[Radical endovascular surgery of a huge cavernous internal carotid artery aneurysm of an aged patient].

A case of a huge aneurysm of the cavernous portion of the internal carotid artery (ICA) is reported. The aneurysm was successfully treated by endovascular surgery. A 78-year-old woman presenting with mild headache and cavernous sinus syndrome on the left side was incidentally disclosed to have a huge aneurysm at the cavernous portion of the left ICA by MRI and MRA.

14-3-3beta protein associates with insulin receptor substrate 1 and decreases insulin-stimulated phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase activity in 3T3L1 adipocytes.

The 14-3-3 protein family has been implicated in growth factor signaling. We investigated whether 14-3-3 protein is involved in insulin signaling in 3T3L1 adipocytes. A significant amount of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) was immunodetected in the immunoprecipitate with anti-14-3-3beta antibody at the basal condition.

[A case of pituitary apoplexy: remarkable improvement of visual acuity and field by surgical intervention at the subchronic stage].

A case is reported of a pituitary apoplexy which shows remarkable improvement of visual acuity and field by transsphenoidal surgery performed 33 days after hemorrhage. Possible factors contributing to this excellent surgical outcome are speculated about as follows; atrophic brain (wide suprasellar cistern), destruction of the sella floor by the tumor (infrasellar/extracranial decompression), no vasospasm (pure intracapsular hemorrhage), no hypopituitarism, less invasive operation (transsphenoidal surgery), and so on. Transsphenoidal surgery is thought to be worth performing for pituitary apoplexy, even if timing for the operation is later than the acute stage and even if initial visual impairment is severe.

[Polycystic ovary syndrome: PCOS].

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome(PCOS) was originally reported by Stein and Leventhal in 1935, as an syndrome with bilateral polycystic ovaries, menstrual abnormality, hirsutism and obesity etc. After this report the diagnosis of "Polycystic Ovary" was abused for the patient only with polycystic change of ovaries, so that, the concept or definition of PCOS has became unclear and controversial. In this review, a classification of PCOS according to the presence of hyperandrogenemia and/or hirsutism will be shown to reconstruct the concept or definition of PCOS.

A novel transcription factor is correlated with both glomerular proliferation and sclerosis in the rat renal ablation model.

Glomerular accumulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) with subsequent sclerosis is a common finding in most progressive renal diseases. Recently MSW (Mouse South Western) protein was cloned by its ability to bind the bidirectional promoter of the collagen IV genes. This protein was also reported as the large subunit of the DNA replication complex A1, as well as the promoter binding protein of corticotropin-releasing hormone and the angiotensinogen gene.

A candidate case for lymphocytic infundibulo-neurohypophysitis mimicking a neurohypophysial tumor.

A 56-year-old Japanese man presented with a 2-month duration of polyuria and polydipsia. The diagnosis of diabetes insipidus was confirmed by water deprivation and vasopressin injection. The secretory function of the adenohypophysis was estimated as normal by a variety of provocative tests.

[A case of uretero-aortic fistula].

We report a case of uretero-aortic fistula. A 69-year-old man with rectal cancer underwent a pelvic exenteration and a double--barreled cutaneous ureterostomy in the right lower abdomen. Stomal stenosis necessitated continuous indwelling of double J stents in the two ureters.

Reduced expression of the leptin gene (ob) by catecholamine through a G(S) protein-coupled pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

Leptin, a recently identified hormone, is believed to reduce appetite and maintain body weight. The mRNA of leptin is expressed only in mature adipose cells. To clarify the regulation of leptin gene expression in adipocytes, 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated for 16 h with various agents known to modulate lipid metabolism, and then the leptin mRNA was measured by the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction method.

[Pulmonary eosinophilic granuloma--clinical analysis of 17 patients].

We studied the clinical features of 17 Japanese patients with pulmonary eosinophilic granuloma. Fourteen of the patients were men and three were women; they ranged in age from 19 to 64 years, with a mean of 34 years at the time of the first examination. Pathologic diagnosis in all patients was based on histologic findings of specimens obtained by open lung biopsy.

Serum levels of interleukin 4 and soluble CD23 in children with allergic disorders.

Unlabelled: In order to clarify the clinical significance of serum interleukin 4 (IL-4) levels, we measured serum IL-4 concentrations in allergic and non-allergic children using a highly sensitive sandwich ELISA. The limit of detection of the assay was 0.15 pg/ml in serum samples.

Histopathological evaluation of gastric mucosal environments in peptic ulcer using the endoscopic 5-point gastric biopsy method.

Although a strong association has been established between chronic Helicobacter pylori infection and peptic ulcers, the role of H. pylori is not necessarily causative because there are many patients infected with H. pylori who do not develop peptic ulcer.

A case of laparoscopic complication: injury of the left common iliac vessels and subsequent acute compartment syndrome of the left leg.

A 45-year-old Japanese woman underwent a laparoscopy-assisted vaginal hysterectomy. Insertion of a trocar injured the left common iliac artery and vein, which were repaired within 2.5 hours.

[Neck clipping of an aneurysm at the basilar artery-anterior inferior cerebellar artery via presigmoid-transmastoideal approach].

A 51-year-old man presented severe disturbance of consciousness and massive subarachnoid hemorrhage. Angiography disclosed an aneurysm at the ventral bifurcation of the basilar and anterior inferior cerebellar arteries. Neck clipping and additional wrapping/coating were performed via the presigmoid-transmastoideal approach with successful result.

WHO Collaborating Centre for Diabetes Treatment and Education.

The World Health Organization (WHO) has a section for non-communicable diseases, where the public health problems related to diabetes are treated. The WHO has cooperated with the International Diabetes Federation for many years. The classification of diabetes and diagnostic criteria proposed by its committee is now widely used throughout the world.

Prevalence and incidence of diabetes mellitus by WHO criteria.

The recent data on the prevalence and incidence of diabetes mellitus in Japan are presented. The data were obtained in 1989-1992 based on the 1985 WHO criteria. The prevalence and incidence for childhood IDDM (0-18 years) were chiefly derived from the records of patients who received free medical care for diabetes.