Association of Sleep Disturbances With Brain Amyloid and Tau Burden, Cortical Atrophy, and Cognitive Dysfunction Across the AD Continuum.

Background And Objectives: Patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) frequently suffer from various sleep disturbances. However, how sleep disturbance is associated with AD and its progression remains poorly investigated. We investigated the association of total sleep time with brain amyloid and tau burden, cortical atrophy, cognitive dysfunction, and their longitudinal changes in the AD spectrum.

Cancellous bone graft from the distal radius and headless screw fixation for unstable scaphoid waist nonunion.

Purpose: Cancellous bone harvested from the distal radius has been used in various hand surgeries, but studies on its use in scaphoid waist nonunions are insufficient. We investigated the usefulness of cancellous bone graft from the distal radius and headless screw fixation in unstable scaphoid waist nonunion.

Methods: Thirty-one patients who underwent cancellous bone graft from the distal radius and headless screw fixation for unstable scaphoid waist nonunion with follow-up for at least 1 year were included.

Long-Term Changes in Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness after Vitrectomy for Epiretinal Membrane Using Optical Coherence Tomography Images.

This study investigated the long-term effects of epiretinal membrane (ERM) surgery on peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness using optical coherence tomography (OCT) images. We included 30 patients with idiopathic ERM who underwent a vitrectomy for ERM removal with internal limiting membrane peeling. The patients were followed up for 5 years after surgery, and their medical records were reviewed for best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and OCT parameters.

Magnetic resonance imaging for assessment of the quadriceps tendon cross-sectional area as an adjunctive diagnostic parameter in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome.

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to provide a more valuable diagnostic parameter and more equivocal assessment of the diagnostic potential of patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) by comparing the quadriceps tendon cross-sectional area (QTCSA) with the quadriceps tendon thickness (QTT), a traditional measure of quadriceps tendon hypertrophy.

Patients And Methods: Between March 2014 and August 2020, a total of 30 patients with PFPS (16 males, 14 females; mean age, 30.4±11.

NAG-1/GDF-15 Transgenic Female Mouse Shows Delayed Peak Period of the Second Phase Nociception in Formalin-induced Inflammatory Pain.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-activated gene-1 (NAG-1), also known as growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), is associated with cancer, diabetes, and inflammation, while there is limited understanding of the role of NAG-1 in nociception. Here, we examined the nociceptive behaviors of NAG-1 transgenic (TG) mice and wild-type (WT) littermates. Mechanical sensitivity was evaluated by using the von Frey filament test, and thermal sensitivity was assessed by the hot-plate, Hargreaves, and acetone tests.

Health Behaviors Before and After the Implementation of a Health Community Organization: Gangwon's Health-Plus Community Program.

Objectives: Community organization is a resident-led movement aimed at creating fundamental social changes in the community by resolving its problems through the organized power of its residents. This study evaluated the effectiveness of health community organization (HCO), Gangwon's Health-Plus community program, implemented from 2013 to 2019 on residents' health behaviors.

Methods: This study had a before-and-after design using 2011-2019 Korea Community Health Survey data.

Uric acid regulates α-synuclein transmission in Parkinsonian models.

Ample evidence demonstrates that α-synuclein (α-syn) has a critical role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) with evidence indicating that its propagation from one area of the brain to others may be the primary mechanism for disease progression. Uric acid (UA), a natural antioxidant, has been proposed as a potential disease modifying candidate in PD. In the present study, we investigated whether UA treatment modulates cell-to-cell transmission of extracellular α-syn and protects dopaminergic neurons in the α-syn-enriched model.

A case of diphenhydramine intoxication showing prolonged false positive tricyclic antidepressant in the urine assay.

Background: The urine immunochromatographic assay is a useful screening tool for patients suspected of acute drug intoxication in emergency conditions. Diphenhydramine intoxication shows symptoms similar to those of tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) intoxication.

Case Presentation: We examined a case of diphenhydramine intoxication showing cerebellar ataxia and prolonged false positive results for TCA in the urine.

The efficacy of treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma in elderly patients.

Background/aim: Despite the increasing proportion of elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) over time, treatment efficacy in this population is not well established.

Methods: Data collected from the Korean Primary Liver Cancer Registry, a representative cohort of patients newly diagnosed with HCC in Korea between 2008 and 2017, were analyzed. Overall survival (OS) according to tumor stage and treatment modality was compared between elderly and non-elderly patients with HCC.

Safety and Efficacy Assessment of Red Ginseng Oil (RXGIN) in Men with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of red ginseng oil (RXGIN) in men with lower urinary tract symptoms.

Materials And Methods: Men aged between 40 and 75 years with a total International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) of 8 to 19 points were recruited from April 2020 to December 2020. Subjects were randomly assigned to either the RXGIN group or the control group in a 1:1 ratio and received either RXGIN or placebo daily for 12 weeks.

Impact of primary prophylaxis by pegfilgrastim in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with R-CHOP.

Febrile neutropenia (FN) and chemotherapy-induced neutropenia (CIN) are common conditions that lead to dose reduction or delayed chemotherapy in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Primary prophylaxis (PP) with long-acting granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) was introduced in South Korea in 2014. We aimed to investigate the effects of PP on FN-related hospitalization and death in patients with DLBCL receiving rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP).

Relation of Gender to Atherosclerotic Plaque Characteristics by Differing Angiographic Stenosis Severity.

It is unknown whether gender influences the atherosclerotic plaque characteristics (APCs) of lesions of varying angiographic stenosis severity. This study evaluated the imaging data of 303 symptomatic patients from the derivation arm of the CREDENCE (Computed TomogRaphic Evaluation of Atherosclerotic Determinants of Myocardial IsChEmia) trial, all of whom underwent coronary computed tomographic angiography and clinically indicated nonemergent invasive coronary angiography upon study enrollment. Index tests were interpreted by 2 blinded core laboratories, one of which performed quantitative coronary computed tomographic angiography using an artificial intelligence application to characterize and quantify APCs, including percent atheroma volume (PAV), low-density noncalcified plaque (LD-NCP), noncalcified plaque (NCP), calcified plaque (CP), lesion length, positive arterial remodeling, and high-risk plaque (a combination of LD-NCP and positive remodeling ≥1.

Video-assisted thoracoscopic diaphragm oblique resection simplified with an endostapler for diaphragm eventration.

Diaphragm plication has recently become a standard operation for diaphragm eventration. The surgical experience for the patient has improved with the development of minimally invasive operations, but the operator's convenience has not improved significantly. We performed video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for a diaphragm oblique resection using endostaplers in 10 patients.

Comparing the Effectiveness of Physical Rehabilitation Interventions for Post-Stroke Function and Mobility Recovery: A Meta-Analysis.

Various interventions to physical rehabilitation have been used after stroke, including musculoskeletal, neurophysiological, and motor learning interventions, with ongoing debates and controversies about their relative effectiveness. In this systematic review, we searched 3 international electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library) to identify relevant studies. We included only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that directly compared motor relearning, neurophysiological, and musculoskeletal interventions for improving motor function in adult stroke patients.

Clinical Practice Guideline for Stroke Rehabilitation in Korea-Part 1: Rehabilitation for Motor Function (2022).

This clinical practice guideline (CPG) is the fourth edition of the Korean guideline for stroke rehabilitation, which was last updated in 2016. The development approach has been changed from a consensus-based approach to an evidence-based approach using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation (GRADE) method. This change ensures that the guidelines are based on the latest and strongest evidence available.

Factors influencing COVID-19 vaccination intention among parents of children aged 5-11 years in South Korea: a cross-sectional study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors affecting parents' intentions to have their children aged 5-11 years vaccinated against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods: The participants of the study were 298 parents with children aged 5-11 years in South Korea. Data collection took place from October 20 to October 26, 2022 and used an online survey (Google Forms).

Significance of Diabetic Kidney Disease Biomarkers in Predicting Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease.

Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) share various pathophysiological factors, and epidemiological evidence suggests that these two diseases are associated. Albuminuria and the estimated glomerular filtration rate, which are conventional biomarkers of DKD, are reportedly associated with the risk or severity of MAFLD. Recently, novel DKD biomarkers reflecting renal tubular injury have been introduced to complement conventional DKD markers.

Clinical Practice Guidelines for Oropharyngeal Dysphagia.

Objective: Dysphagia is a common clinical condition characterized by difficulty in swallowing. It is sub-classified into oropharyngeal dysphagia, which refers to problems in the mouth and pharynx, and esophageal dysphagia, which refers to problems in the esophageal body and esophagogastric junction. Dysphagia can have a significant negative impact one's physical health and quality of life as its severity increases.

A case of leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 antibody encephalitis with schizophrenia-like symptoms as an initial clinical manifestation.

Leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI-1) antibody encephalitis is a type of limbic encephalitis characterized by faciobrachial dystonic seizure and short-term memory loss as initial clinical symptoms. We present a case initially misdiagnosed as schizophrenia and finally diagnosed as LGI-1 antibody encephalitis. A 41-year-old female presented to the neurology clinic with a 4-month history of anxiety and disoriented speech and a new onset headache.