Impaired spatial coding of the hippocampus in a dentate gyrus hypoplasia mouse model.

The hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) is thought to orthogonalize inputs from the entorhinal cortex (pattern separation) and relay this information to the CA3 region. In turn, attractor dynamics in CA3 perform a pattern completion or error correction operation before sending its output to CA1. In a mouse model of congenital hypoplasia of the DG, a deficiency in the (Wls) gene, specifically in cells expressing , which targets neuronal progenitors, led to an almost total absence of dentate granule cells and modestly impaired performance in spatial tasks.

Establishment and application of a zebrafish model of Werner syndrome identifies sapanisertib as a potential antiaging drug.

Aging is a complex process that affects multiple organs, and the discovery of a pharmacological approach to ameliorate aging is considered the Holy Grail of medicine. Here, we performed an N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea forward genetic screening in zebrafish and identified an accelerated aging mutant named (), harboring a mutation in the - () gene. Loss of leads to a short lifespan and age-related characteristics in the intestine of zebrafish embryos, such as cellular senescence, genomic instability, and epigenetic alteration.

Extracorporeal Life Support Organization 2024 Guideline for Early Rehabilitation or Mobilization of Adult Patients on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.

This Extracorporeal Life Support Organization guideline describes early rehabilitation or mobilization of patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). The guideline describes useful and safe practices put together by an international interprofessional team with extensive experience in the field of ECMO and ECMO rehabilitation or mobilization. The guideline is not intended to define the delivery of care or substitute sound clinical judgment.

Taking responsibility: Asilomar and its legacy.

A reappraisal of the constitutional position of science in American democracy is needed.

TIR signaling activates caspase-like immunity in bacteria.

Caspase family proteases and Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR)-domain proteins have central roles in innate immunity and regulated cell death in humans. We describe a bacterial immune system comprising both a caspase-like protease and a TIR-domain protein. We found that the TIR protein, once it recognizes phage invasion, produces the previously unknown immune signaling molecule adenosine 5'-diphosphate-cyclo[N7:1'']-ribose (N7-cADPR).

Learning the language of life with AI.

In 2021, a year before ChatGPT took the world by storm amid the excitement about generative artificial intelligence (AI), AlphaFold 2 cracked the 50-year-old protein-folding problem, predicting three-dimensional (3D) structures for more than 200 million proteins from their amino acid sequences. This accomplishment was a precursor to an unprecedented burgeoning of large language models (LLMs) in the life sciences. That was just the beginning.

Effects of gastrointestinal parasites on fecal glucocorticoids and behaviour in vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus).

Relationships between parasites, host physiology, and behaviours are complex. Parasites can influence host hormonal microenvironment and behaviour through "sickness behaviours" that generally conserve energy. Using a parasite removal experiment, we examined the effects of gastrointestinal parasites on fecal glucocorticoid metabolites (fGC) and behaviours of vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus) at Lake Nabugabo, Uganda.

Application of attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in semi-quantification of blood lipids and characterization of the metabolic syndrome.

Background/purpose: Dyslipidemia, a hallmark of metabolic syndrome (MetS), contributes to atherosclerotic and cardiometabolic disorders. Due to days-long analysis, current clinical procedures for cardiotoxic blood lipid monitoring are unmet. This study used AI-assisted attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy to identify MetS and precisely quantify multiple blood lipid levels with a blood sample of 0.

Acquired hypothyroidism, iodine status and hearing impairment in adults: A pilot study.

Objectives: Hearing impairment can have major impacts on behavior, educational attainment, social status, and quality of life. In congenital hypothyroidism, the incidence of hearing impairment reaches 35-50%, while in acquired hypothyroidism there is a reported incidence of 25%. Despite this, knowledge of the pathogenesis, incidence and severity of hearing impairment remains greatly lacking.

Prevalence and associated factors of diabetes among adult populations of Hawassa town, southern Ethiopia: A community based cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Knowing the magnitude and preventable risk factors of diabetes has a significant contribution in targeted prevention intervention which ultimately ensures the existence of healthier and productive individuals in a country. Diabetes has untoward impact on health, social and economic consequences. Exploring preventable risk factors are extremely important because of their potential association and interaction with diabetes.

Relationship between secondary metabolites and ecological suitability zones for Eucommia ulmoides.

The quality of Chinese medicinal materials is closely related to the types and contents of their secondary metabolites, while ecological adaptability influences the production of secondary metabolites. Therefore, identifying the relationship between ecological adaptability and secondary metabolites is important for enhancing the quality of Chinese medicinal materials. In this study, we collected 10-year-old Cortex Eucommiae (Eucommia ulmoides, EU) samples from 21 plots in eight provinces which are the primary production areas of EU in central China.

Laboratory risk assessment of Beauveria bassiana AAD16 on two species of ladybird beetle.

Beauveria bassiana AAD16, isolated from Allomyrina dichotoma, shows promise as a mycoinsecticide against various coleopterans. However, assessing non-target impacts on beneficial beetles like ladybirds is crucial before commercialization. Here we assessed the compatibility between ladybird beetles and B.

Introduced substrates trigger colonization by reef-associated fish in a degraded coastal system.

Coastal reefs benefit the survival and growth of mobile organisms by providing shelter and increased food availability. Under increasing pressure from human activities, the coverage of subtidal reefs has decreased along the world's coasts. This decline is motivating efforts to restore these important habitats by re-introducing hard substrates into the coastal zone.

Investigating the miRNA-mRNA interactome of human trabecular meshwork cells treated with TGF-β1 provides insights into the pathogenesis of pseudoexfoliation glaucoma.

Pseudoexfoliation glaucoma is a severe form of secondary open angle glaucoma and is associated with activation of the TGF-β pathway by TGF-β1. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA species that are involved in regulation of mRNA expression and translation. To investigate what glaucomatous changes occur in the trabecular meshwork and how these changes may be regulated by miRNAs, we performed a bioinformatics analysis resulting in a miRNA-mRNA interactome.

Analysis of glutamate-dependent mechanism and optimization of fermentation conditions for poly-gamma-glutamic acid production by Bacillus subtilis SCP017-03.

Poly-gamma-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) is mainly synthesized by glutamate-dependent strains in the manufacturing industry. Therefore, understanding glutamate-dependent mechanisms is imperative. In this study, we first systematically analyzed the response of Bacillus subtilis SCP017-03 to glutamate addition by comparing transcriptomics and proteomics.

Linking citation and retraction data reveals the demographics of scientific retractions among highly cited authors.

Retractions are becoming increasingly common but still account for a small minority of published papers. It would be useful to generate databases where the presence of retractions can be linked to impact metrics of each scientist. We have thus incorporated retraction data in an updated Scopus-based database of highly cited scientists (top 2% in each scientific subfield according to a composite citation indicator).

Signals of propaganda-Detecting and estimating political influences in information spread in social networks.

Social networks are a battlefield for political propaganda. Protected by the anonymity of the internet, political actors use computational propaganda to influence the masses. Their methods include the use of synchronized or individual bots, multiple accounts operated by one social media management tool, or different manipulations of search engines and social network algorithms, all aiming to promote their ideology.

New information on Bonapartenykus (Alvarezsauridae: Theropoda) from the Allen Formation (middle Campanian-lower Maastrichtian) of Río Negro Province, Patagonia, Argentina clarifies the Patagonykinae body plan.

Alvarezsauria is a group of morphologically distinctive, medium- to small-sized later-diverging coelurosaurian theropod dinosaurs, whose record ranges from the Late Jurassic to the Late Cretaceous. This clade had a widespread distribution in Laurasia in what is now Europe, Asia, and North America, although there are also several Cretaceous taxa from Gondwana in what is now Argentina that all belong to the family Alvarezsauridae. Although alvarezsaurid taxonomic diversity and anatomical knowledge has expanded over the last decade, alvarezsaurid internal phylogenetic relationships remain highly debated.

Aquaporin-2 in the early stages of the adenine-induced chronic kidney disease model.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the leading health problems in the world. It is silent in the early stages and gradually progresses, inducing renal physiological and structural alterations. Moreover, CKD is associated with impaired life quality, increased risk for cardiovascular diseases, and reduced life expectancy.

The changes in health-related quality of life after attending cardiac rehabilitation: A qualitative systematic review of the perspective of patients living with heart disease.

Background: Although the benefits of engaging in cardiac rehabilitation are well established, patient perceptions of the changes in their health-related quality of life are poorly documented. This systematic review synthesized qualitative studies on patients' perspectives of change in their health-related quality of life after attending cardiac rehabilitation.

Objective: To identify and synthesize the best available evidence on the perspective of patients living with heart disease about the changes in their health-related quality of life after attending cardiac rehabilitation.

Abnormalities in male gametophytes development responsible for low seed set of Peudosasa subsolida.

Pseudosasa subsolida belongs to the Pseudosasa genus within the Poaceae family. Due to its unique flowering cycle and the physiological traits associated with asexual reproduction, acquiring floral material from P. subsolida is particularly challenging.

Ovarian cancer prevention through opportunistic salpingectomy during abdominal surgeries: A cost-effectiveness modeling study.

Background: There is indication that the fallopian tubes might be involved in ovarian cancer pathogenesis and their removal reduces cancer risk. Hence, bilateral salpingectomy during hysterectomy or sterilization, so called opportunistic salpingectomy (OS), is gaining wide acceptance as a preventive strategy. Recently, it was discussed whether implementation of OS at other gynecologic surgery, e.

Correction: Mental health status and the quality of life of infertile women receiving fertility treatment in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.