Effect of conventional antihypertensive drugs on hypolipidemic action of garlic in rats.

The present study was undertaken to determine the possible alteration in hypolipidemic actions of garlic homogenate (GH) in presence of conventional antihypertensive drugs, propranolol (PRO), hydrochlorothiazide (HYD) and captopril (CAP). Albino rats fed with normal fat diet (NFD) or high fat diet (HFD) were treated with GH at three different doses (125, 250 and 500 mg/kg) orally for 30 days or in combination with PRO (10 mg/kg, po), HYD (10 mg/kg, po) and CAP (30 mg/kg, po) during last 7 days of GH treatment. After the treatment, total cholesterol (TC), LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride (TG) and HDL-cholesterol were measured in serum and antiatherogenic index was calculated.

Design and evaluation of itraconazole loaded solid lipid nanoparticulate system for improving the antifungal therapy.

The objective of the study was to design and evaluate itraconazole loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) drug delivery system, where itraconazole nanoparticles with suitable size ranges are expected to improve the therapeutic efficacy and reduction of toxicity of this broad spectrum antifungal agent. Components of the SLNs were lipid (palmitic acid) and surfactants (Pluronic F127 and Tween 40). The itraconazole loaded nanoparticles were prepared by microemulsion dispersion method.

Wound healing activity of Sesamum indicum L seed and oil in rats.

The seeds of S. indicum L (Pedaliaceae) are used traditionally in the folklore for the treatment of various kinds of wounds. The present study was undertaken to verify the effect of S.

Pharmacodynamic interaction of Momordica charantia with rosiglitazone in rats.

The present study was undertaken to determine the interaction of rosiglitazone, a PPAR-gamma agonist with methanolic extract of Momordica charantia L (MC), an herbal drug used widely as an antidiabetic agent. The pharmacodynamic interaction was evaluated in oral glucose tolerance test, streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes in adult rats and STZ induced diabetes in neonatal rats. Rosiglitazone was given orally at two different doses of 2mg/kg and 5mg/kg and MC was administered at a dose of 500 mg/kg, p.

Antiulcer activity of cod liver oil in rats.

Objective: Cod liver oil is used widely as a dietary supplement. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of cod liver oil (0.5 g/kg, p.

Effect of centchroman on cellular and humoral immunity.

Centchroman (Ormeloxifene) is a nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor modulator that is used as once a week oral contraceptive agent. The effect of centchroman on the immune system was evaluated by using different experimental models such as carbon clearance test, cyclophosphamide induced neutropenia, neutrophil adhesion test, effect on serum immunoglobulins, mice lethality test and indirect haemagglutination test. The first three models namely carbon clearance test, cyclophosphamide induced neutropenia and neutrophil adhesion test were used to study cell mediated immunity while the latter three models were used to see the effect on humoral immunity.

Effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha agonist (bezafibrate) on gastric secretion and gastric cytoprotection in rats.

The effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-alpha) on gastric secretion and gastric cytoprotection was evaluated using five different models of gastric ulcers: acetic acid-induced chronic gastric ulcers, pylorus ligation, ethanol-induced, indomethacin-induced and ischemia-reperfusion-induced gastric ulcers. Bezafibrate, a PPAR-alpha agonist was administered at two different doses of 10 and 100 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneanally. Both doses of bezafibrate showed significant antiulcer effect in ethanol-induced, indomethacin-induced and pylorus ligation-induced gastric ulcers.

Formualtion and evaluation of floating drug delivery system containing clarithromycin for Helicobacter pylori.

Floating matrix tablets are designed to prolong the gastric residence time after oral administration, at a particular site and controlling the release of drug especially useful for achieving controlled plasma level as well as improving bioavailability. With this objective, floating dosage form containing clarithromycin as drug was designed for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori. Tablets containing hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), drug and different additives were compressed using wet granulation and D-optimal design technique.

Evaluation of Tectona grandis leaves for wound healing activity.

The frontal leaves of Tectona grandis (Verabinaceae) are widely used in the folklore for the treatment of various kinds of wounds, especially burn wound. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of hydrochloric extract of Tectona grandis on experimentally induced wounds in rats and compare the effects observed with a known wound healing agent, Aloe vera. The models selected were excision wound, incision wound, burn wound and dead space wound.

Entrapment of andrographolide in cross-linked alginate pellets: II. Physicochemical characterization to study the pelletization of andrographolide.

This paper deals with the characterization of pellets containing andrographolide in two parts. The first part deals with characterization of the pellets to ascertain the identity and integrity of andrographolide. Part two involves characterization of the pellets containing Andrographis paniculata extract (33.

Entrapment of andrographolide in cross-linked alginate pellets: I. Formulation and evaluation of associated release kinetics.

Andrographolide, the 'King of bitters' requires high doses in the form of an extract (33.3%w/w) to be used as a hepatoprotectant. Since a large dose of this herb is known to cause gastric distress, vomiting, loss of appetite and nausea on regurgitation, it was thought of to convert the drug itself into a bitterless micropellet.

Pharmacological evaluation of Pachyrrhizus erosus (L) seeds for central nervous system depressant activity.

The research work deals with the screening of ethanol and chloroform extracts of Pachyrrhizus erosus seeds for central nervous system (CNS) depressant activity. The Pachyrrhizus erosus seed is known to contain rotinoids, flavonoids and phenylfuranocoumarin derivatives as chemical components and is reported to have antifungal, antisecretory, insecticides, antibacterial and spasmolytic activity. Since seeds of Pachyrrhizus erosus is used as folk medicine in treatment of insomnia, we made an attempt to study its CNS depressant effect.

Formulation and evaluation of mucoadhesive dosage form containing rosiglitazone maleate.

Extending the residence time of a dosage form at a particular site and controlling the release of drug from the dosage form are useful especially for achieving controlled plasma level of the drug as well as improving bioavailability. The objective of this study was to extend the GI residence time of the dosage form and control the release of rosiglitazone using mucoadhesive tablet to achieve controlled plasma level of the drug which is especially useful after 8 to 12 weeks of monotherapy using conventional dosage forms when dose is doubled and plasma level also doubles. Direct compression method using simplex lattice design, followed by optimization of the evaluation parameters was employed to get final optimized formulation.

Optimization of bilayer floating tablet containing metoprolol tartrate as a model drug for gastric retention.

The purpose of the present study was to develop an optimized gastric floating drug delivery system (GFDDS) containing metoprolol tartrate (MT) as a model drug by the optimization technique. A 2(3) factorial design was employed in formulating the GFDDS with total polymer content-to-drug ratio (X1), polymer-to-polymer ratio (X2), and different viscosity grades of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) (X3) as independent variables. Four dependent variables were considered: percentage of MT release at 8 hours, T50%, diffusion coefficient, and floating time.

Effect of hexane extract of Boswellia serrata oleo-gum resin on chemically induced liver damage.

The hexane extract of oleo-gum-resin of Boswellia serrata (BSHE) was evaluated for its effect on liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride, paracetamol or thioacetamide. The BSHE was given in two different doses (87.5 mg/kg p.

Hepatoprotective activity of Psidium guajava Linn. leaf extract.

The study was designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of P. guajava in acute experimental liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride, paracetamol or thioacetamide and chronic liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride. The effects observed were compared with a known hepatoprotective agent, silymarin.

Development of three layered buccal compact containing metoprolol tartrate by statistical optimization technique.

The objective of this work to evaluate the effect of formulation variables on release properties and bioadhesive strength in development of three layered buccal compact containing highly water-soluble drug metoprolol tartrate (MT) by statistical optimization technique. Formulations were prepared based on rotatable central composite design with peripheral polymer ratio (carbopol 934P: HPMC 4KM) and core polymer ratio (HPMC 4KM: sodium alginate) as two independent formulation variables. The three layered buccal compact comprises a peripheral layer, core layer and backing layer.

Synthesis and in vivo analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of some bi heterocyclic coumarin derivatives.

Sets of coumarinyl ethers having chromone, benzofuranyl and 4-hydroxy coumarins (4, 5, 6) were prepared and tested for analgesic and antiinflammatory activity. The 4-(4'-acetyl-3'-hydroxy-phenoxymethyl)-coumarin 3 were synthesised by the reaction of 4-bromo methyl coumarin with 2, 4-dihydroxy acetophenones, were found to less active. Further compound 3 having the ortho hydroxy moiety was cyclised to chromones 4 and benzofurans 5 were found to enhance the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity.

Pro-healing effect of Cinnamomum zeylanicum bark.

The ethanol extract of the bark of Cinnamomum zeylanicum was evaluated for wound healing activity in Wistar rats. The extract was administered by the oral route at a dose of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg body weight (1/8 and 1/4 of LD(50), respectively) for all the wound models selected, excision, incision and dead space wounds. The extract significantly enhanced the wound breaking strength in the case of incision wound, the rate of wound contraction and the period of epithelization in the case of excision wound.

Preliminary study on antifertility activity of Calotropis procera roots in female rats.

The effect of ethanolic extract of the roots of Calotropis procera has been studied in albino rats to explore its antifertility and hormonal activities. A strong antiimplantation (inhibition 100%) and uterotropic activity was observed at the dose level of 250 mg/kg (1/4 of LD(50)). No antiestrogenic activity could be detected.