Exploring causality between TV viewing and weight change in young and middle-aged adults. The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns study.

Background: Television viewing time (TV time) is associated with increased weight and obesity, but it is unclear whether this relation is causal.

Methods And Results: We evaluated changes in TV time, waist circumference (waist) and body mass index (BMI) in participants of the population-based Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns study (761 women, 626 men aged 33-50 years in 2011). Waist and BMI were measured, and TV time was self-reported in 2001, 2007, and 2011.

Lipid droplet-associated proteins in high-fat fed mice with the effects of voluntary running and diet change.

Objective: The relation between lipid accumulation and influence of exercise on insulin sensitivity is not straightforward. A proper balance between lipid droplet synthesis, lipolysis, and oxidative metabolism would ensure low local intramyocellular fatty acid levels, thereby possibly protecting against lipotoxicity-associated insulin resistance. This study investigated whether the accumulation of triglycerides and lipid droplets in response to high availability of fatty acids after high-fat feeding would parallel the abundance of intramyocellular perilipin proteins, especially PLIN5.

Adolescents' physical activity at recess and actions to promote a physically active school day in four Finnish schools.

The national Finnish Schools on the Move programme support schools with their individual plans to promote school-based physical activity (PA). We examined the changes in adolescents' recess and overall PA in four lower secondary schools and described the school actions to promote students' PA and the local contact persons' perceptions of the effects. Recess and overall PA were assessed four times by anonymous questionnaires from students in grades 7-9 (n = 789) in 2010-12, and local contact persons (n = 7) provided information on school actions with diaries, interviews and surveys.

Childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms are risk factors for obesity and physical inactivity in adolescence.

Objective: To prospectively investigate the association and directionality between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and obesity from childhood to adolescence in the general population. We examined whether obesogenic behaviors, namely, physical inactivity and binge eating, underlie the potential ADHD symptom-obesity association. We explored whether childhood conduct disorder (CD) symptoms are related to adolescent obesity/physical inactivity.

High levels of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness are associated with good self-rated health in adolescents.

Background: Adolescent self-rated health is a strong predictor of future illness. In this study we investigated whether physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness are associated with self-rated health among adolescents aged 16 years.

Methods: The study sample comprised 7,063 adolescents from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 (NFBC 1986) who responded to a postal questionnaire in 2001 to 2002.

The prevalence of musculoskeletal pain and use of painkillers among adolescent male ice hockey players in Finland.

Participating in competitive sport increases the risk for injuries and musculoskeletal pain among adolescent athletes. There is also evidence that the use of prescription drugs has increased among sport club athletes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of painkillers among young male ice hockey players (IHP) in comparison to schoolboys (controls) and its relation to the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain and problems during activities and sleeping.

Longitudinal associations between changes in physical activity and depressive symptoms in adulthood: the young Finns study.

Background: Although previous studies have associated physical activity (PA) with lower depressive symptoms, the combined effects of the (1) frequency, (2) intensity, and (3) duration of long-term PA have not been examined in detail.

Purpose: We examined the dose-response association between changes in frequency, intensity, and duration of PA and depressive symptoms in men and women over 6 years.

Methods: Participants comprised 1,959 healthy adults (833 men and 1,126 women), aged 24-39 years in 2001, drawn from the ongoing Young Finns Study.

Active commuting from youth to adulthood and as a predictor of physical activity in early midlife: the young Finns study.

Objective: The aims of the study were to describe the stability of active commuting (AC) behavior (i.e., walking and cycling) over 27years and examine the relationship between AC and physical activity (PA) from youth to early midlife.

High-density lipoprotein maintains skeletal muscle function by modulating cellular respiration in mice.

Background: Abnormal glucose metabolism is a central feature of disorders with increased rates of cardiovascular disease. Low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) are a key predictor for cardiovascular disease. We used genetic mouse models with increased HDL levels (apolipoprotein A-I transgenic [apoA-I tg]) and reduced HDL levels (apoA-I-deficient [apoA-I ko]) to investigate whether HDL modulates mitochondrial bioenergetics in skeletal muscle.

Towards a physically more active lifestyle based on one's own values: study design of a randomized controlled trial for physically inactive adults.

Background: This randomised controlled trial demonstrates the effectiveness of a value-based intervention program to encourage a physically more active lifestyle among physically inactive adults aged 30 to 50 years. The conceptual framework of the program is based on an innovative behavioural therapy called Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) that aims to increase an individual's psychological flexibility and support behaviour change towards a higher quality and more meaningful life.

Methods: Participants will be randomly allocated to a feedback group (FB) or an Acceptance and Commitment based (ACT+FB) group.

Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and academic performance in Finnish children.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the relationships between objectively measured and self-reported physical activity, sedentary behavior, and academic performance in Finnish children.

Methods: Two hundred and seventy-seven children from five schools in the Jyväskylä school district in Finland (58% of the 475 eligible students, mean age = 12.2 yr, 56% girls) participated in the study in the spring of 2011.

Association between overweight and low back pain: a population-based prospective cohort study of adolescents.

Study Design: A prospective cohort study in adolescents aged 7 to 19 years.

Objective: To evaluate whether persistent overweight increases the risk of low back pain (LBP) among adolescents.

Summary Of Background Data: Overweight and LBP are common health problems in adolescents.

Physical activity and obesity mediate the association between childhood motor function and adolescents' academic achievement.

The global epidemic of obesity and physical inactivity may have detrimental implications for young people's cognitive function and academic achievement. This prospective study investigated whether childhood motor function predicts later academic achievement via physical activity, fitness, and obesity. The study sample included 8,061 children from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986, which contains data about parent-reported motor function at age 8 y and self-reported physical activity, predicted cardiorespiratory fitness (cycle ergometer test), obesity (body weight and height), and academic achievement (grades) at age 16 y.

Low-grade inflammation and depressive symptoms as predictors of abdominal obesity.

Aim: Abundant evidence suggests that depression is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome. Systemic low-grade inflammation and evolving abdominal obesity are hypothesised to be underlying mechanisms explaining the relationship. To test this hypothesis we examined the association of depressive symptoms and inflammation in developing abdominal obesity.

Moderating effects of leisure-time physical activity on the association between job strain and depressive symptoms: the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study.

Objective: We examined whether long-term leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) has a moderating effect on the association between job strain and depressive symptoms using prospective data.

Methods: Full-time employees (455 men and 480 women) aged 30 to 45 years were followed from 2001 to 2007. Data were collected using questionnaires.

The motor-learning process of older adults in eccentric bicycle ergometer training.

This study describes the motor-learning process of older individuals during the course of a training intervention on a motor-driven eccentric bicycle ergometer. Seventeen women and 16 men (64 ± 6 yr) took part in a 10-wk training program. Uniformity of force production and consistency of timing were used to describe their motor performance.

Factors related to seeking health care among adolescents with musculoskeletal pain.

Musculoskeletal pain is common among adolescents, but little is known about the factors that affect seeking health care for the problem. We examined the care-seeking pattern among adolescents reporting musculoskeletal pain. The study consisted of adolescents aged 16 years from the 1986 Northern Finland Birth Cohort who responded to a mailed questionnaire in 2001 and reported musculoskeletal pain over the preceding 6 months (n=5052).

Suspected motor problems and low preference for active play in childhood are associated with physical inactivity and low fitness in adolescence.

Background: This prospective longitudinal study investigates whether suspected motor problems and low preference for active play in childhood are associated with physical inactivity and low cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescence.

Methodology/principal Findings: The study sample consisted of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 (NFBC 1986) composed of 5,767 children whose parents responded to a postal inquiry concerning their children's motor skills at age 8 years and who themselves reported their physical activity at age 16 years. Cardiorespiratory fitness was measured with a cycle ergometer test at age 16 years.

Sustained involvement in youth sports activities predicts reduced chronic job strain in early midlife.

Objective: We examined the long-term effects of youth leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and sports participation on the prevalence of chronic work stress in adulthood.

Methods: Participants (326 men and 338 women) aged 9 to 18 years were initially enrolled in 1980 and followed until 2007. Data were collected using questionnaires and bicycle ergometry in a subgroup.

Leadership component of type A behavior predicts physical activity in early midlife.

Background: Research on the long-term effects of Type A behavior and its components in the prediction of physical activity in adulthood is scarce and there is a lack of prospective data that are able to show such an association.

Purpose: We examined the relations between components of Type A behavior and physical activity from youth to early midlife.

Method: The sample included 2,031 participants (43.

Sedentary lifestyle and emergence of hopelessness in middle-aged men.

Background: A sedentary lifestyle and psychosocial factors such as hopelessness and depression increase cardiovascular risk. Cross-sectional evidence suggests positive effects of physical exercise on psychological well being, but the time order of the relationship between physical activity and hopelessness has not been addressed.

Design: Population-based prospective cohort study with 630 middle-aged men participating in the 4-year follow-up and 509 men in the 11-year follow-up.

Relationships between standing broad jump, shuttle run and Body Mass Index in children aged three to ei.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between Body Mass Index (BMI) and performance in standing broad jump and shuttle run in young children and whether this association is similar during the age range studied and in both sexes.

Methods: A total of 1 197 Finnish children aged three to eight years participated in this cross-sectional study. Height and weight measuring and the standing broad jump (SBJ) and shuttle run tests were used.

Sustained participation in youth sport decreases metabolic syndrome in adulthood.

Objective: to explore the effect of organized youth sport on metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adulthood.

Design: Longitudinal study data from the cardiovascular risk in young Finns study.

Subjects: A total of 1493 males (n=704) and females (n=789) aged 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 years were randomly selected from five university towns and their rural surroundings in 1980.

Effects of fatiguing jumping exercise on mRNA expression of titin-complex proteins and calpains.

Eccentric exercise induced by electrostimulation increases mRNA expression of titin-complex proteins in rodent skeletal muscle. In this study, mRNA expression of titin, muscle LIM protein (MLP), cardiac ankyrin repeat protein (CARP), ankyrin repeat domain protein 2 (Ankrd2), diabetes-related ankyrin repeat protein (DARP), and calcium-activated proteinases, calpains, were investigated in human skeletal muscle after fatiguing jumping exercise. Fatiguing jumping exercise did not change mRNA expression of titin, DARP, calpain 1, or calpain 3.