[Difficulties in surgical treatment of fixed cardiofundal axial esophageal hiatal hernia].

One of the most common gastrointestinal diseases is esophageal hiatal hernia. It is the third most common disease after peptic ulcer and cholecystitis. We present surgical treatment of a patient with fixed axial cardiofundal hiatal hernia and previous laparoscopic repair of large hiatal hernia.

Reconstruction of the pelvic floor and perineal wound after extralevator abdominoperineal resection of the rectum.

This article presents an innovative technique for perineal wound reconstruction following extralevator abdominoperineal excision (ELAPE) in rectal cancer surgery. The authors trace the evolution of surgical methods for rectal cancer treatment, from W.E.

The Role of Inflammatory and Hemostatic Markers in the Prediction of Severe Acute Pancreatitis: An Observational Cohort Study.

Introduction: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a serious inflammatory disease of the pancreas that can lead to significant morbidity and increased mortality. The special role of inflammation and disruption of the hemostatic system in the development of severe forms of the disease is known, however, the relationship between inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and thromboelastogram parameters has not been sufficiently studied.

Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the prognostic significance of thromboelastogram parameters, interleukin-6, and interleukin-22 levels in assessing the risk for developing severe forms of acute pancreatitis.

Relationship of Iron Deficiency, Anemia and Combination of Iron Deficiency With Anemia With Severity of Manifestations of Chronic Heart Failure. Additional Analysis of the Study "Prevalence of Iron Deficiency in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure in the Russian Federation (J-CHF-RF)".

Aim      To evaluate the role of iron deficiency (ID) identified by various criteria, anemia, and the combination of ID and anemia in determining the severity of the clinical course of chronic heart failure (CHF) in a retrospective analysis of data from 498 patients who participated in the ID-CHF-RF Russian multicenter program.Material and methods  ID was diagnosed by the following three criteria established by the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the Russian Society of Cardiology (RSC): 1) ferritin concentration <100 μg/l or ferritin concentration 100-299 μg/l in combination with a decreased transferrin saturation (TS) <20%; 2) ID criteria that showed a high sensitivity and specificity when compared with bone marrow morphology (BMM): TS ≤19.8% or serum iron (SI) ≤13 μmol/l; and 3) a composite index including a ferritin concentration <100 μg/l in combination with TS <20% and SI ≤13 μmol/l.

Functional Assessment of Rat Sciatic Nerve Regeneration Using a Nerve Conduit Based on Ion Exchange Membrane.

The problem with modern nerve conduits is inability to transmit nerve impulses to the distal part of the damaged nerve. Cationic conductivity is a necessary characteristic of the nerve conduit ensuring effective regeneration of the peripheral nerves. We performed a functional assessment of the regeneration of rat sciatic nerve using a nerve conduit based on an ion-exchange membrane.

[Approaches for improvement of ocular surface condition in primary open-angle glaucoma].

Purpose: This study compares the effectiveness of various approaches to improvement of ocular surface condition in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients with dry eye syndrome (DES) and meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).

Material And Methods: The study included 48 patients with stage II POAG, compensated with a fixed-combinations of dorzolamide and timolol (FC-DT) containing benzalkonium chloride (BAC), in the presence of DES and MGD. After randomization, patients in group 1 (=24) received FC-DT without BAC along with eyelid hygiene ("Blepharogel cleansing", "Blepharolotion", "Blepharogel-1"), while patients in group 2 received only FC-DT without BAC.

[Horizontal pyeloureteral anastomosis in patients with UPJ obstruction has anatomical and functional advantages over vertical anastomosis].

Introduction: The standard approach to the treatment of short ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction is the Anderson-Hynes procedure. Despite its high efficiency and low complication rate, there are ongoing studies which study the modification of the procedure using open, laparoscopic, and robotic approaches.

Aim: To describe a modified pyeloplasty technique with an assessment of the anatomical and functional results in comparison with the Anderson-Hynes procedure.

[Microbial spectrum of urine before and after transurethral procedures on the prostate in patients with postoperative urinary tract infections].

Aim: To evaluate the microbial spectrum of urine before and after transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) in patients with postoperative infectious complications.

Materials And Methods: A single-center retrospective observational study between 2016 and 2023 was carried out. Patients who developed urinary tract infections (UTIs) after mono- or bipolar TURP during the hospitalization were included.

Inflammatory and Lipid Biomarkers in Early Atherosclerosis: A Comprehensive Analysis.

Introduction: Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of cardiovascular disease, characterized by lipid accumulation and chronic inflammation within arterial walls. Early detection in young adults is crucial for preventing adverse cardiovascular events. This study investigates the associations between inflammatory indices, lipid biomarkers, and the presence of atherosclerosis in patients aged 18 to 55 years.

Non-immunogenic recombinant staphylokinase versus alteplase for patients with massive pulmonary embolism: a randomized open-label, multicenter, parallel-group, non-inferiority trial, FORPE.

Background: Non-immunogenic staphylokinase is a modified recombinant staphylokinase with low immunogenicity, high thrombolytic activity, and fibrin selectivity.

Objectives: To assess the safety and efficacy of a single intravenous bolus of non-immunogenic staphylokinase compared with those of alteplase in patients with massive pulmonary embolism and hemodynamic instability.

Methods: A randomized, open-label, multicenter, parallel-group, non-inferiority trial, the FORPE (FORtelyzin Pulmionary Embolism), was conducted in Russia.

Original Moxonidine and Generics: Where is the Edge of Difference?

Aim: To compare the efficacy of adding original moxonidine and its generics to previous ineffective antihypertensive therapy in patients with poorly controlled arterial hypertension (AH).

Material And Methods: This observational prospective non-randomized study included 120 patients with poorly controlled blood pressure on the previous antihypertensive therapy. All patients underwent clinical evaluation, including anthropometric and laboratory indexes, and 24-hour blood pressure monitoring (24-h BPM) at baseline and after 12 weeks of observation.

[Artificial ventilation in patients with stroke: main results of the Russian multicenter observational clinical trial RETAS].

Objective: To analyze the relationship between the characteristics of respiratory support (RS) for patients with stroke and clinical factors with the number and structure of complications, deaths, and length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) and duration of artificial pulmonary ventilation (ALV).

Material And Methods: The Russian multicenter observational clinical study «Respiratory Therapy for Acute Stroke» (RETAS) that enrolled 1289 patients with stroke requiring RS was conducted under the auspices of the All-Russian public organization «Federation of Anesthesiologists and Resuscitators». Indications for ALV, the use of hyperventilation, the maximum level of positive end-expiratory pressure, starting modes of mechanical ventilation, timing of tracheostomy, the incidence of protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) and infectious complications were analyzed.

[Efficacy and safety of levilimab in the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis].

Aim: Evaluation in real clinical practice of the effectiveness and safety of levilimab therapy in patients with highly and moderately active rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Materials And Methods: A prospective observational study (6 months) involving 35 patients with RA (29 women and 6 men, mean age 53.17±13.

[A Case of Successful Treatment of Severe Hyperlipidemia After Heart Transplantation With Inclisiran].

The prognosis after heart transplantation continues to improve. Therefore, the prevention of chronic post-transplant sequelae, such as chronic kidney disease, allograft vasculopathy, and malignancies is becoming increasingly important. Everolimus, an inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), is increasingly used for immunosuppression after heart transplantation.

Circumventing Cardiovascular Calamities: The Dawn of ANGPTL3 Blockade in Severe Dyslipidemia Management.

The landscape of severe dyslipidemia treatment is undergoing a remarkable transformation with the advent of angiopoietin-like 3 (ANGPTL3) inhibitors. ANGPTL3, a pivotal regulator of lipoprotein lipase and endothelial lipase, orchestrates the catabolism of triglyceride-rich and high-density lipoproteins, thus playing a critical role in lipid homeostasis. This review article examines the therapeutic potential of ANGPTL3 blockade and its implications for patients with severe dyslipidemias, particularly those unresponsive to traditional lipid-lowering regimens.

[Medical and legal aspects of the responsibility of medical workers in cases of improper provision of medical care].

The article considers the concept of medical incidents of «improper provision of medical care», implying the action or inaction of a medical worker who violates the procedure for providing medical care established by regulatory legal acts and standards. The relevance of the study of issues related to the medical and legal norms of holding medical workers accountable when medical care is of inadequate quality is due to the importance of understanding offenses in the medical field and assessing the responsibility of medical workers, who act as criteria for the presence of problems in the medical field and the impetus for reforming the health system.

[The aspects of implementation of digital technologies under rendering of services in health care: The publications review].

The article presents review summarizing contemporary National and foreign experience of implementing digital technologies under provision of services in health care. The systematic analysis of data from Scopus, eLibrary, PubMed and others electronic databases permitted to select 30 sources in Russian and English for 2016-2023. Modern digitization trends affect collaborations of companies where vectors of modernization become development of unified digital framework based on common state information system of health care; common educational platform for medical knowledge enriching by AI capabilities, through development of organizational activities and workflows based on digital technologies and services utilizing digital transformation.

The place of beta-adrenergic receptor blockers in the treatment of arterial hypertension: From bench-to-bedside.

Arterial hypertension is a multifaceted condition influenced by numerous pathophysiological factors. The key contributors to its pathogenesis encompass an unhealthy lifestyle, dysregulation of the sympathetic nervous system, alterations in the activity of adrenergic receptors, disruptions in sodium metabolism, structural and functional abnormalities in the vascular bed, as well as endothelial dysfunction, low-grade inflammation, oxidative stress etc. Despite extensive research into the mechanisms of arterial hypertension development over the centuries, its pathogenesis remains incompletely understood, and the selection of an effective treatment strategy continues to pose a significant challenge.