CircDNA2-Educated YTHDF2 Phase Separation Promotes PM-Induced Malignant Transformation Through the Blunting of GADD45A Expression.

Substantial epidemiological evidence suggests a significant correlation between particulate matter 2.5 (PM) and lung cancer. However, the mechanism underlying this association needs to be further elucidated.

Diagnostic accuracy of gasdermin D as a biomarker for necrotizing enterocolitis: a single-center diagnostic test study.

Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating gastrointestinal condition mainly affecting premature infants, and gasdermin D (GSDMD) has emerged as a molecule of interest due to its pivotal role in the inflammatory process called pyroptosis in NEC pathogenesis. The aim of this study is to examine the potential of GSDMD and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) as early diagnostic biomarkers for NEC.

Methods: We examined 207 infants with clinical symptoms of NEC admitted to our neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) between December 2023 and June 2024.

Diabetes-related cognitive impairment: Mechanisms, symptoms, and treatments.

Background: Diabetes-related cognitive impairment is increasingly recognized as a significant complication, profoundly impacting patients' quality of life. This review aims to examine the pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical manifestations, risk factors, assessment and diagnosis, management strategies, and future research directions of cognitive impairment in diabetes.

Methodology: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Medline, and other medical databases to identify, review, and evaluate published articles on cognitive impairment in diabetes.

Intrasporangium zincisolvens sp. nov., A Novel Actinobacterium Isolated from Rhizosphere Soil.

A novel phosphate-solubilizing and zinc-solubilizing actinobacterium strain YIM S08009 was isolated from rhizosphere soil collected from Pinus yunnanensis in Wuliangshan National Nature Reserve, Pu'er City, Yunnan Province, southwest PR China. Cells of strain YIM S08009 were Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, irregular rods to cocci, and formed yellow and white colonies on nutrient agar. Growth was observed at 10-40 °C (optimum 25-35 °C), pH 6.

Rationally designed universal passivator for high-performance single-junction and tandem perovskite solar cells.

Interfacial trap-assisted nonradiative recombination hampers the development of metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, we report a rationally designed universal passivator to realize highly efficient and stable single junction and tandem PSCs. Multiple defects are simultaneously passivated by the synergistic effect of anion and cation.

Exploring the coupling coordination relationship and obstacle factors of rural revitalization, new-type urbanization, and digital economy in China.

The digital economy injects new vitality into rural revitalization and new-type urbanization to achieve rural industrial transformation, while the countryside and the city provide the soil for the development of the digital economy. This research establishes the rural revitalization (RR), new-type urbanization (NU), and digital economy (DE) system and uses the coupled coordination degree (CCD) model and obstacle degree (OD) model to study the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and obstacle factors of the composite system in China from 2011 to 2021. The result showed that: (1) the comprehensive development level of the composite systems is on an upward trend year by year, but still shows a low-quality state; (2) the CCD of China's provinces shows a spatial evolution pattern of high in the east and low in the west; (3) The obstacle factors of the RR, NU, DE subsystem are mainly involved the number of rural doctors and health workers, local financial income per capita and science and technology expenditure, and the digital finance coverage breadth index.

Correlation of Hyaluronic Acid (HA), Syndecan-1 (SDC-1), Heparan Sulfate (HS) with early stage ad organ dysfunction in sepsis patients.

This study aimed to explore the relationship between the changes in early degradation products of polysaccharide coatings (such as hyaluronic acid (HA), syndecan-1 (SDC-1), and heparan sulfate (HS)) and the development of organ dysfunction in sepsis patients. We conducted a retrospective analysis on 140 sepsis patients admitted from January 2021 to June 2022, who formed the study group; 100 healthy individuals who underwent health checks during the same period were included as the control group. The study found that the expression levels of HA, SDC-1, and HS upon admission and within 24 hours of admission in sepsis patients, as well as the early change rates, were positively correlated with organ dysfunction (P < 0.

Factor structure and longitudinal measurement invariance of Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale during the whole perinatal period: a multicenter cohort study in China.

Background: Perinatal depression is common worldwide, which can cause many adverse effects on the physical and mental health of the mother and baby, as well as the whole family. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) is an efficient and effective instrument for perinatal depression. However, few studies have examined its longitudinal measurement invariance (LMI) during the whole perinatal period, which is particularly important in longitudinal studies, such as exploring developmental trajectories of perinatal depression and evaluating the effects of certain interventions.

Sodium Trithiocarbonate as a Promising Sulfidizing Agent for Efficient and Green Recovery of Azurite: Flotation Properties and Interaction Mechanism.

The sulfidization-xanthate flotation process has been used commercially with some success in recovering azurite, but it remains unsatisfactory in terms of the environmental impact and flotation index. To remediate these deficiencies, this study evaluated the flotation performance of sodium trithiocarbonate (NaCS) as a green sulfidizing agent for azurite. Flotation test results demonstrated that NaCS has the same efficacy as sodium sulfide but markedly superior activation performance.

Design, synthesis and activity evaluation of novel quinazolinone compounds as TRPC5 inhibitors.

The TRPC5 channel plays an important role in regulating various physiological processes, which is related to various human diseases, especially psychiatric and kidney diseases. Although the TRPC5 channel is one of the essential potential target, no drugs against TRPC5 channels have been granted in the market to date. In this study, based on the structure of hit compound ph1, we further synthesied 49 compounds of novel quinazolinone and heterocyclic fusion pyrimidinone derivatives, and their activities were evaluated by electrophysiological assays.

Scalable synthesis of (±)-gregatin A a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition strategy.

A 6-step gram-scale synthesis of the fungal polyketide (±)-gregatin A is described. The synthetic route features an intermolecular 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition, a Mo-mediated disconnection of the isoxazole skeleton, and an acid-mediated deprotection/enamine hydrolysis and hemiketalization cascade.

Enhanced bacteriostatic effects of phage vB_C4 and cell wall-targeting antibiotic combinations against drug-resistant .

is a vital zoonotic pathogen known for its extensive drug resistance and ability to form biofilms, which contribute to its antibiotic resistance. In this study, the phage vB_C4, specifically targeting , was isolated and subjected to bioinformatic analysis and bacteriostatic activity assays. The combination of phage vB_C4 with antibiotics such as cephalothin and cefoxitin, which target the bacterial cell wall, resulted in a significantly enhanced bacteriostatic effect compared to either the phage or antibiotics alone.

Metabolites, Biotransformation, and Plant-Growth Dual Regulatory Activity from Uncovered by the Fermentation Interaction with a Host.

One new azaphilone derivative () from in ordinary medium, one new phthalide derivative (), a microbial transformation product of ingredients by , a pair of new austdiol enantiomers (+)- and (-)-, one new epsilon-caprolactone derivative (), and one new ophiobolin-type sesterterpenoid () from the in host medium were reported. The structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compounds - could completely inhibit the germination of rice seeds at 50 μg/mL, which is higher than that of the positive control.

Drosophila CG11700 may not affect male fecundity-lifespan tradeoff as previously reported.

Our recent investigations on the function of Drosophila CG11700 and CG32744 (Ubi-p5E) genes using CRISPR/Cas9 deletion technology could not repeat or confirm the results on CG11700 shown in our previous study which was based on P-element excision assay (Zhan et al. 2012). Here by CRISPR/Cas9 editing, we generated mutants of CG32744 with the whole gene body fully deleted from the genome, and truncated mutants of CG11700 with N-terminal 103 aa deleted out of its total 301 aa peptide sequence.

High-Performance Perovskite Photodetectors with Suppressed Dark Current Density via Small Molecule in Antisolvent Strategy.

Dark current density, a critical parameter in perovskite photodetectors (PPDs), largely depends on the quality of the perovskite film. Herein, we introduce a new small molecule in antisolvent strategy to enhance perovskite film quality during the crystallization of Cs(FAMA)Pb(IBr). COTIC-4Cl, an N-type narrow bandgap nonfullerene small molecule with specific functional group, could strongly bind to the uncoordinated Pb in the perovskite with assistance of antisolvent, enabling rapid supersaturation of perovskite solution and form dense structures under low-temperature annealing.

Visualizing stepwise evolution of carbon hybridization from sp to sp and to sp.

Regulating carbon hybridization states lies at the heart of engineering carbon materials with tailored properties but orchestrating the sequential transition across three states has remained elusive. Here, we visiualize stepwise evolution in carbon hybridizations from sp³ to sp² and to sp states via dehydrogenation and elimination reactions of methylcyano-functionalized molecules on surfaces. Utilizing scanning probing microscopy, we distinguish three distinct carbon-carbon bond types within polymers induced by annealing at elevated temperatures.

Modeling early gastrulation in human blastoids with DNA methylation patterns of natural blastocysts.

Blastoids are a promising model for studying early human embryogenesis, but current models have limitations in post-implantation development and lack comprehensive epigenetic assessments, especially regarding genomic imprinting. These issues can lead to failures in accurately modeling early embryonic development. In this study, we developed a high-fidelity blastoid model using 4 chemicals + leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) (4CL) naive human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) (4CL blastoids).

Dual modes of DNA N-methyladenine maintenance by distinct methyltransferase complexes.

Stable inheritance of DNA N-methyladenine (6mA) is crucial for its biological functions in eukaryotes. Here, we identify two distinct methyltransferase (MTase) complexes, both sharing the catalytic subunit AMT1, but featuring AMT6 and AMT7 as their unique components, respectively. While the two complexes are jointly responsible for 6mA maintenance methylation, they exhibit distinct enzymology, DNA/chromatin affinity, genomic distribution, and knockout phenotypes.

Leaf nitrogen and phosphorus are more sensitive to environmental factors in dicots than in monocots, globally.

Leaf nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) levels provide critical strategies for plant adaptions to changing environments. However, it is unclear whether leaf N and P levels of different plant functional groups (e.g.

The Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot for ferns: Updated phylogeny, hidden diversity, and biogeography of the java fern genus (Polypodiaceae).

The Indo-Burma Biodiversity Hotspot is renowned for its rich biodiversity, including that of vascular plants. However, the fern diversity and its endemism in this hotspot have not been well understood and so far, the diversity of very few groups of ferns in this region has been explored using combined molecular and morphological approaches. Here, we updated the plastid phylogeny of the Java fern genus with 226 (115% increase of the latest sampling) samples across the distribution range, specifically those of three phylogenetically significant species, , .

Biodegradable copper-doped calcium phosphate nanoplatform enables tumor microenvironment modulations for amplified ferroptosis in cervical carcinoma treatment.

As a recently discovered form of regulated cell death, ferroptosis has attracted much attention in the field cancer therapy. However, achieving considerably enhanced efficacy is often restricted by the overexpression of endogenous glutathione (GSH) in tumor microenvironment (TME). In this work, we report a ferroptosis-inducing strategy of GSH depletion and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation based on a biodegradable copper-doped calcium phosphate (CaP) with L-buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) loading (denoted as BSO@CuCaP-LOD, BCCL).

Nutritional health aspects and functional properties of nut yogurt: Future perspectives.

The increase in lactose intolerance, the rise of veganism, the pursuit of healthy lifestyles, environmental awareness and concern for animal welfare have led to an increase in consumer demand for plant-based yogurts. The high nutritional value of nuts makes them an ideal ingredient for the production of plant-based yogurts. The main challenge for such products is to achieve a similar taste to traditional yogurt while improving shelf life.

Synthesis of a three-phase heterojunction NdVO/VO/BiVO by cation exchange method for the degradation of anionic azo dye orange II.

Photocatalytic degradation of the azo dye orange II using NdVO/VO/BiVO under visible light is reported here, and this oxygen-rich defect three-phase heterojunction structure is constructed using a two-step cation exchange method. This heterojunction significantly enhances the separation and migration efficiency of photo-induced charges, while the accompanying oxygen defects effectively capture photogenerated electrons, thereby suppressing the recombination of electrons and holes. Experimental characterization and theoretical calculations demonstrate the efficient separation and transfer capabilities of photogenerated carriers and their excellent photocatalytic degradation performance.