Endophytic Bacterial Biofilm-Formers Associated with Antarctic Vascular Plants.

and are the only two vascular plants colonized on the Antarctic continent, which is usually exposed to extreme environments. Endophytic bacteria residing within plant tissues can exhibit diverse adaptations that contribute to their ecological success and potential benefits for their plant hosts. This study aimed to characterize 12 endophytic bacterial strains isolated from these plants, focusing on their ecological adaptations and functional roles like plant growth promotion, antifungal activities, tolerance to salt and low-carbon environments, wide temperature range, and biofilm formation.

Microbiological indicators of the biofilms microparticles of quartz sand and polypropylene after short-term exposure in soil.

The purpose of this study was to investigate dynamics of biofilm biomass on microparticles of natural material quartz sand and the artificial material polypropylene (plastisphere) as well as change in biofilm-forming microorganisms' number under a short-term field study. In this study microparticles of polypropylene and quartz sand ranging in size from 3 to 5 mm were used. The total microbial count and the number of sulfate-reducing bacteria in the biofilm (by traditional culture-based microbiological methods) and the biofilm biomass (by the method with the crystal violet) were investigated.

Improving the fire-retardant performance of industrial reactive coatings for steel building structures.

The main aim of this study was to determine key factors that regulate fire-retardant effectiveness of intumescent coatings comprising of ammonium polyphosphate, melamine, pentaerythritol, polymer binder. Fulfillment of the research objectives resulted in the development of a coating with R120 fire resistance. The expected service life of the coating is at least 15 years when applied at Z2 type of environmental conditions (indoor use).

Current state of students' health and factors as well as means of its improvement.

Objective: Aim: To assess the current state of students' health in higher educational institutions in Ukraine and identify the main measures, factors, and means of its improvement.

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: The research was conducted in 2022-2023 and involved 266 second-year students (82 males, 184 females) from different faculties. Research methods: analysis of literary sources, observation, questionnaire surveys, and statistical methods.

Cyclodextrin-grafted redox-responsive hydrogel mediated by disulfide bridges for regulated drug delivery.

In this paper, a novel mono-methacrylated β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) monomer mediated by disulfide bond was synthesized, and then thermal copolymerized with HEMA monomer in the presence of a little crosslinker to prepare redox-responsive hydrogel for regulated drug delivery. The structure of the monomer was confirmed by FTIR, H NMR, C NMR spectroscopy. The substitution degree of polymerizable methacrylated group grafted onto β-CD was about 1 by calculating byH NMR (0.

Extracellular host DNA contributes to pathogenic biofilm formation during periodontitis.

Introduction: Periodontal diseases are known to be associated with polymicrobial biofilms and inflammasome activation. A deeper understanding of the subgingival cytological (micro) landscape, the role of extracellular DNA (eDNA) during periodontitis, and contribution of the host immune eDNA to inflammasome persistence, may improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlaying severe forms of periodontitis.

Methods: In this work, subgingival biolfilms developing on biologically neutral polyethylene terephthalate films placed in gingival cavities of patients with chronic periodontitis were investigated by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).

Metal-based nanoparticles: an alternative treatment for biofilm infection in hard-to-heal wounds.

Metal-based nanoparticles (MNPs) are promoted as effective compounds in the treatment of bacterial infections and as possible alternatives to antibiotics. These MNPs are known to affect a broad spectrum of microorganisms using a multitude of strategies, including the induction of reactive oxygen species and interaction with the inner structures of the bacterial cells. The aim of this review was to summarise the latest studies about the effect of metal-based nanoparticles on pathogenic bacterial biofilm formed in wounds, using the examples of Gram-positive bacterium and Gram-negative bacterium , as well as provide an overview of possible clinical applications.

A novel nanoprobe for visually investigating the controversial role of miRNA-34a as an oncogene or tumor suppressor in cancer cells.

MiRNA-targeted therapy has become a hot topic in current cancer research. The key to this treatment strategy is to clarify the specific role of miRNA in cancer. However, the roles of some miRNAs acting as oncogenic or tumor suppressors are still controversial, which are influenced by different tumor types, even in the same cancer type.

Development strategy of novel drug formulations for the delivery of doxycycline in the treatment of wounds of various etiologies.

Doxycycline hyclate (DOXH) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic derived synthetically from tetracycline. Despite its use in clinical practice for more than 40 years, DOXH remains an effective antibiotic with retained activity. The potential advantages of DOXH for wound healing therapy include its mechanisms of action, such as anti-inflammatory effects, antioxidant properties, modulation of cellular processes, stimulation of collagen synthesis, and antimicrobial activity.

Femtosecond laser modified metal surfaces alter biofilm architecture and reduce bacterial biofilm formation.

Biofilm formation, or microfouling, is a basic strategy of bacteria to colonise a surface and may happen on surfaces of any nature whenever bacteria are present. Biofilms are hard to eradicate due to the matrix in which the bacteria reside, consisting of strong, adhesive and adaptive self-produced polymers such as eDNA and functional amyloids. Targeting a biofilm matrix may be a promising strategy to prevent biofilm formation.

Case report: Azithromycin-meropenem combination therapy as a low-cost approach to combat PDR gram-negative infections of war wounds in Ukraine.

Antimicrobial resistance recognised as a major global health problem and it poses a significant challenge in conflict zones, such as the Russia-Ukraine war. This case study focuses on a 32-year-old soldier who sustained combat-related injuries, including extensive wound infections caused by multidrug-resistant and pan-resistant bacteria and was successfully treated with azithromycin-meropenem combination therapy. The emergence of pan-resistant bacteria, particularly a pandrug-resistant strain of , highlights the severity of the problem and the limited treatment options available.

A Comparative Study of the Typing Performance of Two Mid-Air Text Input Methods in Virtual Environments.

Inputting text is a prevalent requirement among various virtual reality (VR) applications, including VR-based remote collaboration. In order to eliminate the need for complex rules and handheld devices for typing within virtual environments, researchers have proposed two mid-air input methods-the trace and tap methods. However, the specific impact of these input methods on performance in VR remains unknown.

Bacterial sulfidogenic community from the surface of technogenic materials : composition and biofilm formation.

Microbial biofilms of sulfate-reducing bacteria SRB1 and SRB2 were evaluated on polyethylene terephthalate in mono- and associative bacterial cultures. strains C1 and C2b suppressed both the formation of biofilm and reduced the number of sulfate-reducing bacteria in the biofilm on the polyethylene terephthalate during the 50-day experiment. A decrease in the number of sulfate-reducing bacteria compared to the monoculture was also noted in association of SRB1  Sat1 (bacterium-satellite of the sulfate-reducing bacteria).

Mechanical Properties of Thermoplastic Polyurethane-Based Three-Dimensional-Printed Lattice Structures: Role of Build Orientation, Loading Direction, and Filler.

This study addresses the influence of build orientation and loading direction on the static and dynamic mechanical properties of three-dimensional-printed thermoplastic polyurethane-based lattice structures (with different cell shape). Specimens were printed in horizontal, 45° angle, and vertical orientations. Three-point bending tests showed that the investigated specimens are characterized by a strong anisotropy of the mechanical properties, which depends on the loading direction.

L. "hairy" roots as a rich source of antioxidants and anti-inflammatory compounds.

The present study aimed to determine the bioactive profile of various extracts of Cichorium intybus L. "hairy" roots. In particular, the total content of flavonoids as well as the reducing power, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of the aqueous and ethanolic (70%) extracts were evaluated.

Sorption Properties of PET Copolyesters and New Approach for Foaming with Filament Extrusion Additive Manufacturing.

The mass transfer process of binary esters of acetic acid in polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene terephthalate with a high degree of glycol modification (PETG), and glycol-modified polycyclohexanedimethylene terephthalate (PCTG) was studied. It was found that the desorption rate of the complex ether at the equilibrium point is significantly lower than the sorption rate. The difference between these rates depends on the type of polyester and temperature and allows the accumulation of ester in the volume of the polyester.

Therapeutic Potential of an Azithromycin-Colistin Combination against XDR in a 3D Collagen-Based In Vitro Wound Model of a Biofilm Infection.

A therapeutic combination of azithromycin (AZM) and colistin methanesulfonate (CMS) was shown to be effective against both non-PDR and PDR biofilms in vitro. These anti-biofilm effects, however, may not correlate with effects observed in standard plate assays, nor will they representative of in vivo therapeutic action. After all, biofilm-associated infection processes are also impacted by the presence of wound bed components, such as host cells or wound fluids, which can all affect the antibiotic effectiveness.

Radix Panacis quinquefolii Extract Ameliorates Inflammatory Bowel Disease through Inhibiting Inflammation.

Objective: To investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of Radix Panacis quinguefolii root extract (RPQE) and its therapeutic effects on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Methods: The 72-hour post-fertilization zebrafish was used to generate the local and systematic inflammation models through tail-amputation and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induction (100 µ g/mL), respectively. The Tg(zlyz:EGFP) zebrafish was induced with 75 µ g/mL 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) for establishing the IBD model.

eDNA, Amyloid Fibers and Membrane Vesicles Identified in SBW25 Biofilms.

SBW25 is a model soil- and plant-associated bacterium capable of forming a variety of air-liquid interface biofilms in experimental microcosms and on plant surfaces. Previous investigations have shown that cellulose is the primary structural matrix component in the robust and well-attached Wrinkly Spreader biofilm, as well as in the fragile Viscous Mass biofilm. Here, we demonstrate that both biofilms include extracellular DNA (eDNA) which can be visualized using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), quantified by absorbance measurements, and degraded by DNase I treatment.

Inhibition of heterotrophic bacterial biofilm in the soil ferrosphere by spp. and .

The soil microbiome is involved in the processes of microbial corrosion, in particular, by the formation of biofilm. It has been proposed that an environmentally friendly solution to this corrosion might be through biological control. NUChC C2b, ChNPU F3 and NUChC F2 were investigated as potentially 'green' biocides to prevent attachment to glass as a model surface and the formation of heterotrophic bacterial biofilm which participates in the corrosion process.

Collagen Obtained from Leather Production Waste Provides Suitable Gels for Biomedical Applications.

Collagen and its derivates are typically obtained by extracting them from fresh animal tissues. Lately, however, there has been an increased interest in obtaining collagen from other sources, such as waste material, because of the growing trend to replace synthetic materials with sustainable, natural counterparts in various industries, as well as to ensure a rational waste revalorization. In this paper, collagen was obtained from non-tanned waste of leather production, taken at different stages of the production process: limed pelt, delimed pelt, and fleshings.

New Approach for Extrusion Additive Manufacturing of Soft and Elastic Articles from Liquid-PVC-Based Consumable Materials.

The article deals with the experimental development of a novel additive manufacturing (AM) process using a liquid consumable based on polyvinyl chloride plastisol. A conventional additive manufacturing system designed for deposition of melt filaments was converted to deposition of liquid material. Additive manufacturing with liquid plastisol enables the production of parts with low Shore A hardness and high ductility, surpassing the performance of the conventional filament process.

Azithromycin possesses biofilm-inhibitory activity and potentiates non-bactericidal colistin methanesulfonate (CMS) and polymyxin B against Klebsiella pneumonia.

Novel antibiotic combinations may act synergistically to inhibit the growth of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens but predicting which combination will be successful is difficult, and standard antimicrobial susceptibility testing may not identify important physiological differences between planktonic free-swimming and biofilm-protected surface-attached sessile cells. Using a nominally macrolide-resistant model Klebsiella pneumoniae strain (ATCC 10031) we demonstrate the effectiveness of several macrolides in inhibiting biofilm growth in multi-well plates, and the ability of azithromycin (AZM) to improve the effectiveness of the antibacterial last-agent-of-choice for K. pneumoniae infections, colistin methanesulfonate (CMS), against biofilms.

Carbon Allotropes-Based Paints and Their Composite Coatings for Electromagnetic Shielding Applications.

The present manuscript reports on optimized formulations of alcohol-based conductive paints for electromagnetic interference shielding (EMI), which can ensure compatibility and reduce the visibility of electronic equipment, as a continuation of our previous work in this field, which examined water-based formulations for other applications. Graphite, carbon black, graphene, FeO, Fe ore, and PEDOT:PSS in various ratios and combinations were employed in an alcohol base for developing homogeneous paint-like fluid mixtures that could be easily applied to surfaces with a paintbrush, leading to homogeneous, uniform, opaque layers, drying fast in the air at room temperature; these layers had a reasonably good electrical conductivity and, subsequently, an efficient EMI-shielding performance. Uniform, homogeneous and conductive layers with a thickness of over 1 mm without exfoliations and cracking were prepared with the developed paints, offering an attenuation of up to 50 dB of incoming GHz electromagnetic radiation.

Novel Water-Based Paints for Composite Materials Used in Electromagnetic Shielding Applications.

The development of materials offering electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding is of significant consideration, since this can help in expanding the lifetime of devices, electromagnetic compatibility, as well as the protection of biological systems. Conductive paints used widely today in electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding applications are often based on organic solvents that can create safety issues due to the subsequent environment problems. This paper concerned the development of eco-friendly conductive water-based paints for use in EMI-shielding applications.