Clinical Utility of Serial Circulating Tumor DNA Analysis as a Minimally Invasive Biomarker in Advanced Urothelial Cancer.

Purpose: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis is an alternative to tissue biopsy for genotyping in various cancers. We aimed to establish a plasma ctDNA sequencing assay, then evaluate its clinical utility in advanced urothelial cancer (UC).

Materials And Methods: This study included 82 patients with muscle-invasive or metastatic UC.

Efficacy and Tolerability of Olaparib Plus Paclitaxel in Patients with Gastric Cancer Associated with Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer.

, a gram-negative, flagellated, helical bacterium, is a common cause of chronic gastric infection worldwide. According to the World Health Organization, infection, a specific carcinogenic factor, was the leading cause of gastric cancer (GC) in 2014 worldwide (80%). infection causes GC in >98% of patients in East Asian countries, including Japan.

Progressive T1 high-intensity plaques in carotid stenosis: Comparative MRI analyses in asymptomatic and symptomatic phases of low-grade stenosis.

Background And Purpose: Carotid artery stenosis, particularly the progression from asymptomatic to symptomatic lesions, is a key factor in cerebrovascular events. This study identifies predictors of symptom development in low-grade carotid stenosis (<50%), focusing on intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) and dynamic plaque changes.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective study analyzing 30 cases of symptomatic low-grade carotid stenosis, using carotid MRI before and after symptom onset.

Hereditary Gastric Cancer Is Linked With Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer.

Background: (), a bacterium which chronically infects the stomach of approximately half the world's population, is a risk factor for the development of gastric cancer (GC). However, the underlying mechanism whereby infection induces GC development remains unclear. Intermittent injection of the cytotoxin-associated gene A antigen (CagA) protein into its host cell inhibits nuclear translocation of BRCA1/BRCA2, DNA repair proteins involved in the development of breast cancer/ovarian cancer.

Regional Variation in End-of-life Care Just Before Death Among the Oldest Old in Japan: A Descriptive Study.

Background: The use of life-sustaining treatment (LST) in the final stage of life is a major policy concern due to increased costs, while its intensity does not correlate with quality. Previous reports have shown declining trends in LST use in Japan. However, regional practice variations remain unclear.

Myofiber-type-dependent 'boulder' or 'multitudinous pebble' formations across distinct amylopectinoses.

At least five enzymes including three E3 ubiquitin ligases are dedicated to glycogen's spherical structure. Absence of any reverts glycogen to a structure resembling amylopectin of the plant kingdom. This amylopectinosis (polyglucosan body formation) causes fatal neurological diseases including adult polyglucosan body disease (APBD) due to glycogen branching enzyme deficiency, Lafora disease (LD) due to deficiencies of the laforin glycogen phosphatase or the malin E3 ubiquitin ligase and type 1 polyglucosan body myopathy (PGBM1) due to RBCK1 E3 ubiquitin ligase deficiency.

EFFECT OF RBD MUTATIONS IN SPIKE GLYCOPROTEIN OF SARS-COV-2 ON NEUTRALIZING IGG AFFINITY.

Certain mutant strains of SARS-CoV-2 are known to spread widely among humans, including the receptor binding domain (RBD) mutant, Y453F, from farmed minks, and the RBD mutant, N501Y, a mutation common to three major SARS-CoV-2 subvariants (B.1.1.

Familial Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Associated with Zebra-like Pigmentation.

According to clinical studies, gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are predominantly sporadic. GISTs associated with familial syndromes are very rare, and most patients exhibit wild-type KIT and platelet-derived growth factor alpha (PDGFRA). To date, GISTs associated with germline pathogenic variants have been observed in only 30 kindreds worldwide.

Trend and characteristics of minimally invasive surgery for patients with endometrial cancer in Japan.

Objective: Owing to the potential benefits of minimally invasive hysterectomy for endometrial cancer, the practice pattern has recently shifted in Japan. This study examined the trends in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) in patients with endometrial cancer in Japan.

Methods: This retrospective observational study examined the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology Tumor Registry database between 2015-2019.

Characteristic of Concurrent Uterine Lipoleiomyoma and Hemangioma by Algorithm of Candidate Biomarkers for Uterine Mesenchymal Tumor.

(1) Background/Aim: In clinical practice, uterine lipoleiomyomas are variants of uterine leiomyomas that are often found incidentally and do not require surgical treatment unless the patient is symptomatic. Therefore, these should be clinically differentiated from lesions that need surgical treatment. Conversely, hemangiomas, or blood vessel benign tumors, rarely develop in the uterus; however, many clinical complications such as abdominal pain and excessive vaginal bleeding result from a uterine hemangioma.

Clinical features and long-term outcomes of symptomatic low-grade carotid stenosis.

Objective: In symptomatic low-grade stenosis, most of the reports did not clarify the long-term outcome. This study aims to clarify the clinical features and long-term outcomes of symptomatic low-grade stenosis cases.

Materials And Methods: We included 123 symptomatic patients with low-grade (<50%) carotid stenosis.

Karnofsky performance status and visual analogue scale scores are simple indicators for quality of life in long-term AYA survivors who received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells transplantation in childhood.

The purpose of this study was to investigate Karnofsky performance status (KPS) scores and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores to explain which domains in the standardized self-reported quality of life (QOL) are instrumental for long-term hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) survivors. We conducted a nationwide cross-sectional questionnaire study on 221 survivors with allogeneic-HSCT in 28 pediatric centers. Patient-reported QOL was assessed at a single time point using the 36-item Short-Form Survey (SF-36), the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Bone Marrow Transplant (FACT-BMT), and VAS scores.

Spontaneous Myocarditis in Mice Predisposed to Autoimmune Disease: Including Vaccination-Induced Onset.

Nonobese diabetic (NOD)/ShiLtJ mice, such as biobreeding rats, are used as an animal model for type 1 diabetes. Diabetes develops in NOD mice as a result of insulitis, a leukocytic infiltrate of the pancreatic islets. The onset of diabetes is associated with moderate glycosuria and nonfasting hyperglycemia.