First record of the soldier fly genus Latreille (Diptera, Stratiomyidae) from Korea, with designation of two new synonyms.

Background: The soldier fly subfamily Beridinae in the family Stratiomyidae contains approximately 280 known species, these being distributed across nearly all biogeographical regions with the exception of the polar regions. On the Korean Peninsula, the species diversity of this subfamily has been poorly examined to date, as is reflected in the National species list of Korea by the National Institute of Biological Resources.

New Information: In this paper, the soldier fly genus Latreille is reported for the first time from Korea, based on observations of the following three species: Meigen, 1820, Pleske, 1930 and Ôuchi, 1943.

Synthesis and characterization of silica gel from Lapindo volcanic mud with ethanol as a cosolvent for desiccant applications.

Lapindo mud (LM) is a volcanic mud from a natural disaster that occurred 16 years ago in Sidoarjo District, East Java, Indonesia. The high amount of silica in the local materials of LM has been extracted for silica gel synthesis hydrometallurgy methods, followed by sol-gel methods. The presence of ethanol in the synthesis process generated a unique textural property at different ratios between ethanol and sodium silicate (e/ss).

Catalytic performance of tridentate bidentate Co(ii) complexes supported by Schiff base ligands in vinyl addition polymerization of norbornene.

A series of Co(ii) complexes supported by Schiff base ligands, L-L, where L, L, and L are ()-3-methoxy--(quinolin-2-ylmethylene)propan-1-amine, ()- , -dimethyl- -(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)ethane-1,2-diamine, and ()- , -dimethyl- -(thiophen-2-ylmethylene)ethane-1,2-diamine, respectively, were designed and synthesized. Structural studies revealed a distorted trigonal bipyramidal geometry for [LCoCl] and a distorted tetrahedral geometry for [LCoCl]. After activation with modified methyl aluminoxane (MMAO), all the Co(ii) complexes catalyzed the polymerization of norbornene (NB) to yield vinyl-type polynorbornenes (PNBs) with activities of up to 4.

mutation causes low leaf temperature under various abiotic stresses in .

Stomata are microscopic pores on epidermal cells of leaves and stems that regulate water loss and gas exchange between the plant and its environment. Constitutive photomorphogenic 1 (COP1) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that is involved in plant growth and development and multiple abiotic stress responses by regulating the stability of various target proteins. However, little is known about how COP1 controls stomatal aperture and leaf temperature under various environmental conditions.

Next-generation sequencing-based analysis to assess the pattern of relapse in patients with Philadelphia-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

In this study, we performed serial monitoring using targeted DNA sequencing to identify genetic alterations in adults with Philadelphia-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph-ALL). Deep sequencing was performed by targeting the coding regions of 45 genes with recurrent driver mutations and 1129 single nucleotide polymorphism sites. Of the 43 patients that we examined, at least one case of genetic alterations was detected in 38 (88%) of the 43 patients at diagnosis (somatic mutations in 10 patients [23%] and copy number aberrations [CNA] in 36 patients [84%]).

User-demand fast-curable ocular glues enforced by multilength tunable networks.

Achieving fast and secure wound closure without ocular foreign body sensation is highly desired in ophthalmologic surgery. Sutureless approaches using tissue adhesives are gaining popularity, but their practical use is limited by the difficulty in controlling adhesion time and satisfying safety standards without compromising adhesive performance. Herein, we report user-demand hydrogel-forming ocular glues based on multilength photo-crosslinkable hyaluronic acid (HA), achieving firm tissue adhesion under wet and dynamic conditions and possessing cornea-like optical transparency.

Emissions of Tetrafluoromethane (CF) and Hexafluoroethane (CF) From East Asia: 2008 to 2019.

The perfluorocarbons (PFCs), tetrafluoromethane (CF) and hexafluoroethane (CF), are potent greenhouse gases with very long atmospheric lifetimes. They are emitted almost entirely from industrial sources, including the aluminum and rare earth metal smelting industries that emit them as by-products, and the semiconductor and flat panel display manufacturing industries that use them and vent unutilized amounts to the atmosphere. Despite extensive industrial efforts to quantify and curb these emissions, "top-down" PFC emission estimates derived from atmospheric measurements continue to rise and are significantly greater than reported process- and inventory-based "bottom-up" emissions.

Optical anticounterfeiting photonic bilayer film based on handedness of solid-state helicoidal structure.

Anticounterfeiting photonic bilayer films were fabricated by sandwiching two solid-state cholesteric liquid crystal films having different handedness. The fabricated photonic bilayer films were successfully applied to patterning by selective photopolymerization. This photonic bilayer film as a new cryptographic technology is of interest for its anticounterfeiting application.

One-pot synthesis for gradient copolymers concurrent tandem living radical polymerization: mild and selective transesterification of methyl acrylate through Al(acac) with common alcohols.

A series of gradient copolymers were synthesized by the ruthenium-catalyzed living radical polymerization (LRP) of methyl acrylate (MA) and aliphatic alcohols using aluminum acetylacetonate Al(acac). In this polymerization system, Al(acac) was successfully used not only as an additive for the Ru-catalyzed LRP but also as a catalyst for the selective transesterification of an unsaturated ester monomer in mild conditions in a process known as concurrent tandem living radical polymerization. The resulting MA-based gradient copolymers showed well-controlled molecular weight and distribution in a one-pot reaction and exhibited a well-controlled gradient sequence in their polymer chain.

Low-temperature solution-processed SnO electron transport layer modified by oxygen plasma for planar perovskite solar cells.

SnO has attracted significant attention as an electron transport layer (ETL) because of its wide optical bandgap, electron mobility, and transparency. However, the annealing temperature of 180 °C-200 °C, as reported by several studies, for the fabrication of SnO ETL limits its application for flexible devices. Herein, we demonstrated that the low-temperature deposition of SnO ETL and further surface modification with oxygen plasma enhances its efficiency from 2.

Magnetic polymer bowl for enhanced catalytic activity and recyclability.

This work introduces the fabrication of a magnetic polymer bowl for enhanced catalytic activity and recyclability, which involves the synthesis of silica-coated FeO magnetic clusters, seeded dispersion polymerization using the magnetic clusters, and transformation into a bowl-like structure a phase separation route. The additional treatment with tannic acid (TA) on the bowls allows the formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on their surfaces. The openness and larger surface area of the bowls, as compared with those of other structured particles, such as spheres and flowers, enable a considerably higher immobilization of AgNPs, thus leading to an excellent catalytic reduction for 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), methylene blue (MB), and rhodamine B.

Characterization of optical manipulation using microlens arrays depending on the materials and sizes in organic photovoltaics.

Various physical structures have improved light-harvesting and power-conversion efficiency in organic photovoltaic devices, and optical simulations have supported the improvement of device characteristics. Herein, we experimentally investigated how microlens arrays manipulate light propagation in microlens films and material stacks for organic photovoltaics to understand the influence of the constituent materials and sizes of the microlens. As materials to fabricate a microlens array, poly(dimethylsiloxane) and Norland Optical Adhesive 63 were adopted.

Reconciling models of interfacial state kinetics and device performance in organic solar cells: impact of the energy offsets on the power conversion efficiency.

Achieving the simultaneous increases in the open circuit voltage ( ), short circuit current ( ) and fill factor (FF) necessary to further increase the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic photovoltaics (OPV) requires a unified understanding of how molecular and device parameters affect all three characteristics. In this contribution, we introduce a framework that for the first time combines different models that have been used separately to describe the different steps of the charge generation and collection processes in OPV devices: a semi-classical rate model for charge recombination processes in OPV devices, zero-dimensional kinetic models for the photogeneration process and exciton dissociation and one-dimensional semiconductor device models. Using this unified multi-scale model in conjunction with experimental techniques (time-resolved absorption spectroscopy, steady-state and transient optoelectronic measurements) that probe the various steps involved in charge generation we can shed light on how the energy offsets in a series of polymer: non-fullerene devices affect the charge carrier generation, collection, and recombination properties of the devices.

Development of Spinal Tuberculosis in an Adolescent With Crohn's Disease After Infliximab Therapy: A Case Report With Literature Review.

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) spondylitis, also known as Pott's disease, is a severe form of extrapulmonary TB. Infliximab treatment for Crohn's disease (CD) patients increases the risk of TB, and is likely to increase the risk of TB spondylitis as well.

Case Presentation: We report a rare case of TB spondylitis development in a 16-year-old female with CD.

Safety evaluation of IDCC 2301 isolated from homemade cheese.

For applications of microorganisms as probiotics in the food industry, safety evaluation has increasingly become important to ensure the health of consumers. Although people have been using various lactic acid bacteria for different purposes, some studies have reported that certain lactic acid bacteria exhibit properties of virulence and produce toxic compounds. Thus, it is necessary to examine the characteristics associated with lactic acid bacteria that are safe for use as probiotics.

A comprehensive phylogeography of the widespread pond snail genus revealed restricted colonization due to niche conservatism.

To clarify the effect of niche conservatism on evolutionary history, we focused on freshwater snails, which have different ecological and phylogenetic properties from previously tested taxa. We conducted a phylogenetic analysis using 750 lymnaeid individuals from 357 sites of eleven species. Then, we estimated the ancestral distribution using the geographic coordinates and colonization routes.

A case of paroxysmal complete atrioventricular block in a COVID-19 patient.

Many types of cardiac arrhythmias can occur in people with COVID-19, and these arrhythmias can affect the patient's outcomes. We have experienced paroxysmal complete atrioventricular block in a patient with COVID-19 and would like to share the course of treatment.

Evolutionary exploration of polytypism in lead halide perovskites.

The regular ABX cubic perovskite structure is composed of close-packed AX layers stacked along the 〈111〉 axis. An equivalent hexagonal close-packed network can also be formed, in addition to a series of intermediate polytype sequences. Internally, these correspond to combinations of face- and corner-sharing octahedral chains that can dramatically alter the physical properties of the material.

Prediction Model for Tumor Budding Status Using the Radiomic Features of F-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in Cervical Cancer.

Objective: To compare the radiomic features of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F-FDG PET/CT) and intratumoral heterogeneity according to tumor budding (TB) status and to develop a prediction model for the TB status using the radiomic feature of F-FDG PET/CT in patients with cervical cancer.

Materials And Methods: Seventy-six patients with cervical cancer who underwent radical hysterectomy and preoperative F-FDG PET/CT were included. We assessed the status of intratumoral budding (ITP) and peritumoral budding (PTB) in all available hematoxylin and eosin-stained specimens.

Identification of protein related to dietary vitamin B deficiency in Mediterranean fruit fly larvae.

Mediterranean fruit fly (medfly), , is among the most destructive agricultural pest. The sterile insect technique (SIT) can effectively control medfly populations. To rear healthy medflies for the purpose of SIT, it is essential to supplement B vitamins in the diet.

Costunolide suppresses melanoma growth via the AKT/mTOR pathway and .

Melanoma is the most common type of skin cancer and its incidence is rapidly increasing. AKT, and its related signaling pathways, are highly activated in many cancers including lung, colon, and esophageal cancers. Costunolide (CTD) is a sesquiterpene lactone that has been reported to possess neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties.

Unfolded Protein Corona Surrounding Nanotubes Influence the Innate and Adaptive Immune System.

The plasma proteins around nanoparticles (NPs) form an outer protein corona, significantly influencing the subsequent immune response. However, it was uncertain whether the protein corona around NPs influences immune response. This study clarified that the immune response mediated by the protein corona is greatly dependent on the type of plasma proteins surrounding the NPs.

The Insect database in Dokdo, Korea: An updated version in 2020.

Background: Dokdo, a group of islands near the East Coast of South Korea, comprises 89 small islands. These volcanic islands were created by an eruption that also led to the formation of the Ulleungdo Islands (located in the East Sea), which are approximately 87.525 km away from Dokdo.

Correction: Hydrogen production by electrochemical reaction using ethylene glycol with terephthalic acid.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D0RA10187G.].

Hydrogen production by electrochemical reaction using ethylene glycol with terephthalic acid.

In this study, ethylene glycol (EG) and terephthalic acid (TPA) were used to generate hydrogen using copper electrodes in an alkaline aqueous solution and the corresponding reaction mechanism was experimentally investigated. Both EG and TPA produced hydrogen; however, TPA consumed OH, inhibiting the production of intermediary compounds of EG and causing EG to actively react with HO, ultimately leading to enhanced hydrogen production. In addition, the initiation potential of water decomposition of the EG and TPA alkaline aqueous solution was 1.