjoint analysis were conducted to clarify potential attributes (eg, characteristics) and levels (eg, value of the characteristic) that may be important to AYA cancer survivors when considering clinical trial participation (n = 19).

Measures to Prevent and Control COVID-19 in Skilled Nursing Facilities: A Scoping Review.

Importance: Skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) experienced high mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic, leading them to adopt preventive measures to counteract viral spread. A critical appraisal of these measures is essential to support SNFs in managing future infectious disease outbreaks.

Objective: To perform a scoping review of data and evidence on the use and effectiveness of preventive measures implemented from 2020 to 2024 to prevent COVID-19 infection in SNFs in the US.

Inhibition of Retinal Neovascularization by BEZ235: Targeting the Akt/4EBP1/Cyclin D1 Pathway in Endothelial Cells.

Purpose: To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of BEZ235, a dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, in suppressing pathological neovascularization in an oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mouse model and explore the role of cyclin D1 in endothelial cell cycle regulation.

Methods: Single-cell RNA sequencing was performed to analyze gene expression and cell-cycle alterations in retinal endothelial cells under normoxic and OIR conditions. The effects of BEZ235 on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs) were evaluated by assessing cell viability, cell-cycle progression, proliferation, migration, and tube formation.

Data pharmacovigilance analysis of medroxyprogesterone-related adverse events in the FDA adverse event reporting system.

Objectives: Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), a steroid progesterone, is widely used to treat endometriosis, menstrual disorders, and uterine bleeding in clinical practice. However, the safety profile of MPA requires comprehensive evaluation.

Methods: This study performed a retrospective analysis using real-world data extracted from the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database.

Evolving racial/ethnic disparities in AML survival in the novel therapy era.

Little is known about the impact of recent advances in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treatment on racial/ethnic disparities in survival outcomes. We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients with newly diagnosed AML using data from a nationwide electronic health record-derived deidentified database. Patients were categorized based on their diagnosis date relative to venetoclax approval, as pre-novel therapy era (Pre era; 2014-2018; n = 2998) or post-novel therapy era (Post era; 2019-2022; n = 2098).

The Digital Health Competencies in Medical Education Framework: An International Consensus Statement Based on a Delphi Study.

Importance: Rapid digitalization of health care and a dearth of digital health education for medical students and junior physicians worldwide means there is an imperative for more training in this dynamic and evolving field.

Objective: To develop an evidence-informed, consensus-guided, adaptable digital health competencies framework for the design and development of digital health curricula in medical institutions globally.

Evidence Review: A core group was assembled to oversee the development of the Digital Health Competencies in Medical Education (DECODE) framework.

Ultraprocessed Food Consumption and Obesity Development in Canadian Children.

Importance: Ultraprocessed foods (UPF), characterized as shelf-stable but nutritionally imbalanced foods, pose a public health crisis worldwide. In adults, UPF consumption is associated with increased obesity risk, but findings among children are inconsistent.

Objectives: To examine the associations among UPF intake, anthropometric adiposity indicators, and obesity status in Canadian children.

Behavioural and psychological symptoms of people with dementia in acute hospital settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) can complicate acute hospital care, but evidence on BPSD in this setting is heterogeneous.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of BPSD in acute hospitals and explore related risk factors, treatments, and outcomes (PROSPERO: CRD42023406294).

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis by searching Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO for studies on BPSD prevalence among older people with dementia during their acute hospital admissions (up to 5 March 2024).

The Diagnostic Utility of Host RNA Biosignatures in Adult Patients With Sepsis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: Sepsis is a life-threatening medical emergency, with a profound healthcare burden globally. Its pathophysiology is complex, heterogeneous and temporally dynamic, making diagnosis challenging. Medical management is predicated on early diagnosis and timely intervention.

The co-occurrence of functional neurological disorder and autism spectrum disorder: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.

Background: Recent studies reveal increasing interest in the link between Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Functional Neurological Disorder (FND), prompting a systematic review and meta-analysis of their co-occurrence.

Method: The review covered a comprehensive literature search across multiple databases up to November 2024, focusing on peer-reviewed studies of ASD and FND co-occurrence. Twenty-four studies qualified for inclusion.

Silicone Leakage From Breast Implants and its Association With Capsular Contracture in 657 Patients.

Background: Capsular contracture is a common complication following breast reconstruction and augmentation, but there is limited evidence for the association between silicone leaking from the implant and capsular contracture.

Objectives: To determine the association between silicone leaking into the surrounding fibrous capsule and the risk of capsular contracture.

Methods: This multicenter cross-sectional study included patients undergoing revisional surgery for any indication following breast reconstruction or augmentation with silicone implants.

Detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in hospitalized pediatric patients presenting with acute lower respiratory tract infections utilizing targeted next-generation sequencing.

Background: Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a prevalent pathogen in pediatric community-acquired pneumonia. Currently, limited literature exists on the clinical utilization of pathogen-targeted sequencing technologies.

Methods: Targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) technology was employed to analyze bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from 1,070 hospitalized pediatric patients with acute lower respiratory tract infections.

Dynamic proportional loss of functional connectivity revealed change of left superior frontal gyrus in subjective cognitive decline: an explanatory study based on Chinese and Western cohorts.

Brain network dynamics have been extensively explored in patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD). However, these studies are susceptible to individual differences, scanning parameters, and other confounding factors. Therefore, how to reveal subtle SCD-related subtle changes remains unclear.

Better objective sleep quality is associated with higher gut microbiota richness in older adults.

Aging is associated with disrupted sleep patterns, such as fragmented sleep and reduced efficiency, leading to negative health outcomes. There is evidence of a bidirectional relationship between sleep and gut microbiota, which plays a key role in the gut-brain axis and overall health. However, studies on this relationship in older adults have limited generalizability and show conflicting results, highlighting the need for further research.

Self-perceived knowledge, influencing factors and proposed educational interventions for diagnostic stewardship in the microbiology laboratory: The experience of Irish paediatric doctors.

Background: Lab users should display an understanding of microbiology tests and avoid inappropriate requests which may yield negative clinical consequences. Our research addressed diagnostic stewardship education and the perspectives of paediatric hospital doctors on their (1) self-perceived knowledge, (2) motivators for test ordering, (3) proposed educational interventions and (4) preferred teaching modalities.

Methods: An anonymous, mixed-methods, 34-item online questionnaire was distributed to paediatric doctors across three Irish hospital sites from March to May 2023.

Progression of the Residual Lesion in Cavernous Sinus Extra-Axial Cavernous Hemangioma After Surgery.

Our study aimed to investigate the factors associated with residual cavernous sinus extra-axial cavernous hemangiomas (ECHs) progression after surgery. This retrospective study consecutively included patients of cavernous sinus ECHs with incomplete lesion resection from February 2012 to January 2024. The progression of the lesions was defined as new lesions or a growth of residual lesion (≥ 10% increase in volume).

Mitochondria Express Functional Signaling Ligand-Binding Receptors that Regulate their Biological Responses - the Novel Role of Mitochondria as Stress-Response Sentinels.

Evidence accumulated mitochondria, as the "powerplants of the cell," express several functional receptors for external ligands that modify their function and regulate cell biology. This review sheds new light on the role of these organelles in sensing external stimuli to facilitate energy production for cellular needs. This is possible because mitochondria express some receptors on their membranes that are responsible for their autonomous responses.

Minimally invasive biomarkers for triaging lung nodules-challenges and future perspectives.

CT chest scans are commonly performed worldwide, either in routine clinical practice for a wide range of indications or as part of lung cancer screening programs. Many of these scans detect lung nodules, which are small, rounded opacities measuring 8-30 mm. While the concern about nodules is that they may represent early lung cancer, in screening programs, only 1% of such nodules turn out to be cancer.

Acute aortic dissection during minimally invasive cardiac surgery: a case report.

Background: Management of acute aortic dissection (AAD) caused by retrograde perfusion through the femoral artery during minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) remains controversial. We present a case of AAD occurring during the late cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) phase, which was successfully managed by vascular graft replacement, without altering the blood supply route.

Case Presentation: A 63-year-old man was scheduled for totally endoscopic aortic valve replacement.