Cellular stress response and neuroprotection of flavonoids in neurodegenerative diseases: Clinical insights into targeted therapy and molecular signaling pathways.

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are caused by the gradual decline of neuronal structure and function, which presents significant challenges in treatment. Cellular stress responses significantly impact the pathophysiology of these disorders, often exacerbating neuronal damage. Plant-derived flavonoids have demonstrated potential as neuroprotective agents due to their potent anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and antioxidant properties.

Recent Advances in the Development and Utilization of Nanoparticles for the Management of Malignant Solid Tumors.

The purpose of nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems or novel drug delivery systems is to improve the effectiveness of therapy, and their promising properties have led to their increasing significance in the management of cancer. The researchers have primarily focused on designing novel nanocarriers, like nanoparticles (NPs), that can effectively deliver drugs to target cells and respond specifically to conditions particular to cancer. Whether passive or active targeting, these nanocarriers can deliver therapeutic cargoes to the tumor site to release the drug from the drug delivery systems.

Current Perspectives on Development and Applications of Cocrystals in the Pharmaceutical and Medical Domain.

In recent years, the design of pharmaceutical cocrystals has garnered significant attention. The process of cocrystallization offers a remarkable opportunity to develop drug products with enhanced properties such as improved stability, solubility, hygroscopicity, dissolution rate, and bioavailability. This detailed review delves into this evolving area, thereby exploring its relevance in pharmaceutical formulation by defining cocrystals and their practical applications and also by discussing methods for their preparation as well as characterization.

Evaluation of Anxiolytic Activity of Angiotensin Receptor Blockers Using Actophotometer Test in Wistar Rats.

Introduction Anxiety disorders are common mental illnesses impacting quality of life, with current treatments like benzodiazepines and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) facing limitations due to side effects. Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), used primarily for hypertension, have shown potential neuropsychiatric benefits, including anxiolytic effects. This study explores the anxiolytic effects of two ARBs, telmisartan and losartan, by evaluating locomotor activity in Wistar rats, aiming to identify new treatment options for anxiety through modulation of the renin-angiotensin system.

An Insight Into the Bacteriological Profile: Escalating Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and the Spectrum of Multidrug-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae at a Tertiary Care Center in Western Maharashtra.

Background:  Enterobacteriaceae are a group of aerobic and facultative anaerobic Gram-negative bacilli known to cause various infections in healthy folks and those with preexisting health conditions.

Aim:  Current research focuses on analyzing the bacteriological profile of clinical isolates, examining their antimicrobial susceptibility and the spectrum of drug resistance.

Materials And Methods:  The study was conducted on patients admitted to the inpatient/outpatient department at Krishna Hospital, Karad.

Effects of Berberis asiatica, Withania somnifera, and Their Combination on Body Weight in Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide-Induced Type 2 Diabetes in Wistar Rats.

Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion, and beta cell dysfunction, often leading to chronic hyperglycemia and associated complications. () and () are ancient medicinal plants with a reputation for having potential therapeutic effects in diabetes management. The purpose of this study was to look into how body weight (BW) was affected in streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NIC) induced T2DM in Wistar rats by , , and their polyherbal combination (PHC).

Evaluation of Lipid Profile Modulation by Berberis asiatica, Withania somnifera, and Their Synergy in Type 2 Diabetic Wistar Rats.

Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and hyperglycemia, leading to complications such as dyslipidemia, which increases cardiovascular risks. Current treatments for dyslipidemia often have undesirable side effects. This study aims to evaluate the effects of  (),  (), and their combination in the ratio of 1:1 on the lipid profile in T2DM-induced Wistar rats.

Evaluation of Post-Operative Pain and Healing in Single-Visit versus Multiple-Visit Root Canal Therapy.

Background: " (RCT)" is a common endodontic procedure targeted at preserving teeth compromised by pulp infection. The debate over the optimal number of visits for RCT remains inconclusive, with single- and multiple-visit approaches both being advocated.

Methods: A prospective research was conducted on 100 subjects undergoing RCT at a tertiary care center.

Early Diagnosis of Neonatal Sepsis Using Hematological Profiles.

Preterm and extremely low-birth-weight newborns are at a higher risk for early-onset neonatal sepsis (NN-SP). This condition is often linked to intrapartum fever, PROM, and sepsis occurring within the first day of life. The causal pathogen can be acquired through intrauterine transmission or from the mother's flora.

Evaluation of Prevention of Initial Enamel Lesions around Orthodontic Brackets by Using Different Remineralizing Agents: An Original Research.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of various remineralizing agents in stopping the early enamel lesions surrounding orthodontic brackets from progressing.

Techniques: Four groups were randomly allocated to a total of 100 participants: the control group (no treatment), calcium phosphate, casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), and fluoride varnish. Remineralizing chemicals were administered in accordance with manufacturer recommendations, and enamel lesions were created around orthodontic brackets.

Impact of Foot Reflexology Versus Simple Massage on Vital Signs, Anxiety, and Pain During Blood Transfusion Among Children With Thalassemia.

Introduction Children with thalassemia often require repeated invasive treatments and frequent hospitalizations, resulting in pain, anxiety, and altered vital signs. Implementing non-invasive, non-pharmacological, and inexpensive complementary practices can benefit both the child and their family. Aim This study aimed to evaluate the impact of foot reflexology versus simple massage on vital signs, anxiety, and pain induced by blood transfusions in children with thalassemia.

Prevalence and patterns of workplace cyberbullying among dental and medical undergraduate students. A cross-sectional study.

Background: Cyberbullying is an act of bullying that is conducted through the use of technology in an online mode such as over social media platforms or via text-based messages. It is an intentionally repeated aggressive activity in which harm is inflicted on a person using electronic media. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and pattern of workplace cyberbullying in undergraduate students inmedical and dental streams.

Antibiotic Resistance Profiles of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL)- and Metallo-β-Lactamase (MBL)-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates From Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Implications for Treatment Strategies.

Background Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are prevalent complications of diabetes mellitus, often leading to severe infections and adverse clinical outcomes. , a gram-negative bacterium, has emerged as a significant causative agent in DFU infections, raising concerns due to its increasing antibiotic resistance, particularly in extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) production. Aim This study aimed to comprehensively assess the prevalence, antibiotic resistance profiles, and clinical correlates of ESBL- and MBL-producing isolates specifically derived from DFUs.

Clinicohistopathological Correlation and Prognostic Significance of Molecular Biomarkers in Urinary Bladder Neoplasms: A Comprehensive Analysis.

Background: Urinary bladder neoplasms constitute a heterogeneous group of tumors with diverse clinical behaviors and outcomes. Understanding the correlation between clinicopathological characteristics and the prognostic significance of molecular biomarkers in bladder cancer is vital for personalized treatment strategies and improved patient outcomes.

Objective: This prospective observational study aimed to comprehensively investigate the clinicopathological correlations and prognostic significance of molecular biomarkers in urinary bladder neoplasms.

Clinical and Hematological Correlates of Hemolytic Anemia in Diabetic Foot Ulcer Patients: A Prospective Observational Study.

Background Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a significant complication of diabetes mellitus and are often accompanied by various complications including hemolytic anemia. However, the clinical and hematological correlates of hemolytic anemia in patients with DFU remain poorly understood. This prospective observational study aimed to investigate the clinical and hematological correlates of hemolytic anemia in patients with DFU and to elucidate the potential mechanisms underlying this complication and its impact on wound healing.

Effect of Multicomponent Exercise Program on Pain and Functional Mobility in Antitubercular Drug Therapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Survivors.

Objectives:  Exercise therapy is a pivotal component in the multidisciplinary approach to managing tuberculosis (TB)-related peripheral neuropathy (PN). A personalized exercise protocol maximizes therapeutic benefits while minimizing the risk of symptom exacerbation. This study aimed to determine the effect of multicomponent exercise programs on pain and functional mobility in antitubercular drug therapy-induced PN in pulmonary TB survivors.

Evaluation of Serum Cancer Antigen (CA)-125 Levels as a Biomarker for Ovarian Lesions: Correlation With Histopathological Diagnosis and Clinical Outcomes.

Background:  Ovarian cancer is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among women worldwide. Early detection and accurate diagnosis are crucial for improving patient outcomes. Serum biomarkers, such as cancer antigen 125 (CA-125), have shown promise in aiding the diagnosis and monitoring of ovarian lesions.

Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of AmpC Beta-Lactamase in Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Findings From a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Background and aim is an opportunistic pathogen responsible for various healthcare-related infections, which are difficult to treat due to intrinsic and acquired resistance. This study aimed to investigate AmpC β-lactamase production using phenotypic and genotypic methods in strains isolated from a tertiary care hospital in Karad, Maharashtra, India. Material and methods Over one year, a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Microbiology, Krishna Institute Medical Sciences, Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth, Karad.