Luminal progenitor and mature cells are more susceptible than basal cells to radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks in rat mammary tissue.

Ionizing radiation promotes mammary carcinogenesis. Induction of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) is the initial event after radiation exposure, which can potentially lead to carcinogenesis, but the dynamics of DSB induction and repair are not well understood at the tissue level. In this study, we used female rats, which have been recognized as a useful experimental model for studying radiation effects on the mammary gland.

Ferredoxin reduction by hydrogen with iron functions as an evolutionary precursor of flavin-based electron bifurcation.

Autotrophic theories for the origin of metabolism posit that the first cells satisfied their carbon needs from CO and were chemolithoautotrophs that obtained their energy and electrons from H. The acetyl-CoA pathway of CO fixation is central to that view because of its antiquity: Among known CO fixing pathways it is the only one that is i) exergonic, ii) occurs in both bacteria and archaea, and iii) can be functionally replaced in full by single transition metal catalysts in vitro. In order to operate in cells at a pH close to 7, however, the acetyl-CoA pathway requires complex multi-enzyme systems capable of flavin-based electron bifurcation that reduce low potential ferredoxin-the physiological donor of electrons in the acetyl-CoA pathway-with electrons from H.

Exploring Acetogenesis in Firmicutes: From Phylogenetic Analysis to Solid Medium Cultivation with Solid-Phase Electrochemical Isolation Equipments.

This study introduces a groundbreaking approach for the exploration and utilization of electrotrophic acetogens, essential for advancing microbial electrosynthesis systems (MES). Our initial focus was the development of Solid-Phase Electrochemical Isolation Equipment (SPECIEs), a novel cultivation method for isolating electrotrophic acetogens directly from environmental samples on a solid medium. SPECIEs uses electrotrophy as a selection pressure, successfully overcoming the traditional cultivation method limitations and enabling the cultivation of diverse microbial communities with enhanced specificity towards acetogens.

Isolation, draft genome sequence, and identification of subsp. CCS26.

To isolate the useful strain for fermentation to produce bioactive compounds, we screened oligotrophic bacteria, and then strain CCS26 was isolated from leaf soil collected in Japan. This strain was capable of growth on low-nutrient medium. To elucidate the taxonomy of strain CCS26, we determined the 16S rRNA gene and draft genome sequences, respectively.

Isolation and draft genome sequence of sp CCS19.

Here, we describe the isolation and draft genome sequence of sp. CCS19. sp.

Biogas purification and ammonia load reduction in sewage treatment by two-stage down-flow hanging sponge reactor.

In this study, a two-stage down-flow hanging sponge (TSDHS) reactor was used as biotrickling filter for biogas desulfurization by utilizing the anaerobic digester supernatant (ADS) of sewage sludge of an activated sludge process (ASP). The reactor comprises a closed-type first-stage down-flow hanging sponge (1st DHS) and an open-type second-stage down-flow hanging sponge (2nd DHS) reactors. In the 1st DHS, hydrogen sulfide in biogas was dissolved into the ADS, and then it was oxidized into elemental sulfur and sulfate by microbe using dissolved oxygen and nitrite in the ADS.

Scintillation light detection in the 6-m drift-length ProtoDUNE Dual Phase liquid argon TPC.

DUNE is a dual-site experiment for long-baseline neutrino oscillation studies, neutrino astrophysics and nucleon decay searches. ProtoDUNE Dual Phase (DP) is a 6   6   6 m liquid argon time-projection-chamber (LArTPC) that recorded cosmic-muon data at the CERN Neutrino Platform in 2019-2020 as a prototype of the DUNE Far Detector. Charged particles propagating through the LArTPC produce ionization and scintillation light.

Fabrication of a Deoxyribonuclease Sensor Based on the Electrical Characteristics of DNA Molecules.

In this study, we developed a sensing device that can detect deoxyribonuclease (DNase) based on the electrical properties of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). We estimated the equivalent circuit between the electrodes with immobilized DNA and investigated whether the characteristics of the electrodes change before and after the DNase reaction. This method detects DNase by simply evaluating the electrical properties of DNA without using a fluorescent reagent.

Effect of UF Membrane Rotation on Filtration Performance Using High Concentration Latex Emulsion Solution.

A high shear rate can be applied to fluid near a membrane surface by rotating the membrane. This shear rate enables higher permeate flux and higher concentration operation when compared with a conventional cross-flow membrane since fouling and/or concentration polarization are reduced. The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between the fluid behavior and membrane separation characteristics of a rotating membrane surface when a latex aqueous solution was used.

Evaluation of Isomotive Insulator-Based Dielectrophoretic Device by Measuring the Particle Velocity.

Many dielectrophoretic (DEP) devices for biomedical application have been suggested, such as the separation, concentration, and detection of biological cells or molecules. Most of these devices utilize the difference in their DEP properties. However, single-cell analysis is required to evaluate individual properties.

Prospects for beyond the Standard Model physics searches at the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment: DUNE Collaboration.

The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) will be a powerful tool for a variety of physics topics. The high-intensity proton beams provide a large neutrino flux, sampled by a near detector system consisting of a combination of capable precision detectors, and by the massive far detector system located deep underground. This configuration sets up DUNE as a machine for discovery, as it enables opportunities not only to perform precision neutrino measurements that may uncover deviations from the present three-flavor mixing paradigm, but also to discover new particles and unveil new interactions and symmetries beyond those predicted in the Standard Model (SM).

A novel framework based on a data-driven approach for modelling the behaviour of organisms in chemical plume tracing.

We propose a data-driven approach for modelling an organism's behaviour instead of conventional model-based strategies in chemical plume tracing (CPT). CPT models based on this approach show promise in faithfully reproducing organisms' CPT behaviour. To construct the data-driven CPT model, a training dataset of the odour stimuli input toward the organism is needed, along with an output of the organism's CPT behaviour.

Draft Genome Sequence of Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. CCI2, Isolated from Leaf Soil.

Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. CCI2 was isolated from leaf soil collected in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. The draft genome sequence comprises 78 contigs and contains 5,075,115 bp with a G+C content of 57.

Seeding the drainage canal of a wastewater treatment system for the natural rubber industry with rubber for the enhanced removal of organic matter and nitrogen.

Current pretreatment methods for wastewater from natural rubber (NR) factories either have low rubber recovery efficiency or are costly to operate. A wastewater treatment system was developed that combines a pretreatment canal (PTC) seeded with rubber, an anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR), and a down-flow hanging sponge (DHS) reactor. The PTC is simple to implement and contributes to not only rubber recovery but also organic matter removal in the ABR and nitrogen removal in the DHS reactor.

Draft Genome Sequence of CCA3, Isolated from Leaf Soil.

CCA3 was isolated from leaf soil collected in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of CCA3. The draft genome sequence of CCA3 consists of 29 contigs of 4,425,100 bp, with a GC content of 54.

Paenibacillus glycanilyticus subsp. hiroshimensis subsp. nov., isolated from leaf soil collected in Japan.

Strain CCI5, an oligotrophic bacterium, was isolated from leaf soil collected in Japan. Strain CCI5 grew at temperatures between 25 °C and 43 °C (optimum temperature, 40 °C) and at pHs between 6.0 and 10.

Draft Genome Sequence of sp. AS-1, a Potential Eurytrophic Recombination Host.

Strain AS-1 was isolated from laboratory-scale activated sludge collected in Japan. This strain not only grows on rich medium, including R2A medium, but also forms colonies on medium lacking organic matter other than agar (water agar), indicating it could be used as a eurytrophic recombinant host in material production processes. Here, we present a draft genome sequence of sp.

Isolation, draft genome sequencing and identification of CCI9.

Strain CCI9, which was isolated from leaf soil collected in Japan, was capable of growth on poor-nutrient medium, at temperatures of 10°C to 45°C, at pHs of 4.5 to 10, and in the presence of 7.0% NaCl.

Red-Fluorescent Pt Nanoclusters for Detecting and Imaging HER2 in Breast Cancer Cells.

Overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is associated with more frequent cancer recurrence and metastasis. Sensitive sensing of HER2 in living breast cancer cells is crucial in the early stages of cancer and to further understand its role in cells. Biomedical imaging has become an indispensable tool in the fields of early cancer diagnosis and therapy.

Deinococcus kurensis sp. nov., isolated from pond water collected in Japan.

An aerobic, oligotrophic, Gram-positive, non-sporulating, motile, rod-shaped, palladium-leaching bacterial strain, Deinococcus sp. KR-1, was previously isolated from pond water collected in Japan. This strain grew at 10 °C to 40 °C (optimum 30 °C), at pH 4.

Draft genome sequence of sp KR-1, a potential strain for palladium-leaching.

Strain KR-1 was isolated from pond water collected in Japan. Because this strain was capable of adsorbing palladium particles in sterilized water, strain KR-1 will be a useful biocatalyst for palladium-leaching from metal waste. Here we present a draft genome sequence of sp.

Development of a molasses wastewater treatment system equipped with a biological desulfurization process.

In this study, a laboratory scale experiment for the treatment of synthetic molasses wastewater using a combination of an anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) and a two-stage down-flow hanging sponge (TSDHS) reactor (ABR-TSDHS system) was conducted. The TSDHS comprised a closed-type first-stage down-flow hanging sponge (first DHS) for desulfurization and an open-type second-stage DHS (second DHS) for post-treatment of effluent from the ABR and first DHS. Effluent from the second DHS was sprinkled on top of the first DHS, whereas biogas produced from the ABR was supplied to its bottom.

Non-aerated single-stage nitrogen removal using a down-flow hanging sponge reactor as post-treatment for nitrogen-rich wastewater treatment.

A laboratory-scale experiment is conducted to remove nitrogen from nitrogen-rich wastewater using a down-flow hanging sponge (DHS) reactor. Effluent from an anaerobic-aerobic system for treating synthetic natural rubber wastewater, which still contains high levels of ammonia, was used as nitrogen-rich wastewater. Experimental period was divided into four phases based whether a carbon source was fed to the DHS reactor.

Enterobacter oligotrophica sp. nov., a novel oligotroph isolated from leaf soil.

A novel oligotrophic bacterium, designated strain CCA6, was isolated from leaf soil collected in Japan. Cells of the strain were found to be a Gram-negative, non-sporulating, motile, rod-shaped bacterium. Strain CCA6 grew at 10-45°C (optimum 20°C) and pH 4.

Insulator-based dielectrophoresis combined with the isomotive AC electric field and applied to single cell analysis.

We developed an insulator-based dielectrophoretic (iDEP) creek-gap device that enables the isomotive movement of cells and that is suitable for determining their DEP properties. In the iDEP creek-gap device, a pair of planar insulators forming a single fan-shaped channel allows the induction of the isomotive iDEP force on cells. Hence, the cells' behavior is characterized by straight motion at constant velocity in the longitudinal direction of the channel.