Differences in abortion attitudes by policy context and between men and women in the World Values Survey.

We explored whether abortion attitudes differed by respondents' sex and country-level abortion policy context. Data were collected between 2010 and 2014 from 69,901 respondents from 51 countries. Abortion attitudes were scored on a ten-point Likert scale (1 = "never justifiable"; 10 = "always justifiable").

Completing the Maternal Care Team: OB/GYN Expertise at Rural District Hospitals in Ghana, a Qualitative Study.

Introduction To provide a qualitative perspective on the changes that occurred after newly placed OB/GYNs began working at district hospitals in Ashanti, Ghana. Methods Structured interviews of healthcare professionals were conducted at eight district hospitals located throughout the Ashanti district of Ghana, four with and four without a full-time OB/GYN on staff. Individuals interviewed include: medical superintendents, medical officers, district hospital administrators, OB/GYNs (where applicable), and nurse-midwives.

Hearing the Silenced Voices of Underserved Women: The Role of Qualitative Research in Gynecologic and Reproductive Care.

In order to provide effective evidence-based health care to women, rigorous research that examines women's lived experiences in their own voices is needed. However, clinical health research has often excluded the experiences of women and minority patient populations. Further, clinical research has often relied on quantitative research strategies; this provides an interesting but limited understanding of women's health experiences and hinders the provision of effective patient-centered care.

Obesity and stress urinary incontinence in women: compromised continence mechanism or excess bladder pressure during cough?

Introduction And Hypothesis: We compared two hypotheses as to why obesity is associated with stress urinary incontinence (SUI): (1) obesity increases demand on the continence system (e.g. higher cough pressure) and (2) obesity compromises urethral function and urethrovaginal support.

Stressful Life Events Around the Time of Unplanned Pregnancy and Women's Health: Exploratory Findings from a National Sample.

Objective Little is known about how women's social context of unintended pregnancy, particularly adverse social circumstances, relates to their general health and wellbeing. We explored associations between stressful life events around the time of unintended pregnancy and physical and mental health. Methods Data are drawn from a national probability study of 1078 U.

Traction force needed to reproduce physiologically observed uterine movement: technique development, feasibility assessment, and preliminary findings.

Introduction And Hypothesis: This study aimed to describe a novel strategy to determine the traction forces needed to reproduce physiologic uterine displacement in women with and without prolapse.

Methods: Participants underwent dynamic stress magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) testing as part of a study examining apical uterine support. Physiologic uterine displacement was determined by analyzing uterine location in images taken at rest and at maximal Valsalva.

Contraception Delivery in Pediatric and Specialist Pediatric Practices.

Study Objective: To characterize pediatricians' knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy around contraception.

Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Setting: United States.

Social, Reproductive, and Attitudinal Factors Associated with U.S. Women's Disagreement with the Passage of the Affordable Care Act.

Background: Notably absent from research and public and policy dialogue on the Affordable Care Act (ACA) and reproductive health care are women's perspectives and a broader understanding of factors that shape ACA attitudes. We investigated social, reproductive, and attitudinal factors associated with women's disagreement with the passage of the ACA.

Methods: Data were drawn from the Women's Health Care Experiences and Preferences Study, our population-based internet survey of 1,078 randomly sampled United States women ages 18-55 years conducted in September 2013.

Cervical Cancer Screening, Pelvic Examinations, and Contraceptive Use Among Adolescent and Young Adult Females.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to characterize the association between pelvic examination and adolescent contraceptive method use in two time periods in the 2006-2010 National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG).

Methods: Using data from the 2006-2010 NSFG, we used descriptive statistics and multivariable regression models to examine the association between pelvic examination and/or Pap smear and use of effective or highly effective contraceptive methods during two time periods (2006-2008 and 2008-2010). We used the design characteristics of the NSFG to produce population estimates.

The long and short of it: anterior vaginal wall length before and after anterior repair.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Anterior vaginal wall length (AVL) is on average 6.1 ± 1.3 cm in women with normal support and lengthened in women with cystocele.

Left-sided sacrospinous ligament suspension for treating recurrent sigmoid neovagina prolapse.

Numerous techniques for surgical creation of a neovagina have been described for treating Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome. Sigmoid vaginoplasty is one well-described technique with satisfactory long-term outcomes. However, there are several case reports of subsequent prolapse of the sigmoid neovagina, which presents a unique challenge for surgical repair, as the associated mesentery can also be involved and is at risk during repair.

The risk of unintended pregnancy among young women with mental health symptoms.

Depression and stress have been linked with poor contraceptive behavior, but whether existing mental health symptoms influence women's subsequent risk of unintended pregnancy is unclear. We prospectively examined the effect of depression and stress symptoms on young women's pregnancy risk over one year. We used panel data from a longitudinal study of 992 U.

Young women's consistency of contraceptive use--does depression or stress matter?

Background: We prospectively examined the influence of young women's depression and stress symptoms on their weekly consistency of contraceptive method use.

Study Design: Women ages 18-20 years (n = 689) participating in a longitudinal cohort study completed weekly journals assessing reproductive, relationship and health characteristics. We used data through 12 months of follow-up (n = 8877 journals) to examine relationships between baseline depression (CES-D) and stress (PSS-10) symptoms and consistency of contraceptive methods use with sexual activity each week.

Expectant management of cystotomy at the time of midurethral sling placement: a retrospective case series.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Cystotomy is one of the most common complications of retropubic midurethral sling placement. Some centers manage cystotomy with prolonged catheter drainage, and there are few published studies evaluating this practice. The purpose of this study is to review postoperative outcomes of patients who experienced cystotomy at the time of sling placement and did not undergo prolonged catheter drainage.

Post-reduction stress urinary incontinence rates in posterior versus anterior pelvic organ prolapse: a secondary analysis.

Introduction/hypothesis: Stress incontinence with vaginal prolapse reduction is less common in women with posterior-predominant prolapse (rectocele) compared with those with anterior-predominant prolapse (cystocele).

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of a cohort of prospectively enrolled women with symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse at or beyond the hymen and prolapse-reduced stress urinary incontinence (SUI) testing. Subjects were included if they had anterior- or posterior-predominant prolapse with at least a 1 cm difference in pelvic organ prolapse quantification (POP-Q) points Ba and Bp (N = 214).

Factors associated with quality of life among women with fecal incontinence.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Fecal incontinence (FI) is a distressing, highly prevalent condition affecting quality of life (QOL). The aim of our study was to identify predictors of moderate/severe health-related QOL among women with FI.

Methods: Data were collected from women presenting to a multispecialty clinic from January 2005 to July 2009 with FI.

Early hospital discharge of infants born to group B streptococci-positive mothers: a decision analysis.

Objective: To compare the cost-effectiveness of an additional 24-hour inpatient observation for asymptomatic term neonates born to group B streptococcus (GBS)-colonised mothers with adequate intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) after an initial 24-hour in-hospital observation.

Design: Cost-effectiveness analysis from a societal perspective.

Setting: United States.

Dynamics of stigma in abortion work: findings from a pilot study of the Providers Share Workshop.

Abortion is highly stigmatized in the United States. The consequences of stigma for abortion providers are not well understood, nor are there published accounts of tools to assess or alleviate its burdens. We designed The Providers Share Workshop to address this gap.

Lack of HPV 16 and 18 detection in serum of colposcopy clinic patients.

Background: Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types is necessary for the development of high-grade cervical dysplasia and cervical carcinoma. The presence of HPV DNA in the blood of cervical cancer patients has been reported; however, whether HPV DNA is detectable in the blood of patients with pre-invasive cervical disease is unclear.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to determine if HPV 16 and HPV 18 DNA could be detected in the serum of colposcopy clinic patients, and if serum HPV detection was associated with grade of cervical disease and HPV cofactors.

Perioperative venous thromboembolism and antibiotic prophylaxis in obstetrics and gynecology.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) and surgical site infection are common and potentially preventable postoperative complications. National patient safety and healthcare quality initiatives target perioperative VTE and infection as opportunities to improve patient care and reduce healthcare costs. Women undergoing gynecologic surgery and cesarean delivery are at risk for these complications.

Medication safety in obstetrics and gynecology.

The safe prescribing, use, administration, and monitoring of medications are an important component of patient safety efforts and are of particular importance to the obstetrician/gynecologist. Safe use of medications requires a team-based approach focused on medication safety with effective 2-way communication, use of technology to prevent and identify errors, diligent monitoring of the medication's effects on the patient, and use of standardized protocols to decrease the likelihood of a medication error.