Hepatoprotective effects of phytochemicals and plant extracts against chemotherapy-induced liver damage in animal models: a systematic review.

Chemotherapy, a cornerstone of cancer treatment, is frequently marred by its hepatotoxic effects, which can significantly impede therapeutic efficacy. This systematic review meticulously evaluates the hepatoprotective properties of phytochemicals and plant extracts against chemotherapy-induced liver damage, primarily in experimental animal models. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, an exhaustive search was conducted across databases like SCOPUS, PubMed, and Web of Science, culminating in the inclusion of 61 pertinent studies.

Unlocking the Potential of Carrier Mediated Nano-biomedicine in Management of Diabetes Mellitus: A Review.

Diabetes is a medical condition that belongs to the group of chronic diseases that affect how the body processes glucose, the primary source of energy for cells. Glucose comes indirectly from the consumed food and is carried by bloodstream to various cells in the body. Insulin, a hormone synthesized by the pancreas plays a vital role in the conversion of glucose to energy.

Advancing the Battle against Cystic Fibrosis: Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Insights.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a hereditary disorder characterized by mutations in the CFTR gene, leading to impaired chloride ion transport and subsequent thickening of mucus in various organs, particularly the lungs. Despite significant progress in CF management, current treatments focus mainly on symptom relief and do not address the underlying genetic defects. Stem cell and gene therapies present promising avenues for tackling CF at its root cause.

Development of validated HPTLC methods for determination of triterpenoids and flavan-3-ols in leaf and stembark of Dubard.

Dubard is a highly reputed medicinal plant of Ayurveda. In the current study, High-performance Thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) techniques were established for the analysis of triterpenoids like lupeol (LU), betulinic acid (BA), epimeric flavan-3-ols (+)-catechin (CA), and (-)-epicatechin (ECA), in its leaf and stembark. HPTLC separation was performed using petroleum ether: ethyl acetate: toluene: formic acid (7:2:1:0.

A review on essential oils: A potential tonic for mental wellbeing in the aging population?

Mental wellbeing is crucial to a good quality of life. With progression in life, mental health can deteriorate, leading to multiple disorders, such as depression, anxiety, stress, and insomnia. Essential oils, from various sources, have a long history of use in aromatherapy.

Inflammation: The Cause of All Diseases.

Inflammation is an essential biological process that serves as the body's first line of defence against harmful stimuli, including pathogens, damaged cells, and irritants [...

Roflumilast mitigates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by regulating TNF-α/TNFR1/TNFR2/Fas/Caspase mediated apoptosis and inflammatory signals.

Purpose: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of roflumilast on modulating TNF-α/Caspase mediated cellular signals in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.

Methods: The rats (Male Wistar) were divided into five groups: normal control, disease control (cisplatin: 7 mg/kg i.p.

Harnessing Oil for Enhanced Skin Wound Healing: The Role of Reactive Oxygen Species Regulation.

emerges as a noteworthy candidate for its medicinal potential, particularly in wound healing. This review article explores the efficacy of cannabis oil in reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) during the healing of acute and chronic wounds, comparing it to the standard treatments. ROS, produced from various internal and external sources, play a crucial role in wound development by causing cell and tissue damage.

Exploring in vivo and in vitro models for heart failure with biomarker insights: a review.

Background: Heart failure (HF) is a condition characterized by the heart's inability to meet the body's demands, resulting in various complications. Two primary types of HF exist, namely HF with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and HF reduced with LVEF. The progression of HF involves compensatory mechanisms such as cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and alterations in gene expression.

Development and in vitro-in vivo evaluation of ocular insert containing ketorolac tromethamine and moxifloxacin hydrochloride.

Purpose: Conjunctivitis is a common eye disorder that causes swelling and inflammation of the conjunctiva. Topical dosage form containing antibiotics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed for the treatment and in order to overcome problems of conventional dosage forms the present study aims to develop an ocular insert containing moxifloxacin HCl and ketorolac tromethamine.

Methods: Insert was prepared by a solvent casting method by taking different polymers PVA, PVP K-30, and a combination of both as film-forming polymer, and glycerol as a plasticizer and characterized by various parameters like thickness, folding endurance, pH, swelling index, drug content, mechanical properties, in vitro and in vivo release study.

HPTLC method to support formulation development and quality control of the tablets prepared from fruit extracts of .

Alcoholic extract of fruits of is reported to have antihypertensive activity, significantly due to presence of alkaloids like piperine, piperlongumine, piperlonguminine and pipernonaline. A sensitive and specific HPTLC method was developed and validated for simultaneous estimation of piperine, piperlongumine and piperlonguminine in fruit extracts with a purpose to provide the analytical support during the development of formulation as well as to serve as a quality control tool for optimised formulation. Developed method was validated with respect to ICH (International Council for Harmonisation) Q2(R1) and found to be accurate, precise, sensitive, specific and robust for estimation of piperine, piperlongumine and piperlonguminine.

A Buffered Local Anesthetic Without Epinephrine: Development, Characterization, and In Vivo Efficacy and Toxicity Analysis.

Lidocaine hydrochloride (HCl) 2% with 1:100,000 epinephrine (LW/E) is widely used to prevent pain during dental procedures and has been associated with injection sting, jittering effects, slow onset, and a bitter aftertaste. Since LW/E's introduction in 1948, no significant modifications have been proposed. This study aims to design and characterize an improved dental lidocaine HCl injectable formulation without epinephrine (LW/O/E) via buffers, sweeteners, and amino acids.

Design and optimization of acetazolamide nanoparticle-laden contact lens using statistical experimental design for controlled ocular drug delivery.

This study aims to formulate and evaluate Eudragit nanoparticles-laden hydrogel contact lenses for controlled delivery of acetazolamide (ACZ) using experimental design. Eudragit S-100 was selected for the preparation of nanoparticles. The optimization of Eudragit S100 concentration (X1), polyvinyl alcohol concentration (X2), and the sonication time (X3) was attempted by applying a central composite experimental design.

The Role of Dietary Anthocyanins for Managing Diabetes Mellitus-Associated Complications.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an intricate metabolic disorder marked by persistent hyperglycemia, arising from disruptions in glucose metabolism, with two main forms, type 1 and type 2, involving distinct etiologies affecting β-cell destruction or insulin levels and sensitivity. The islets of Langerhans, particularly β-cells and α-cells, play a pivotal role in glucose regulation, and both DM types lead to severe complications, including retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. Plant-derived anthocyanins, rich in anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, show promise in mitigating DM-related complications, providing a potential avenue for prevention and treatment.

From diabetes to diverse domains: the multifaceted roles of GLP-1 receptor agonists.

Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) emerged as a primary treatment for type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), however, their multifaceted effects on various target organs beyond glycemic control opened a new era of treatment. We conducted a comprehensive literature search using databases including Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library to identify clinical, in-vivo, and in-vitro studies focusing on the diverse effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists. Eligible studies were selected based on their relevance to the varied roles of GLP-1RAs in T2DM management and their impact on other physiological functions.

Diltiazem Hydrochloride Floating Matrix Tablet: Formulation and Evaluation.

Background: Diltiazem hydrochloride is a calcium channel-blocker with a plasma elimination half-life of 4.4 ± 1.3 h and has a narrow absorption window.

Biogenic metallic nanoparticles: from green synthesis to clinical translation.

Biogenic metallic nanoparticles (NPs) have garnered significant attention in recent years due to their unique properties and various applications in different fields. NPs, including gold, silver, zinc oxide, copper, titanium, and magnesium oxide NPs, have attracted considerable interest. Green synthesis approaches, utilizing natural products, offer advantages such as sustainability and environmental friendliness.

The delivery of N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) self-amplifying mRNA via modified lipid nanoparticles as a potential treatment for drug-resistant and metastatic cancers.

The protein, N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2 (NDRG2), a tumor suppressor, is significantly decreased or absent in many types of cancer. There is a significant negative correlation between the levels of NDRG2 and the development and progression of cancer tumor recurrence and tumor invasion, in different cancers. In contrast, the and overexpression of the NDRG2 protein decreases the proliferation, growth, adhesion and migration of many types of cancer cells.

Exploring the Potential of Antibody-Drug Conjugates in Targeting Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Biomarkers.

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), combining the cytotoxicity of the drug payload with the specificity of monoclonal antibodies, are one of the rapidly evolving classes of anti-cancer agents. These agents have been successfully incorporated into the treatment paradigm of many malignancies, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The NSCLC is the most prevalent subtype of lung cancer, having a considerable burden on the cancer-related mortality and morbidity rates globally.

Polycystic ovary syndrome: Insights into its prevalence, diagnosis, and management with special reference to gut microbial dysbiosis.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) represents major endocrine and metabolic disorder among women largely characterized by hyperandrogenism and oligomenorrhea precipitates serious complications such as type 2 diabetes, early atherosclerosis, infertility, and endometrial cancer. Several etiological theories were proposed to define the exact cause of the PCOS, which is characterized, by the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, ovarian morphology, and release of adrenal steroid hormones, metabolic syndrome, and hereditary factors. The review explored the role of dysbiosis and the mechanisms through which microbial dysbiosis can affect PCOS development.