MicroRNA-31 triggers G/M cell cycle arrest, enhances the chemosensitivity and inhibits migration and invasion of human gastric cancer cells by downregulating the expression of zeste homolog 2 (ZH2).

Gastric cancer is the second most leading cause of cancer related mortality across the world over. Although the incidence of GC has declined to some extent but it is still the fourth highly diagnosed cancer across the world. GC generally remains undiagnosed till advanced stages due to unavailability of biomarkers and when diagnosed it becomes difficult to manage due to the lack of therapeutic targets and efficient chemotherapy.

Triptonide inhibits human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell growth via disrupting Lnc-RNA THOR-IGF2BP1 signaling.

Advanced stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has a poor prognosis. Triptonide ("TN") is a small molecule monomer extract from the ancient Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. We show that TN, at nanomolar concentrations, potently inhibited survival and proliferation of multiple established and primary human NPC cells.

Prognostic value of NM23 in patients with gastric cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim Of Study: NM23, as a possible biomarker of prognosis in malignant tumors, has generated remarkable interest in this critical period of the high morbidity and mortality of malignancies. Thus, we launched this meta-analysis to investigate the predictive value of NM23 expression in patients with gastric cancer.

Materials And Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science for relevant articles.

Phase 2 Study of Cyclophosphamide, Etoposide, and Estramustine in Patients With Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

Background: There are no effective chemotherapies for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) whose disease has failed to respond to taxanes or patients who do not wish to receive intravenous drugs. We hypothesized that low doses of multiple medications with prolonged exposure would result in a high response rate and low toxicity.

Patients And Methods: Patients with mCRPC were eligible for this phase 2 trial.

Prognostic value of transducer of ErbB2.1 (TOB1) expression in patients with gastric cancer: tissue microarray analysis.

Background: Transducer of ErbB2.1 (TOB1) protein plays an important role in cell cycle regulation, apoptosis induction, and metastasis inhibition. However, the prognostic value of TOB1 in the survival of gastric cancer (GC) patients has not been examined.

Prognostic significance of CIP2A expression in solid tumors: A meta-analysis.

CIP2A, cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A, was initially recognized as an oncoprotein. Recently several studies revealed that CIP2A could function as a prognosis biomarker, however, the result remained not comprehensive, partly due to small number of patients included individually. Here we carried out a meta-analysis of published studies to assess the prognostic significance of CIP2A in solid tumors.

Resveratrol ameliorates Lewis lung carcinoma-bearing mice development, decreases granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cell accumulation and impairs its suppressive ability.

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are a heterogeneous population of immature myeloid cells which consist of 2 subsets: granulocytic MDSC (G-MDSC) and monocytic MDSC (M-MDSC). MDSC expand in tumor-bearing hosts and contribute to immunotherapeutic resistance by remarkably blocking effector T-cell activation via different mechanisms. Resveratrol (RSV) is a polyphenol and it has been widely used for its various health benefits.

ZIC1 acts a tumor suppressor in breast cancer by targeting survivin.

In this study, we aimed to identify the tumor suppressive roles of zinc finger of the cerebellum 1 (ZIC1) in patients with malignant breast neoplasms and to examine the association between ZIC1 and survivin expression. For this purpose, 140 invasive breast cancer specimens, 1,075 RNA breast cancer samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), 6 human breast cancer cell lines and MCF-10A normal breast epithelial cells were selected in order to compare the expression level of ZIC1 with that of survivin via immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. Subsequently, the MDA-MB-231 and SK-BR3 cells with a lower ZIC1 expression were transfected with rLV-Zic1-PGK-Puro lentivirus or rLV-ZsGreen-PGK‑Puro lentivirus in order to observe any alterations in cell proliferation and apoptosis through MTT assay, colony formation assay, mitochondrial membrane potential assay and flow cytometric analysis, and to analyze the modulation of molecular mechanisms by western blot analysis.

Clinicopathologic and Prognostic Significance of the Zinc Finger of the Cerebellum Family in Invasive Breast Cancer.

Purpose: Five members of the zinc finger of the cerebellum (ZIC) family-ZIC1, ZIC2, ZIC3, ZIC4, and ZIC5-have been shown to be involved in various carcinomas. Here, we aimed to explore the clinicopathologic and prognostic roles of ZIC family members in invasive breast cancer patients using immunohistochemical analysis, western blotting analysis, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).

Methods: A total of 241 female invasive breast cancer patients who underwent radical mastectomy between 2009 and 2011 were enrolled.

Ginsenoside-Rg1 Protects against Renal Fibrosis by Regulating the Klotho/TGF-β1/Smad Signaling Pathway in Rats with Obstructive Nephropathy.

Ginsenoside-Rg1 (G-Rg1) is an agent isolated from Panax ginseng that exerts anti-fibrotic effects; however, the mechanism is still unclear. Herein, we investigated whether G-Rg1 administration can mitigate or reverse unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-induced renal fibrosis by regulating the Klotho/transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/Smad signaling pathway in rats. Sprague-Dawley male rats were subjected to UUO, and rats in the treatment group were administered G-Rg1 or G-Rg1 plus Klotho short hairpin RNA interference (shRNA), while rats in the control and model groups were administered vehicle for 14 d.

Itraconazole-Induced Inhibition on Human Esophageal Cancer Cell Growth Requires AMPK Activation.

We here evaluated the antiesophageal cancer cell activity by the antifungal drug itraconazole. Our results show that μg/mL concentrations of itraconazole potently inhibited survival and proliferation of established (TE-1 and Eca-109) and primary human esophageal cancer cells. Itraconazole activated AMPK signaling, which was required for subsequent esophageal cancer cell death.

Prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in gastric cancer.

The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have been presented to be a prognostic indicator in several types of cancer. However, these issues have not been concluded yet. The present study was therefore performed to determine the prognostic value of NLR and PLR in gastric cancer (GC).

microRNA-200a downregulation in human glioma leads to Gαi1 over-expression, Akt activation, and cell proliferation.

We previously identified a pivotal role for G protein α inhibitory subunit 1 (Gαi1) in mediating PI3K-Akt signaling by receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). Here, we examined the expression and biological function of Gαi1 in human glioma. Gαi1 mRNA and protein expression were significantly upregulated in human glioma tissues, which correlated with downregulation of an anti-Gαi1 miRNA: microRNA-200a ("miR-200a").

Prognostic value of SPARCL1 in patients with colorectal cancer.

Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine-like 1 (SPARCL1), a member of extracelluar matrix glycoprotein, has been reported to be associated with various tumor types. The present study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of SPARCL1 in patients with colorectal cancer. Tissue microarray blocks were constructed based on 79 patients who underwent radical surgery at the Kunshan First People's Hospital between 2008 and 2010.

Quercetin Pretreatment Attenuates Hepatic Ischemia Reperfusion-Induced Apoptosis and Autophagy by Inhibiting ERK/NF-B Pathway.

Background: Hepatic ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury is a common phenomenon in transplantation or trauma. The aim of the present study was to determine the protective effect of quercetin (QE) on hepatic IR injury via the ERK/NF-B pathway.

Methods: Mice were randomized into the sham, IR, QE100 + IR, and QE200 + IR groups.

Plasma s-Klotho is related to kidney function and predicts adverse renal outcomes in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease.

To investigate whether the soluble Klotho (s-Klotho) level in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is related to kidney function and whether a low s-Klotho level can predict adverse renal outcomes or CKD progression in patients with advanced CKD. 112 patients with CKD stages 3-5 and 30 healthy volunteers were enrolled. Blood samples were collected to measure serum creatinine, calcium, phosphorus, intact parathyroid hormone, and hemoglobin.

Prognostic value of HPV DNA status in cervical cancer before treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV), has been recognized as an vital preliminary event in the oncogenesis of cervical cancer. But the prognostic value is not well defined, because of past studies showing conflicting results. So we conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate whether HPV DNA status was associated with prognosis in cervical cancer.

The long noncoding RNA TUG1 acts as a competing endogenous RNA to regulate the Hedgehog pathway by targeting miR-132 in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Emerging evidence shows that the Hedgehog pathway and the long noncoding RNA TUG1 play pivotal roles in cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in tumors. However, the mechanism underlying the effect of TUG1 and the Hedgehog pathway in hepatoma remains undefined. In the present study, we showed that the expression of TUG1 was negatively correlated with that of microRNA (miR)-132, and depletion of TUG1 inhibited the activation of the Hedgehog pathway and .

Mislocalization of Runt-related transcription factor 3 results in airway inflammation and airway hyper-responsiveness in a murine asthma model.

The Runt-related transcription factor (RUNX) gene family consists of three members, RUNX1, -2 and -3, which heterodimerize with a common protein, core-binding factor β, and contain the highly conserved Runt-homology domain. RUNX1 and -2 have essential roles in hematopoiesis and osteogenesis. Runx3 protein regulates cell lineage decisions in neurogenesis and thymopoiesis.

p-Akt as a potential poor prognostic factor for gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

To understand the relationship between p-Akt expression and the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer, we searched six databases, Pubmed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang and CBM for relevant articles in order to conduct this metaanalysis. The pooled hazard ratios and corresponding 95%CI of overall survival were calculated to evaluate the prognostic value of p-Akt expression in patients with gastric cancer. With 2261 patients combined from 13 available studies, the pooled HR showed a poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer in the univariate analysis (HR=1.

Genistein suppresses aerobic glycolysis and induces hepatocellular carcinoma cell death.

Background: Genistein is a natural isoflavone with many health benefits, including antitumour effects. Increased hypoxia-inducible factor 1 α (HIF-1α) levels and glycolysis in tumour cells are associated with an increased risk of mortality, cancer progression, and resistance to therapy. However, the effect of genistein on HIF-1α and glycolysis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still unclear.

Immune checkpoint molecule PD-1 acts as a novel biomarker for the pathological process of gestational diabetes mellitus.

Aim: Accumulating evidence suggested that challenge of the maternal-fetal interaction during pregnancy might cause the impairment of immunological hemostasis and lead to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) pathological process. Immune checkpoint molecule PD-1 is one of the critical molecule balancing immune response and immunological tolerance.

Methods: PD-1 expressions on T-cell subsets of GDM patients and control groups were measured via flow cytometric analysis and followed up.

Metastatic Microcystic Adnexal Carcinoma with DNA Sequencing Results and Response to Systemic Antineoplastic Chemotherapy.

Microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC) is a rare cutaneous malignancy. Due to its rarity, the molecular characteristics and treatment for metastatic MAC remain undefined. Here we present, as far as we are aware, the first case of metastatic MAC with DNA sequencing results indicating a mutation in TP53 and chromosomal losses in cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) and cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2B (CDKN2B).