Deciphering the Ligand-Binding Site in a DNA Aptamer Targeting Deoxynivalenol.

Food safety is one of the primary demands of modern society. Mycotoxins are toxic metabolites of food-contaminating fungi. Fungi enter the food chain by infecting crops and irreversibly contaminate them due to the structural stability of mycotoxins.

Securing IoT devices with zero day intrusion detection system using binary snake optimization and attention based bidirectional gated recurrent classifier.

The fast improvement of cyberattacks in the area of the Internet of Things (IoT) presents novel safety challenges to zero-day attacks. Intrusion detection systems (IDS) are generally focused on exact attacks to defend the use of IoT. However, the attacks were unidentified, for IDS still signifies tasks and concerns about consumers' data privacy and safety.

Enhancing human computer interaction with coot optimization and deep learning for multi language identification.

Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) is a multidisciplinary field focused on designing and utilizing computer technology, underlining the interaction interface between computers and humans. HCI aims to generate systems that allow consumers to relate to computers effectively, efficiently, and pleasantly. Multiple Spoken Language Identification (SLI) for HCI (MSLI for HCI) denotes the ability of a computer system to recognize and distinguish various spoken languages to enable more complete and handy interactions among consumers and technology.

Analysis of environmental factors influencing lumpy skin disease outbreak seasonality and assessment of its spread risk in the Saratovskaya oblast of Russia.

Background And Aim: Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a transboundary viral disease of cattle that causes serious economic losses due to a significant decrease in meat and milk productivity. This study analyzed the influence of natural and anthropogenic environmental factors on LSD spread seasonality and assessed the risk of LSD outbreaks in the Saratovskaya oblast of the Russian Federation.

Materials And Methods: Data on LSD outbreaks and environmental factors during different seasons were collected for the period 2011-2020 in the Balkan Peninsula, Middle East, and Russia.

Development of Methods for Remote Monitoring of Leaf Diseases in Wheat Agrocenoses.

The development of remote methods for diagnosing the state of crops using spectral equipment for remote sensing of the Earth and original monitoring tools is the most promising solution to the problem of monitoring diseases of wheat agrocenoses. A research site was created on the experimental field of the Federal Research Center of Biological Plant Protection. Within the experimental field with a total area of 1 ha, test plots were allocated to create an artificial infectious background, and the corresponding control plots were treated with fungicides.

Influence of a Single Deuterium Substitution for Protium on the Frequency Generation of Different-Size Bubbles in IFNA17.

The influence of a single H/H replacement on the frequency generation of different-size bubbles in the human interferon alpha-17 gene (IFNA17) under various energies was studied by a developed algorithm and mathematical modeling without simplifications or averaging. This new approach showed the efficacy of researching DNA bubbles and open states both when all hydrogen bonds in nitrogenous base pairs are protium and after an H-substitution. After a single deuterium substitution under specific energies, it was demonstrated that the non-coding region of IFNA17 had a more significant regulatory role in bubble generation in the whole gene than the promoter had.

The structure of forest vegetation on industrial landfills of different ages.

The purpose of the research is to describe plant community formation on the quarry surfaces to determine a path for optimal revegetation. To achieve the goal, the studies determined soil pH, the content of skeletal fraction, basal respiration, and performed the acidimetric assessment of CO. The research program aimed to investigate the peculiarities of plant communities' formation in areas with different degrees of revitalization and investigate the influence of soil cover on plant associations.

Stability of Ion Exchange Membranes in Electrodialysis.

During electrodialysis the ion exchange membranes are affected by such factors as passage of electric current, heating, tangential flow of solution and exposure to chemical agents. It can potentially cause the degradation of ion exchange groups and of polymeric backbone, worsening the performance of the process and necessitating the replacement of the membranes. This article aims to review how the composition and the structure of ion exchange membranes change during the electrodialysis or the studies imitating it.

Short-Term Stability of Electrochemical Properties of Layer-by-Layer Coated Heterogeneous Ion Exchange Membranes.

Layer-by-layer adsorption allows the creation of versatile functional coatings for ion exchange membranes, but the stability of the coating and resulting properties of modified membranes in their operation is a frequently asked question. This paper examines the changes in voltammetric curves of layer-by-layer coated cation exchange membranes and pH-metry of desalination chamber with a studied membrane and an auxiliary anion exchange membrane after short-term tests, including over-limiting current modes. The practical operation of the membranes did not affect the voltammetric curves, but enhanced the generation of H and OH ions in a system with polyethylenimine modified membrane in Ca containing solution.

Influence of Single Deuterium Replacement on Frequency of Hydrogen Bond Dissociation in IFNA17 under the Highest Critical Energy Range.

The effect of single substitutions of protium for deuterium in hydrogen bonds between pairs of nitrogenous bases on the open states occurrence probability at high critical breaking energies of these bonds has been studied. The study was carried out using numerical methods based on the angular mathematical model of DNA. The IFNA17 gene was divided into three approximately equal parts.

Stability of Properties of Layer-by-Layer Coated Membranes under Passage of Electric Current.

Electrodialysis with layer-by-layer coated membranes is a promising method for the separation of monovalent and polyvalent ions. Since the separation selectivity is significantly reduced in the presence of defects in the multilayer system, the stability of the modifiers becomes an important issue. This article reports the i-V curves of layer-by-layer coated membranes based on the heterogeneous MK-40 membrane before and after 50 h long electrodialysis of a solution containing sodium and calcium ions at an underlimiting current density, and the values of concentrations of cations in the desalination chamber during electrodialysis.

Reticulate evolution underlies synergistic trait formation in human communities.

This paper investigates how reticulate evolution contributes to a better understanding of human sociocultural evolution in general, and community formation in particular. Reticulate evolution is evolution as it occurs by means of symbiosis, symbiogenesis, lateral gene transfer, infective heredity, and hybridization. From these mechanisms and processes, we mainly zoom in on symbiosis and we investigate how it underlies the rise of (1) human, plant, animal, and machine interactions typical of agriculture, animal husbandry, farming, and industrialization; (2) diet-microbiome relationships; and (3) host-virome and other pathogen interactions that underlie human health and disease.

Analysis of peste des petits ruminants virus spread and the risk of its introduction into the territory of the Russian Federation.

Aim: This study examines methods to effectively control peste des petits ruminants (PPR), an emerging, highly contagious, transboundary disease that has been designated as a highly dangerous disease by the World Organization for Animal Health. Mathematical modeling was used as a predictive and preventive tool to assess the risk of PPR virus spread in the model area and the probability of its introduction into the territory of the Russian Federation.

Materials And Methods: PPR risk assessment was performed by modeling the pathogen's ecological niche by performing linear regression analysis in the geographic information system ESRI ArcGIS Desktop and maximum entropy methods using MaxEnt software.

Draft Genome Sequence of Bacillus velezensis Strain Krd-20 with Antifungal Activity, a Biotechnologically Important Isolate from Wheat Root Zone.

Bacillus velezensis Krd-20 strain with antifungal activity was isolated from the wheat rhizosphere. This strain is used to suppress fungi of the Fusarium sp. when growing oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus).

Smartphone based aptasensors as intelligent biodevice for food contamination detection in food and soil samples: Recent advances.

Nowadays, the integration of conventional analytical approaches with smartphones has been developed novel, emerging and affordable devices for improving on-site detection platforms in the fields of food safety. Smartphone-based aptasensors as the next generation of portable aptasensing technique has attracted considerable attention as it offers a semi-automated user interface that can be exploited by inexpert characters. Wireless data transferability is an undeniable advantage that home-testing platforms have as well as it can suggest high computational power.

Protective effects of summer savory (Satureja hortensis) oil on growth, biochemical, and immune system performance of common carp exposed to pretilachlor herbicide.

There are many reports on the deleterious effects of herbicides on aquatic organisms which lead to tremendous biological, environmental and economical damage. In this regard, in the present study, the protective effect of summer savory (Satureja hortensis) essential oil (SEO) against pretilachlor, one of the most used herbicides was investigated in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). The fish assigned to six treatment groups (T: control treatment; T: 25% LC pretilachlor herbicide; T: 50% LC pretilachlor herbicide; T: 1% SEO; T: 25% LC pretilachlor herbicide + 1% SEO; and T: 25% LC pretilachlor herbicide + 1% SEO) for 21 days.

Surface-Oxidized Polymer-Stabilized Silver Nanoparticles as a Covering Component of Suture Materials.

In this work, we obtained silver nanoparticles stabilized with polyvinylpyrrolidone, ranging in size from 70 to 110 nm, which exhibits good crystallinity and anisotropic structure. For the first time, we studied the influence of the molar ratio of silver between silver and peroxide on the oxidation process of the nanoparticles and determined the regularities of this process by analyzing changes in absorption spectra. Our results showed that at molar ratios of Ag:HO = 1:1 and 1:5, dependences of changes in the intensity, position and half-width of the absorption band of the plasmon resonance are rectilinear.

Survey of ground beetles inhabiting agricultural crops in south-east Kazakhstan.

Ground beetles (Carabid beetles) may be found in virtually all of the world's habitats. They are one of the three most diverse families of extant beetles, with 34,275 species documented, and they serve as vital ecological markers in all environments. Edaphic living beetles catch and eat a wide variety of arthropods that live in the soil.

Industrial emissions effect into atmospheric air quality: mathematical modeling.

This paper presents the results of modeling the distribution process of industrial emission components at specified distances from the emission source along the normal. The model uses a system of differential diffusion equations to compute the concentration profiles of aerosols, industrial gases, and fine particles in the atmosphere. In order to investigate the regularity of the emitter propagation into the atmosphere, a theory of impurity dispersion was developed.

Changes in Number and Antibacterial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles on the Surface of Suture Materials during Cyclic Freezing.

This article presents the results of the 10-fold cyclic freezing (-37.0 °C) and thawing (0.0 °C) effect on the number and size range of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs).

Restoration of vegetation around mining enterprises.

This paper is devoted to the restoration of vegetation around mining areas on the example of two land-reclamation zones in the Borodinsky coal mine during spring-summer of 2011-2021. Analysis of vegetation in this area has shown that indicators of spontaneous plant diversity in plots No. 1 and No.

Agrobiological evaluations of newly introduced grapes varieties under climatic conditions of the south of Kazakhstan.

Variety assortment enhancement is a normal task that involves enhancing the assortment's quality and upgrading varieties. The findings of a research of imported grape varieties in the southeast of Kazakhstan, namely in the Almaty region's bottom-mountain zone, are presented in this article. The onset and conclusion of the main phenological phases of a grape plant throughout the vegetative period were directly influenced by the climatic and meteorological conditions of this district.

Dependence of Electrochemical Properties of MK-40 Heterogeneous Membrane on Number of Adsorbed Layers of Polymers.

The creation of monovalent selective ion exchange membranes benefits the desalination of surface waters by removing interfering monovalent ions while preserving polyvalent ionic nutrients. Studies of a promising method of layer-by-layer adsorption of polymers for the creation of monovalent selective coatings note a significant effect of the number of formed layers and of the nature of the external layer on the properties of the resulting membranes. This article reports the changes in properties of layer-by-layer coated heterogeneous membranes occurring at increasing numbers of layers that are attributed to the supposed intermixing of polymers between the layers, namely dependence of limiting current densities determined from i-V curve, enhanced electroconvection that was attributed to the appearing electrical heterogeneity of the surface, and the decreasing monovalent selectivity in electrodialysis of mixed NaCl + CaCl solution (from 1.

Strains for Protecting Cucumber Plants from Root-Knot Nematode in a Greenhouse.

Kofoid et White is one of the most dangerous root-knot nematodes in greenhouses. In this study, we evaluated two strains ( BZR 86 and BZR 277) as promising microbiological agents for protecting cucumber plants from the root-knot nematode Kof. The morphological and cultural characteristics and enzymatic activity of the strains have been studied and the optimal conditions for its cultivation have been developed.