How valid is the tallquist method in screening pregnant women with anemia in poor rural settings of southwestern Nigeria?

Background: Diagnosis of anemia is challenging in resource-poor settings due to inadequate laboratory resources. This study assessed the validity of the Tallquist haemoglobinometer in assessing anemia among pregnant women in Osogbo, Southwestern Nigeria.

Methods: This was a cross - sectional study, in which 200 pregnant women of reproductive age were selected using multistage sapling method.

Trace elements; copper, zinc and selenium, in breast cancer afflicted female patients in LAUTECH Osogbo, Nigeria.

Background: There is an indication of the possibility of the direct or indirect influence of trace element in the development and prevention of malignant diseases, the contribution of the trace elements in the etiology of breast cancer has been under scrutiny.

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the serum concentration of trace element in serum of female patients with breast cancer in comparison with healthy controls.

Settings: Breast Clinic of the Department of Surgery LAUTECH University teaching hospital Osogbo, in south-western Nigeria.

Perception of Societal Stigma and Discrimination Towards People Living with HIV/AIDS in Lagos, Nigeria: a Qualitative Study.

Introduction: The perception of People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHAs) on how the public feels about them could influence their willingness to seek medical care, interaction with the society and their coping strategies.

Material And Methods: This study assessed the perception and behavior of PLWHAs towards societal stigma and discrimination in Lagos, Nigeria. This was a qualitative, descriptive cross sectional study among PLWHAs from three of the three senatorial districts in Lagos State selected using simple random sampling.

Knowledge and practice of breast cancer screening among female nurses and lay women in Osogbo, Nigeria.

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among African women. Most researchers have attributed the late presentation to poor knowledge of breast cancer symptoms.

Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the relationship between knowledge and practice of breast cancer screening in two groups of women with different levels of knowledge of breast carcinoma.

Community participation in malaria control in olorunda local government area, osun state, southwestern Nigeria.

Malaria is a major health burden in developing countries and needs multiple strategies for its control. Community participation as one of the strategies for malaria control promotes self-awareness and confidence, causes the people to examine the problems and to think positively about the solutions. The study was aimed at assessing the level of community participation in malaria control in Olorunda local government area of Osogbo, Osun state, Nigeria.

Pattern of hand injuries among sawmill workers in Osogbo, Southwestern Nigeria.

Background: About one-third of all work-related injuries happen to the hands, with enormous consequences ranging from deformities to mortalities. Characterizing injuries and their trends will allow safety managers to concentrate their resources on areas of safety that will be most effective in the sawmill workplace.

Objective: The objective of the study is to assess pattern of hand injuries among sawmill workers in Osogbo, Osun state in Southwestern Nigeria.

Prevalence and determinants of anemia among primary school pupils of a peri-urban community in Osun State, Nigeria.

Unlabelled: This study was carried out to ascertain the prevalence of anemia and the determinants among primary school pupils in a peri-urban community.

Methods: The study is a descriptive cross sectional study of 141 pupils selected by a stratified sampling technique. Interviewer-administered semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect sociodemographic variables, nutritional habits among others.

Cranial computerised tomographic assessment of cerebrovascular disease in Osogbo, Nigeria.

Background: cerebrovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Nigeria. Non-contrast computerized axial tomography (CT) is the routine imaging modality of choice for acute stroke evaluation, because it is widely accessible, convenient, has a short imaging time, and is sensitive for detection of haemorrhage.

Objective: to evaluate the pattern of stroke by computerised tomography (CT) and to relate the clinical diagnosis of stroke to the radiological features.

Morbidity associated with failed vaginal birth after cesarean section.

We investigated morbidity and factors associated with failed vaginal birth after cesarean delivery (VBAC). In a retrospective cohort study maternal and neonatal outcomes of women who underwent VBAC in three Nigerian University Teaching Hospitals were reviewed. Univariate, followed by multivariate analyses, were conducted.

Foramina parietalia permagna in a Nigerian family.

Background: Enlarged parietal foramina are defects in the skull and are believed to be benign and familial and caused by variable degree of defective intramembranous ossification of the parietal bones. They are rare and asymptomatic, usually associated with ALX4 or MSX2 gene mutations and transmitted as autosomal dominant.

Objective: To highlight the importance of plain radiographs in the diagnosis of this condition and need for health education in affected families.

Sexual behavior and risk of HIV/AIDS among adolescents in public secondary schools in Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria.

Unlabelled: Young people are particularly vulnerable to unplanned sexual activities. This study sought to identify the sexual behaviors and risk of HIV among public secondary schools students in Nigeria.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 521 students in eight randomly selected public secondary schools.

Demographic profile of mothers and their utilisation of maternal health-care services in Osun State, Nigeria.

Background: The provision of prenatal care and the promotion of institutional childbirth have the potential to reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Despite this, high maternal and infant mortality is still being recorded in the developing countries and researchers still report low utilisation of maternal health care services in different communities in Nigeria.

Objective: This study examined the current level of utilisation of maternal health care in some rural and peri-urban communities of Olorunda Local Government Areas of Osun State in South Western Nigeria.

Case study: report of nine cases of posterior hip dislocations in a single accident involving a modified minibus.

Objectives: In Nigeria, owners of commercial minibuses commonly modify them by adding an extra row of seats and passengers also seat four abreast rather than the recommended three abreast. The modified minibuses carry nineteen passengers rather than the recommended twelve passengers. One such vehicle was fully occupied and had a head-on collision with a truck.

Typical and atypical presentations of congenital diaphragmatic hernia - a report of 2 cases.

Congenital diaphragmatic hernias occur through embryologic defects in the diaphragm. We present 2 cases of congenital diaphragmatic hernia, the first case was a late presentation in an 11 month old child, and the second case was an early typical presentation in a day old child, both diagnoses were made on chest radiographs. The paper is focused on the key role of the radiologist in a resource poor environment to make early diagnosis of this fatal and rare condition.

Knowledge, attitude and use of alternative medical therapy amongst urban residents of Osun State, southwestern Nigeria.

Alternate medicine which has a long history has been relegated to the background by the evolution of modern medicine. In recent times, however, alternative medical therapy has been growing in popularity and getting increasing attention and interest. This study assessed the knowledge, attitude and use by urban dwellers of alternative medical therapies.

Ultrasonic assessment in pre-operative cataract patients.

Introduction: The ability to examine the posterior segment of the eye accurately in patients with opaque media is essential to good surgical care of the cataract patient. In dense cataracts, the posterior segment is inaccessible to direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy and so adequate evaluation of posterior segment to exclude abnormalities become difficult. There is a risk of poor prognosis in eyes of patients with cataracts who may also have co-existing posterior segment abnormalities.

Tubal abnormalities on hysterosalpingography in primary and secondary infertility.

Background: Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is an imaging modality used in assessing the fallopian tubes of patients with infertility. There have been reports suggesting that tubal pathologies may be responsible for most cases of secondary infertility.

Objective: To evaluate the fallopian tube of women with infertility and to observe if there are significant differences in the tubal findings in primary and secondary infertility.

Pregnancy outcome in nulliparous women aged 35 or older.

Our objective was to examine pregnancy outcome in women age 35 and over. We compared pregnancy delivery complications in 207 women aged 35 years and older with 219 control women aged 25 - 29 years. Data was collected retrospectively and stratified by parity.

Generalised Burkitt's lymphoma involving both breasts--a case report.

Background: Burkitt's lymphoma is a disease of children age ranging 8-10 years. Lymphoma involving the breast is an unusual clinical entity, which is rarely distinguished preoperatively from other more common forms of breast cancer. The Management differs from the more typical adenocarcinoma of the breast in that the emphasis is on systemic therapy.

Fetal station at the time of labour arrest and risk of caesarean delivery.

This study aimed to determine whether an unengaged vertex in nulliparous women experiencing active phase labour-arrest increased the caesarean delivery risk. We selected a retrospective cohort of 393 patients. Of these, the presenting part was unengaged in 307, and engaged in 86.

Imperforate anus associated with oesophageal atresia and tracheo-oesophageal fistula.

This paper reports the concurrence of imperforate anus, oesophageal atresia and tracheo-esophageal fistula in a 24 hours old baby. The importance of the non-random coexistence of these anomalies is emphasised.