Ambulatory Care vs Overnight Hospitalization After Anterior Surgery for Cervical Radiculopathy: The FACADE Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: During the past decade, spinal surgical procedures have been increasingly performed on an ambulatory basis, a change in clinical practice supported only by observational evidence thus far. There have been no randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing ambulatory care with inpatient care after any spinal surgery.

Objective: To assess whether ambulatory care is noninferior to overnight hospital surveillance in functional outcome, as measured by Neck Disability Index (NDI), in adults after anterior cervical decompression and fusion (ACDF) for cervical radiculopathy.

Long-Term Risk of Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer in Biopsy-Negative Patients With Baseline Biparametric Prostate MRI.

Background: The long-term prevalence of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) in patients with initial negative prostate biopsy is unknown.

Purpose: To investigate the rate of csPCa of men with initial negative biopsy.

Study Type: Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data.

Induces Oral Microbial Dysbiosis and Promotes Oral Diseases.

are ubiquitous fungal organisms that colonize the oral cavity of healthy individuals without causing disease. is an opportunistic microorganism with several virulent factors that influence the inflammatory process and allow it to invade tissues, evade host defense mechanisms, and release toxins, facilitating proliferation and degradation. At present, increasing emphasis is placed on polymicrobial interactions between and various bacterial pathogens.

Biomarkers reflecting insulin resistance increase the risk of aortic stenosis in a population-based study of 10,144 Finnish men.

Aims: To investigate a comprehensive panel of biomarkers and risk of aortic stenosis (AS) in a prospective population-based study.

Methods: Anthropometric, metabolic, and inflammatory biomarkers were measured in the Metabolic Syndrome in the Men Study of 10,144 Finnish men without AS at baseline. Cases of AS were identified from the medical records.

Computerized decision support to optimally funnel patients through the diagnostic pathway for dementia.

Background: The increasing prevalence of dementia and the introduction of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) highlight the need for efficient diagnostic pathways in memory clinics. We present a data-driven approach to efficiently guide stepwise diagnostic testing for three clinical scenarios: 1) syndrome diagnosis, 2) etiological diagnosis, and 3) eligibility for DMT.

Methods: We used data from two memory clinic cohorts (ADC, PredictND), including 504 patients with dementia (302 Alzheimer's disease, 107 frontotemporal dementia, 35 vascular dementia, 60 dementia with Lewy bodies), 191 patients with mild cognitive impairment, and 188 cognitively normal controls (CN).

Starch intake and caries increment: A longitudinal study in Finnish adults.

Objective: To evaluate whether changes in starch intake (in terms of amount and food sources) were associated with increments in dental caries among adults.

Design: This is an 11-year longitudinal study (2000-2011) with duplicate assessments for all variables. A 128-item FFQ was used to estimate intake of starch (g/d) and six starch-rich food groups (potatoes, potato products, roots and tubers, pasta, wholegrains and legumes).

Association of the ascending aortic length with acute type A aortic dissection: A retrospective cohort study.

Background And Aims: To investigate whether, alongside aortic dilatation, ascending aortic (AA) elongation is associated with the increased risk for aortic dissection.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients treated for Stanford type A aortic dissection (n = 102) in Kuopio University Hospital between 2009 and 2022, patients with AA dilatation (maximal diameter > 40 mm) (n = 134), and healthy controls (n = 191). AA length and dimensions were measured from aortic computed tomography angiography (CTA) images.

Collaborative Outcomes Study on Health and Functioning During Infection Times (COH-FIT): Global and Risk-Group Stratified Course of Well-Being and Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Adolescents.

Objective: To identify the COVID-19 pandemic impact on well-being/mental health, coping strategies, and risk factors in adolescents worldwide.

Method: This study was based on an anonymous online multi-national/multi-language survey in the general population (representative/weighted non-representative samples, 14-17 years of age), measuring change in well-being (World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index [WHO-5]/range = 0-100) and psychopathology (validated composite P-score/range = 0-100), WHO-5 <50 and <29, pre- vs during COVID-19 pandemic (April 26, 2020-June 26, 2022). Coping strategies and 9 a priori- defined individual/cumulative risk factors were measured.

Effect of individually tailored nutritional counseling on frailty status in older adults with protein-energy malnutrition or risk of it: an intervention study among home care clients.

Background: Frailty and protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) are common in older home care clients. In this study, we evaluate the effect of individually tailored dietary counseling on frailty status among home care clients with PEM or its risk aged 75 or older with a follow-up of six months.

Methods: This intervention study is part of the non-randomized population-based Nutrition, Oral Health and Medication (NutOrMed) study in Finland.

Gut microbiota and gut-derived metabolites are altered and associated with dietary intake in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Background: Disturbances in the gut microbiota may act as mechanisms influencing the interplay between dietary factors and metabolic disorders. Studies have demonstrated that these alterations are associated with the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Within this context, we aimed to investigate associations between gut microbiota, gut-derived metabolites (short-chain fatty acids [SCFAs] and indole-3-propionic acid [IPA]), and dietary intake in women with PCOS.

Neuropsychiatric diagnoses after montelukast initiation in paediatric patients with asthma.

Background: The evidence base on montelukast-associated adverse outcomes is inconclusive in children and young persons (CYP) with asthma. We aimed to investigate 1-year incidence of neuropsychiatric diagnoses after initiation of montelukast as an adjunct therapy to inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) in CYP aged 3-17 years with asthma.

Methods: This propensity score matched cohort study was conducted using electronic health records between 2015 and 2019 in the TriNetX Analytics Network patient repository in the USA.

The effect of multidomain lifestyle intervention on health care service use and costs - secondary analyses from the Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER): a randomised controlled trial.

Background: The Finnish multidomain lifestyle intervention study to prevent cognitive impairment and disability (FINGER, N = 1259), a randomised controlled trial had beneficial effects on morbidity in older people, but to what extent such a lifestyle intervention may affect the use of health care services and their costs especially in long term are unknown.

Objective: This study investigated the effect of a two-year FINGER multidomain intervention on health care service use during the 8-year follow-up. The costs of service use were also evaluated.

Potassium disorders at intensive care unit admission and functional outcomes after cardiac arrest.

Background: Abnormal serum potassium levels are commonly found in the intensive care unit (ICU) population. We aimed to determine the prevalence of potassium disorders at ICU admission and its association with functional outcomes in comatose patients resuscitated from cardiac arrest.

Methods: We performed a post hoc analysis of pooled data from four randomised clinical trials involving comatose post-cardiac arrest patients admitted to ICU after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC).

A digitally supported multimodal lifestyle program to promote brain health among older adults (the LETHE randomized controlled feasibility trial): study design, progress, and first results.

Background: The Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER) multimodal lifestyle intervention yielded cognitive and other health benefits in older adults at risk of cognitive decline. The two-year multinational randomized controlled LETHE trial evaluates the feasibility of a digitally supported, adapted FINGER intervention among at-risk older adults. Technology is used to complement in-person activities, streamline the intervention delivery, personalize recommendations, and collect digital biomarkers.

The psychosocial effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on Turkish older adults: is there a difference between males and females?

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has seriously affected older adults' social lives, physical activity, and cognitive functions. Additionally, the lockdowns have disrupted regular healthcare for patients with chronic illnesses or needing acute care. Furthermore, the pandemic has negatively affected different psychosocial influences in each country due to the various cultural characteristics, technology, health system, and financial opportunities.

Video laryngoscopy in neonate and infant intubation-a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Unlabelled: We aimed to analyze the effect of video laryngoscopy on intubation success, time to intubation, and adverse events in infants and neonates. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed, for which a neonates (age less than 29 days) and infants (age less than 365 days) needing to be intubated were included. The main outcomes were first attempt success rate in the intubation, time to intubation, and adverse events.

Lower back pain amongst medical trainees in clinical rotations: implications for choosing future career regarding medical practice.

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is an increasing concern amongst medical students. There is a dearth of publications regarding how the occurrence of LBP impact medical trainees' career decisions.

Objective: To determine: (i) the point and annual prevalence of LBP amongst Ugandan medical students, (ii) its associated factors, and (iii) whether the experience of LBP during clinical rotations influence medical students' career choices regarding medical practice.

GLS2 links glutamine metabolism and atherosclerosis by remodeling artery walls.

Metabolic dysregulation, including perturbed glutamine-glutamate homeostasis, is common among patients with cardiovascular diseases, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Using the human MESA cohort, here we show that plasma glutamine-glutamate ratio is an independent risk factor for carotid plaque progression. Mice deficient in glutaminase-2 (Gls2), the enzyme that mediates hepatic glutaminolysis, developed accelerated atherosclerosis and susceptibility to catastrophic cardiac events, while Gls2 overexpression partially protected from disease progression.

Optimizing neurosurgery clinic operations: a comparative study of interventions in Finland's public healthcare system.

Background: The Finnish public healthcare system aims to ensure equal access to health services for all but faces challenges in meeting the demand for specialized care, such as neurosurgery, due to resource constraints. This study investigates interventions to increase resources at a neurosurgery outpatient clinic to improve patient care without compromising waiting times for diagnoses and treatments, leveraging Finland's unique healthcare landscape.

Methods: The study was conducted at Kuopio University Hospital's Department of Neurosurgery, the sole provider of neurosurgical care in Eastern Finland.