A 4-year-old Boy Positive for Anti-rabphilin-3A Antibody and Diagnosed With Lymphocytic Infundibuloneurohypophysitis.

Lymphocytic infundibuloneurohypophysitis (LINH) is a disease with an etiology involving an autoimmune mechanism, characterized by lymphocytic inflammation of the posterior pituitary and infundibular stalk, resulting in arginine vasopressin deficiency. It is difficult to distinguish from pituitary neoplasm or infiltrative diseases, and biopsy is necessary for a definitive diagnosis, but this is highly invasive. In children, it is especially important to distinguish LINH from tumors such as germ cell tumors.

The benefits and accuracy of real-time continuous glucose monitoring in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes attending a summer camp.

Aims/introduction: This study evaluated the usability, satisfaction, and accuracy of a real-time continuous glucose monitoring (rt-CGM) in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) attending a summer camp.

Materials And Methods: Seven children and adolescents with T1D (camper) and 31 of healthcare providers (HCPs) participating in a 2-day summer camp in Kumamoto, Japan were enrolled. The usability and satisfaction were evaluated by tailored questionnaire.

Synergistic effect of independent risk factors for post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis: a multicenter retrospective study in Japan.

Background/aims: This study aimed to examine the synergistic effect of independent risk factors on post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis (PEP).

Methods: This multicenter retrospective study included 1,273 patients with native papillae who underwent ERCP for bile duct stones in Japan. Independent PEP risk factors were identified using univariate and multivariate analyses.

Flow independent black blood imaging with a large FOV from the neck to the aortic arch: A feasibility study at 3 tesla.

Purpose: To investigate the feasibility of obtaining black-blood imaging with a large FOV from the neck to the aortic arch at 3 T using a newly modified Relaxation-Enhanced Angiography without Contrast and Triggering for Black-Blood Imaging (REACT-BB).

Materials And Methods: REACT-BB provides black-blood images by adjusting the inversion time (TI) in REACT to the null point of blood. The optimal TI for REACT-BB was investigated in 10 healthy volunteers with TI varied from 200 ms to 1400 ms.

Pulmonary Nocardiosis With Endobronchial Involvement Caused by Nocardiaaraoensis.

We report a rare case of pulmonary nocardiosis with endobronchial involvement caused by Nocardia araoensis. A 79-year-old man with a history of asthma and a previous right upper lobectomy for lung cancer and organizing pneumonia presented with cough and dyspnea. He presented with right bronchial stenosis associated with various mucosal lesions, including ulcerative and exophytic lesions.

Ongoing impacts of childhood-onset glomerular diseases during young adulthood.

Background: Childhood-onset glomerular disease often requires ongoing treatment and follow-up into adulthood. However, few studies have analyzed the associated impact and distress experienced by patients with this condition during the transition from childhood to adolescence and adulthood.

Methods: At three facilities, we recruited patients who developed idiopathic nephrotic syndrome or IgA nephropathy during childhood and were at least 18 years old at the time of study entry.

Comparison of Outcomes between a Basket Catheter and a Balloon Catheter for Endoscopic Common Bile Duct Stone Removal.

Introduction: Evidence for the outcomes of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) between a basket catheter and a balloon catheter for endoscopic common bile duct stone (CBDS) removal is lacking. This study aimed to compare ERCP outcomes using a basket catheter and a balloon catheter for endoscopic CBDS removal.

Methods: This multicenter retrospective study included 904 consecutive patients with native papilla who underwent endoscopic stone removal for CBDS ≤10 mm using a basket catheter and/or a balloon catheter at three institutions in Japan.

Post-endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Pancreatitis after Conservative Treatment for Symptomatic Bile Duct Stones.

Introduction: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for asymptomatic common bile duct stones (CBDS) has been associated with an increased risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP). Patients with asymptomatic CBDS at the time of ERCP include those with incidentally discovered CBDS (group A) and previously symptomatic patients with CBDS who became asymptomatic after conservative treatment for symptomatic CBDS, including obstructive jaundice or acute cholangitis (group B). In this study, we aimed to examine PEP risk in group B by comparing PEP risks between groups A, B, and currently symptomatic patients (group C).

Two children with lymphocytic hypophysitis presenting with positive anti-rabphilin-3A antibody.

Lymphocytic hypophysitis (LYH) is a rare chronic inflammatory disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the anterior or posterior pituitary gland and hypothalamus. LYH is subdivided into lymphocytic adenohypophysitis (LAH), lymphocytic infundibulo-neurohypophysitis (LINH), and lymphocytic panhypophysitis (LPH) depending on the primary site. Most cases occur in adults, with few cases reported in children, and it is especially important to distinguish LYH from suprasellar malignancies, such as germ cell tumors and other neoplastic diseases.

Unnecessary endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography associated with the spontaneous passage of common bile duct stones into the duodenum: a multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Unnecessary endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) after spontaneous passage of common bile duct stones (CBDSs) should be avoided. This study aimed to examine the cumulative diagnosis rate and the predictive factors of spontaneous CBDS passage during the interval between the imaging diagnosis and ERCP.

Methods: This multicenter retrospective study included 1260 consecutive patients with native papilla diagnosed with CBDSs using imaging modalities.

Effect of contact vector direction on achieving cavotricuspid isthmus block.

Cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI) ablation is an important treatment strategy for CTI-dependent atrial flutter (AFL). The location of the catheter contact area is confirmed by the contact vector direction (CVD) through three-dimensional mapping during the procedure. However, the relationship between CVD during radiofrequency ablation and its efficacy in achieving CTI block has not been clarified.

Predictors of early postoperative cognitive dysfunction in middle-aged patients undergoing cardiac surgery: retrospective observational study.

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the incidence and risk factors of early post-operative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in middle-aged patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Methods: Data were examined retrospectively from 71 patients aged 46-64 years who underwent elective cardiac surgery. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and MR angiography were obtained preoperatively to assess prior cerebral infarctions, carotid artery stenosis, and intracranial arterial stenosis.

Interstitial Lung Disease in Adulthood Associated with Surfactant Protein C Gene Mutation in a Patient with a History of Lipoid Pneumonia in Infancy.

Mutations in the surfactant protein C gene (SFTPC) are responsible for hereditary interstitial lung disease (ILD), which is a rare disease. We herein report a patient with a clinical history of endogenous lipoid pneumonia in infancy who developed diffuse progressive pulmonary fibrosis in adulthood associated with SFTPC mutations. A surgical lung biopsy and genetic sequencing revealed fibrotic interstitial pneumonia and two SFTPC mutations (c.

A phase II study of S-1 and cisplatin with concurrent thoracic radiotherapy followed by durvalumab for unresectable, locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer in Japan (SAMURAI study): primary analysis.

Background: The standard of care for unresectable, locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC) is chemoradiotherapy (CRT) followed by durvalumab, based on the PACIFIC study. Although multiple Japanese phase II studies have shown high efficacy and tolerability of CRT with cisplatin plus S-1 (SP), no prospective study using durvalumab after SP-based CRT has been reported.

Objectives: We conducted a multicenter phase II study of this approach, the interim analysis of which showed a high transition rate to durvalumab consolidation therapy.

Outcomes of pediatric obesity-related lifestyle disease screenings in Kumamoto.

Background: Obesity is an important issue causing both health hazards and socioeconomic loss to those affected. Kumamoto City regularly performs obesity-related lifestyle disease screenings for fourth grade children with obesity, including physical examinations, blood tests, and special examination referrals. We retrospectively analyzed the outcomes of the screenings conducted from 2011 to 2020.

Safety and efficacy of osimertinib rechallenge or continuation after pneumonitis: A multicentre retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: Although osimertinib is a standard first-line treatment for patients with advanced-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, the incidence rate of pneumonitis associated with osimertinib is high. However, there are few reports about the safety and efficacy of osimertinib rechallenge after the development of pneumonitis.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective multicentre cohort study of consecutive patients who developed pneumonitis associated with osimertinib as a first-line and received osimertinib rechallenge.