Greater Knee Rotatory Instability After Posterior Meniscocapsular Injury Versus Anterolateral Ligament Injury: A Proposed Mechanism of High-Grade Pivot Shift.

Background: For anterolateral rotatory instability as a result of secondary soft tissue injuries in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-deficient knees, there is increasing interest in secondary stabilizers to prevent internal rotation (IR) of the tibia.

Purpose: To determine which secondary stabilizer is more important in anterolateral rotatory instability in ACL-deficient knees.

Study Design: Controlled laboratory study.

How to Perform Concomitant Medial Meniscus Pull-Out Repair With Medial Open-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy Without Technical Failure.

Varus alignment of the knee joint (varus >5°) is known as a poor prognostic factor for medial meniscus root repair, and alignment correction is recommended in patients with varus deformity and medial meniscus root tears. However, simultaneous medial meniscus pull-out repair and high tibial osteotomy are technically demanding procedures due to the long surgical time, poor visualization, and breaking of the pull-out sutures during high tibial osteotomy procedures. In the present Technical Note, we will introduce a surgical method to perform 2 procedures simultaneously without technical difficulty.

Integrin alpha 6 as a stemness driver is a novel promising target for HPV (+) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Although the incidence rates of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) associated with human papilloma virus (HPV) infection have recently been on the rise, the underlying mechanism of its tumorigenesis remains largely unknown. Here, we investigated whether HNSCC cells with high expression of integrin alpha 6 (ITGα6), one of the HPV receptors, have a preference during HPV infection. In addition, we examined the gain or loss of function of the ITGα6 gene in HPV + ve HNSCC cells, as well as its prognostic value in patients with HNSCC.

Development of a Clinical and Genetic Prediction Model for Early Intestinal Resection in Patients with Crohn's Disease: Results from the IMPACT Study.

Early intestinal resection in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) is necessary due to a severe and complicating disease course. Herein, we aim to predict which patients with CD need early intestinal resection within 3 years of diagnosis, according to a tree-based machine learning technique. The single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotype data for 337 CD patients recruited from 15 hospitals were typed using the Korea Biobank Array.

Role of microsurgery for treatment of posterior circulation aneurysms in the endovascular era.

Objective: Several studies have reported that the outcomes of endovascular treatment were superior to those of microsurgical treatment for posterior circulation aneurysms. Thus, this study compared outcomes of endovascular and microsurgical treatment for posterior circulation aneurysms and assess the usefulness of microsurgery in these patients.

Methods: Outcomes were retrospectively evaluated after endovascular and microsurgical treatment of 621 posterior circulation aneurysms.

Comparison of Focal and Conventional Verteporfin Photodynamic Therapy for Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of focal verteporfin photodynamic therapy (PDT) in patients diagnosed with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).

Methods: This study enrolled 52 eyes of 52 patients with chronic CSC who had received verteporfin PDT. The laser spot size of 26 eyes covering only the localized hyperfluorescent area in indocyanine green angiography was classified as focal PDT.

Clinical use of anti-DFS70 autoantibodies.

The dense fine speckled (DFS) nuclear pattern is one of the most common indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) patterns detected during routine anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) screening. There is a negative association between anti-DFS70 status and systemic autoimmune rheumatic disease (SARD), especially in the absence of concomitant SARD-specific autoantibodies. The purpose of this study was to determine the need for confirming anti-DFS70 status when a DFS pattern is observed in IIF-ANA.

Target achievement with maximal statin-based lipid-lowering therapy in Korean patients with familial hypercholesterolemia: A study supported by the Korean Society of Lipid and Atherosclerosis.

Background: Data on treatment results of lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) in familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) are limited, particularly in Asian patients.

Hypothesis: We sought to evaluate the target achievement rate and associated variables in Korean patients with FH after maximal statin-based LLT.

Methods: We enrolled 146 patients with heterozygous FH, and 90 patients were finally analyzed.

Association of circulating dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 levels with osteoporotic fracture in postmenopausal women.

Unlabelled: Postmenopausal women with osteoporotic fracture (OF) had higher plasma dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 (DPP4) levels than those without. Furthermore, higher plasma DPP4 levels were significantly associated with higher bone turnover and a higher prevalence of OF. These results indicated that DPP4 may be associated with OF by mediating bone turnover rate.

Analysis of Korean acne patients according to age groups based on two multicenter studies.

Along with increasing public concerns on acne and its complications, increasing treatment options seem to lead more acne patients to clinics globally, including Korea. The aim of the present study was to investigate the number and distribution of acne patients according to age group by analyzing number and age of outpatients from several general hospitals in Korea. Two retrospective multicenter studies including 14 general hospitals for a maximum of 10 years were conducted by medical chart review of acne patients.

Evaluation of IL-2, IL-10, IL-17 and IP-10 as potent discriminative markers for active tuberculosis among pulmonary tuberculosis suspects.

Introduction: Although interferon gamma release assays (IGRAs) are useful for specifically detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis, they are limited by their inability to differentiate between active tuberculosis (active TB), latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), and patients with prior TB infection. The purpose of this study was to rapidly and accurately identify active TB patients among patients with suspected respiratory TB by combining interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) with additional cytokines.

Materials And Methods: The present study was conducted on patients who required TB screening to discern active TB due to respiratory complaints.

The Difference in Heart Rate Change between Temporal and Frontal Lobe Seizures during Peri-ictal Period.

Background And Purpose: Heart rate (HR) change is easily seen in seizures. Tachycardia is frequently seen in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), rather than extra temporal lobe epilepsy (XTLE). We report the difference in the HR pattern between TLE and frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE) during peri-ictal period.

Decreased Plasma Levels of Sclerostin But Not Dickkopf-1 are Associated with an Increased Prevalence of Osteoporotic Fracture and Lower Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Korean Women.

Although sclerostin (SOST) and Dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK1) are major regulators in bone metabolism, their associations with osteoporotic fracture (OF) in Asians are inconclusive. Furthermore, there have been no clinical studies separately considering non-vertebral and vertebral fractures in terms of the blood levels of SOST and DKK1. Among 513 consecutive postmenopausal Korean women, we identified 103 cases defined as subjects with OF (i.

Clinical features of familial hypercholesterolemia in Korea: Predictors of pathogenic mutations and coronary artery disease - A study supported by the Korean Society of Lipidology and Atherosclerosis.

Background: Proper screening and diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is of critical importance for cardiovascular prevention. However, the clinical diagnosis of FH remains difficult partly because its phenotype can vary between different ethnicities. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical features and the best diagnostic approach in Korean FH patients.

Plasma periostin associates significantly with non-vertebral but not vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women: Clinical evidence for the different effects of periostin depending on the skeletal site.

Background: Periostin is preferentially expressed by the periosteum, which mainly covers the long bones. Therefore, the role of periostin in osteoporotic fracture (OF) may differ depending on bone type. We performed a case-control study to investigate whether periostin can serve as a predictor of OF risk, particularly after dividing OFs into non-vertebral and vertebral fractures.

3-Benzamides and 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl amines as calcium channel blockers.

T- and N-type calcium channels have known for relating to therapy of neuropathic pain which is chronic, debilitating pain state. Neuropathic pain is caused by damage of the somatosensory system. It may be associated with abnormal sensations and pain produced by normally non-painful stimuli (allodynia).

Evaluation of polygenic cause in Korean patients with familial hypercholesterolemia - A study supported by Korean Society of Lipidology and Atherosclerosis.

Background/objective: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutations in LDLR, APOB, or PCSK9. Polygenicity is a plausible cause in mutation-negative FH patients based on LDL cholesterol (LDL-C)-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified by the Global Lipids Genetics Consortium (GLGC). However, there are limited data regarding the polygenic cause of FH in Asians.

Multiple looping technique for tibial fixation in posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using free tendon Achilles allograft.

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate case series outcomes of a new tibial fixation technique using a free tendon graft during posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction which is less affected by tibial metaphysis bone density.

Methods: Thirty-two subjects underwent single-bundle PCL reconstruction using a free tendon Achilles allograft. The graft was looped to be double stranded.

Multiple Looping Technique for Tibial Fixation in Posterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction of the Knee.

The outcomes of posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction may be negatively affected by insufficient tibial tunnel fixation due to relatively lower bone density of the proximal tibia. We introduce a new technique of tibial fixation for posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using free tendon Achilles allograft that is less affected by the bone density of the tibial metaphysis.

Genetic testing of Korean familial hypercholesterolemia using whole-exome sequencing.

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic disorder with an increased risk of early-onset coronary artery disease. Although some clinically diagnosed FH cases are caused by mutations in LDLR, APOB, or PCSK9, mutation detection rates and profiles can vary across ethnic groups. In this study, we aimed to provide insight into the spectrum of FH-causing mutations in Koreans.

Can an exercise bicycle be safely used in the epilepsy monitoring unit?: An exercise method to provoke epileptic seizures and the related safety issues.

Background And Purpose: Long-term videoelectroencephalogram (video-EEG) monitoring is performed to diagnose an epileptic seizure and to investigate the differential diagnosis of paroxysmal events. To provoke an epileptic seizure, an exercise method is performed in some cases during long-term video-EEG recording in the epilepsy monitoring unit (EMU). The purpose of this study was two-fold: to assess the frequency and severity of adverse events associated with the use of an exercise bicycle and to find a way to safely use it in the EMU.

Re-tensioning technique to cover the graft with remnant in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

A number of remnant-preserving techniques to restore proprioceptive function in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction have been described. However, they might not cover the significant amount of the graft with the synovium of the remnant in many cases. We introduce a simple technique that can cover nearly the entire graft with the synovium by re-tensioning the remnant, which might enhance synovialization of the graft and restoration of proprioception.

Cognitive and psychosocial effects of oxcarbazepine monotherapy in newly diagnosed partial epilepsy.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the effects of oxcarbazepine (OXC) on cognition and psychosocial difficulties in patients with new-onset partial epilepsy.

Methods: Cognitive and psychosocial assessments were performed before and after 6 to 12 months of OXC monotherapy in 52 drug-naive patients (25 women; mean age, 31.1 years; SD, 12.