Assessment of HIV-related stigma and determinants among people living with HIV/AIDS in Abeokuta, Nigeria: A cross-sectional study.

Introduction: HIV/AIDS-related stigma remains an essential barrier to the formulated care delivery and improved quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa. Only a few studies have evaluated stigma and its determinants as concerns people living with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria.

Methods: A cross-sectional design study recruited 386 people living with HIV/AIDS attending the government clinic, Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta, Nigeria, for the assessment of stigma using Berger's HIV stigma scale and United States Agency International Development-recommended indicators and questions on HIV-related stigma among people living with HIV/AIDS.

Physiological parameters for Prognosis in Abdominal Sepsis (PIPAS) Study: a WSES observational study.

Background: Timing and adequacy of peritoneal source control are the most important pillars in the management of patients with acute peritonitis. Therefore, early prognostic evaluation of acute peritonitis is paramount to assess the severity and establish a prompt and appropriate treatment. The objectives of this study were to identify clinical and laboratory predictors for in-hospital mortality in patients with acute peritonitis and to develop a warning score system, based on easily recognizable and assessable variables, globally accepted.

Comparison of weight gain between levonorgestrel and etonogestrel implants after 12 months of insertion.

Objective: To compare weight gain between women using etonogestrel implants and those using levonorgestrel implants 12 months after insertion.

Methods: A multicenter prospective cohort study was performed on women recruited from family planning clinics between July 2016 and August 2017. The main study outcome was mean weight gain after 12 months of insertion of the implants.

of the femoral bone.

Histoplasmosis due to is an emerging AIDS-defining opportunistic infection in HIV positive seen predominantly on the African continent between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. is an invasive fungal organism with tropism for lymph nodes, skin and bones. The infection occurs more in patients with a CD4 count <50/mm and is usually dissemnnated Histoplasmosis due to is an emerging AIDS-defining opportunistic infection in HIV positive seen predominantly on the African continent between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn.

Audit of insulin prescription patterns and associated burden among diabetics in a tertiary health institution in Nigeria.

Background: Insulin is one of the most important anti-diabetic agents in the management of diabetes even among type 2 diabetic.

Objective: There was need to assess insulin adherence, mode of insulin delivery and burden of insulin usage among diabetics.

Methods: A cross-sectional, prospective questionnaire, orally administered at a Diabetes Clinic of a University Teaching Hospital, SouthWest, Nigeria.

Fibrinolytic proteins of normal pregnancy and pre-eclamptic patients in North West Nigeria.

Background: The hypercoagulability of pregnancy is exaggerated in pre-eclamptic state because of endothelial activation with resultant production of some endothelial derived proteins that are said to be inhibitors of fibrinolysis. This study compares these proteins like tPA, PAI-1 and D-dimers in normal pregnant women and the pre-eclamptic women.

Methodology: This was a comparative cross-sectional study.

Accuracy of ultrasonography in the evaluation of abdominal masses in children in Nigeria.

Introduction: Abdominal masses in children constitute a spectrum of lesions of diverse origin, nature and significance. In a low-income setting with limited investigative facilities, accurate diagnosis of abdominal masses can be very challenging. However, ultrasound has been used preferentially as a diagnostic tool in evaluating abdominal masses in children.

Subchronic ketamine alters behaviour, metabolic indices and brain morphology in adolescent rats: Involvement of oxidative stress, glutamate toxicity and caspase-3-mediated apoptosis.

Ketamine is a dissociative anaesthetic agent whose recreational use amongst adolescents and young adults is reaching epidemic proportions in a number of countries. While animal studies have examined the long-term detrimental effects of early-life ketamine exposure, there is a paucity of information on the immediate effects of ketamine following subchronic administration in the adolescence period. Adolescent rats were assigned into four groups of 10 animals each, administered intraperitoneal (i.

Dietary composition modulates impact of food-added monosodium glutamate on behaviour, metabolic status and cerebral cortical morphology in mice.

Effects of food-added monosodium glutamate (MSG) on neurobehaviour, serum biochemical parameters, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and changes in cerebral cortex, liver and kidney morphology were assessed in mice fed standard diet (SD) or high-fat diet (HFD). Animals were assigned to 8 groups [SD control, HFD control, and six groups fed MSG plus SD or HFD at 0.1, 0.

Idiopathic scrotal calcinosis: report of 2 cases, and review of pathogenesis and factors that determine patients' acceptance of surgical treatment.

Introduction: Idiopathic scrotal calcinosis is a benign and rare disease of the scrotal skin that presents as solitary or multiple asymptomatic calcified nodules in the absence of systemic disorders of calcium/phosphorus balance.

Case Reports: We report the management of 2 cases and review the literature with comments on factors that determine acceptance or otherwise of surgical treatment. Our patients were 29 and 33 years old and presented with nodular scrotal lesions.

Paediatric burn epidemiology as a basis for developing a burn prevention program.

Burn injuries are often seen among the paediatric population. Mortality from burn injuries is high in developing countries. Poor facilities and poverty contribute to this.

Sub-clinical middle ear malfunctions in elderly patients; prevalence, pattern and predictors.

Background: Little is known about functioning of the middle ear with advancing age.

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence and describe tympanometric patterns of sub-clinical middle ear malfunctions,( S-MEM) in elderly patients. It also assessed clinical factors that could predict S-MEM.

The impact of acne and facial post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation on quality of life and self-esteem of newly admitted Nigerian undergraduates.

Background: Acne and facial post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation are relatively common clinical conditions among adolescents and young adults, and inflict psychosocial injuries on sufferers.

Objective: To document the psychosocial and self-esteem implications of acne and facial hyperpigmentation on newly admitted undergraduates.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 200 undergraduates.

Interstitial ectopic pregnancy: a case report.

Interstitial ectopic pregnancy is a rare type of tubal pregnancy that poses diagnostic challenge. It is associated with the highest risk of massive, uncontrollable bleeding and can result in uterine rupture in the second trimester. This is a rare case of unruptured interstitial ectopic diagnosed in the first trimester by ultrasonography and managed medically with systemic methrotrexate and serial ultrasound monitoring.

Right ventricular function in patients with heart failure in a cardiac clinic in Southwest Nigeria.

Background: Right ventricular (RV) function is an important entity in heart failure. Patients with RV dysfunction (RVD) have poorer prognosis and exercise tolerance than those with preserved RV systolic function. Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) has been proposed as a simple and reproducible parameter for the qualitative assessment of RV systolic function/ejection fraction (EF).

Maxillofacial fractures in a budding teaching hospital: a study of pattern of presentation and care.

Introduction: Previous reports indicated that there is geographic and sociodemographic variation in the epidemiology of maxillofacial fractures. Audit of maxillofacial injuries managed at any institution is therefore necessary to understand the trends and proffer strategies for prevention. We therefore embarked on this study to determine the pattern of maxillofacial fractures and concomitant injuries in our institution.

Maternal characteristics and immunization status of children in North Central of Nigeria.

Introduction: Routine immunization coverage in Nigeria is one of the lowest national coverage rates in the world. The objective of this study was to compare the mother' characteristics and the child's Immunization status in some selected rural and urban communities in the North central part of Nigeria.

Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study, using a multistage sampling technique to select 600 respondent women with an index child between 0-12 months.

Pseudohyperglycemia: Effects of Unwashed Hand after Fruit Peeling or Handling on Fingertips Blood Glucose Monitoring Results.

Background: Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) is an important component of management for diabetes mellitus (DM), especially in T1DM and T2DM patients who are on insulin therapy. Adequate blood glucose monitoring and prompt intervention are necessary to prevent blood glucose (BG) fluctuation and delay long-term diabetes complications. People with DM are advised to clean their hands before SMBG to remove any dirt or food residue that might affect the reading.

Clinical outcomes of posterior spinal stabilization with rigid vertical strut and spinal process wires (the Adeolu's technique) in a developing country.

Introduction: Conventional instrumentation for spinal stabilization is beyond the reach of many patients in developing countries. A low-cost and easily-available method of spinal stabilization using vertical struts and spinal process wires (Adeolu's technique) was recently introduced in Nigeria. We describe the clinical outcomes of a prospective series of patients managed using the technique.

Posttraumatic Seizures in a Rural Nigerian Neurosurgical Service.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a recognized risk factor for seizures. In Nigeria, there is paucity of literature on posttraumatic seizure (PTS). This study provides the profile and pattern of PTS in patients with TBI in a rural Nigerian neurosurgical service.

Coinheritance of B-Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Anaemia in Southwestern Nigeria.

Background: Genes for haemoglobin S are found in high frequencies in Nigeria. However, there is little information on beta thalassemia in sickle cell anaemia in this population. The clinical presentation of HbS- β thalassemia is enormously variable, ranging from an asymptomatic state to a severe disorder similar to homozygous sickle cell disease.

Child Abuse and the Eye in an African Population.

Purpose: There is a paucity of data on child abuse and the eye in West Africa. Therefore, a need exists to determine the causes and circumstances surrounding these occurrences and their effects on the eye and vision in a pediatric population.

Methods: A 3-year study of consecutive cases of ocular features that presented to an eye clinic following a history suggestive of child abuse along with any associated eye injury was carried out.

Dyslipidaemia as a risk factor in the occurrence of stroke in Nigeria: prevalence and patterns.

Introduction: Stroke is a major public health problem worldwide. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia and smoking are some of the common modifiable risk factors in the occurrence of stroke. Therefore, this study was designed to assess the prevalence and patterns of dyslipidaemia among individuals with acute stroke.