Standardizing hysteroscopy teaching: development of a curriculum using the Delphi method.

Background: Hysteroscopy is performed often and in many indications but is challenging to learn. Hands-on training in live patients faces ethical, legal, and economic obstacles. Virtual reality simulation may hold promise as a hysteroscopy training tool.

Final results of the phase III URO-BCG 4 multicenter study: efficacy and tolerance of one-third dose BCG maintenance in nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer.

The objective of this study was to assess at 3 years bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) maintenance treatment for NMIBC using one-third dose schedule and fewer instillations every 3 or 6 months. This was a phase III randomized study including patients with intermediate-risk or high-risk NMIBC, who received, after a full-dose induction schedule, three-weekly instillations of one-third dose BCG every 6 months (group I) and two-weekly instillations every 3 months (group II) during 3 years. We assessed oncological efficacy, BCG side effects, leukocyturia, and prostate-specific antigen.

A European survey of perendoscopic treatment of biliary complications in patients with alveolar echinococcosis.

Background: Biliary complications represent a turning point in the course of Alveolar Echinococcosis (AE). We conducted a European survey to collect data on the current usage and results of perendoscopic interventions (PEIs) for their treatment.

Methods: Patient's characteristics and follow-up until January 31st, 2015 were recorded using an online questionnaire.

Previous Exposure to Multiple Anti-TNF Is Associated with Decreased Efficiency in Preventing Postoperative Crohn's Disease Recurrence.

Background And Aims: Infliximab and adalimumab are increasingly used to prevent postoperative recurrence in Crohn's disease patients. The impact of previous exposure to one or more anti-tumour necrosis factor [TNF] agents before surgery on the efficacy of anti-TNF therapy on postoperative recurrence is unknown.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of Crohn's disease patients who underwent surgical bowel resection with anastomosis and prophylactic treatment with anti-TNF therapy between January 2005 and June 2013.

Recent advances in the management of atypical meningiomas.

Based on the 2007 WHO classification, the proportion of atypical meningiomas has steeply increased. Complete resection is usually considered curative, however, the recurrence rate remains high. The treatment of more aggressive meningiomas remains problematic.

High Mortality Risk in Hypoglycemic and Dysglycemic Children Admitted at a Referral Hospital in a Non Malaria Tropical Setting of a Low Income Country.

Introduction: Hypoglycemia is a recognized feature of severe malaria but its diagnosis and management remain problematic in resource-limited settings. There is limited data on the burden and prognosis associated with glycemia dysregulation in non-neonate children in non-malaria areas. We prospectively assessed the abnormal blood glucose prevalence and the outcome and risk factors of deaths in critically ill children admitted to a national referral hospital in Laos.

Outcomes of patients admitted to intensive care units for acute manifestation of small-vessel vasculitis: a multicenter, retrospective study.

Background: The outcomes of patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for acute manifestation of small-vessel vasculitis are poorly reported. The aim of the present study was to determine the mortality rate and prognostic factors of patients admitted to the ICU for acute small-vessel vasculitis.

Methods: This retrospective, multicenter study was conducted from January 2001 to December 2014 in 20 ICUs in France.

Use of Procalcitonin Assays to Predict Serious Bacterial Infection in Young Febrile Infants.

Importance: The procalcitonin (PCT) assay is an accurate screening test for identifying invasive bacterial infection (IBI); however, data on the PCT assay in very young infants are insufficient.

Objective: To assess the diagnostic characteristics of the PCT assay for detecting serious bacterial infection (SBI) and IBI in febrile infants aged 7 to 91 days.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A prospective cohort study that included infants aged 7 to 91 days admitted for fever to 15 French pediatric emergency departments was conducted for a period of 30 months (October 1, 2008, through March 31, 2011).

Musculoskeletal symptoms in patients with cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes: a large database study.

Objective: To determine the type and frequency of musculoskeletal symptoms at onset and during followup of cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS).

Methods: We retrospectively recorded the articular and muscular symptoms of patients with CAPS followed up in French hospitals. Data were presented as frequencies or the median (range), and patient groups were compared using chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and Mann-Whitney test.

Efficacy of anti-TNF alpha in severe and/or refractory Behçet's disease: Multicenter study of 124 patients.

Objective: To report the efficacy and safety of anti-TNF agents in patients with severe and/or refractory manifestations of Behçet's disease (BD).

Methods: We performed a multicenter study of main characteristics and outcomes of anti-TNF alpha treatments [mainly infliximab (62%), and adalimumab (30%)] in 124 BD patients [48% of men; median age of 33.5 (28-40) years].

Study protocol. TRAAP - TRAnexamic Acid for Preventing postpartum hemorrhage after vaginal delivery: a multicenter randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a major cause of maternal mortality, accounting for one quarter of all maternal deaths worldwide. Estimates of its incidence in the literature vary widely, from 3 % to 15 % of deliveries. Uterotonics after birth are the only intervention that has been shown to be effective in preventing PPH.

Olmesartan-associated enteropathy: results of a national survey.

Background: Recently, a new enteropathy has been described: olmesartan-associated enteropathy. However, the association has been questioned: a phase 3 trial and a cohort study found no association between gastrointestinal events and olmesartan.

Aim: To collect French cases of sartan-associated enteropathy to describe further this entity, confirm or refute causality, and determine if the association exists with other sartans.

MALIGNANT TRANSFORMATION OF CRANIAL NERVE SCHWANNOMA AFTER RADIOSURGERY - CASE REPORT.

We describe an unusual case of malignant transformation of benign cranial nerves schwannoma eleven months after surgery and five months post radiotherapy. There has been no evidence of recurrence after 5 years follow-up. This early malignant transformation of a schwannoma involved cranial nerves IX, X, XI.

The vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII).

The vestibulocochlear nerve (8th cranial nerve) is a sensory nerve. It is made up of two nerves, the cochlear, which transmits sound and the vestibular which controls balance. It is an intracranial nerve which runs from the sensory receptors in the internal ear to the brain stem nuclei and finally to the auditory areas: the post-central gyrus and superior temporal auditory cortex.

Testicular schistosomiasis.

Testicular schistosomiasis is extremely rare, with only 12 cases reported. Reaching the diagnosis for this lesion that mimics malignant tumor is a great dilemma for the radiologist as well as the urologist. We report a case of testicular schistosomiasis from France that was managed conservatively.

Changes in severity and organ failure scores as prognostic factors in onco-hematological malignancy patients admitted to the ICU.

Objective: To determine whether severity and organ failure scores over the first 3 days in an ICU predict in-hospital mortality in onco-hematological malignancy patients.

Design And Setting: Retrospective study in a 22-bed medical ICU.

Patients: 92 consecutive patients with onco-hematological malignancies including 20 hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) patients (11 with allogenic HSCT).

The enkephalinase inhibitor, acetorphan, in acute diarrhoea. A double-blind, controlled clinical trial versus loperamide.

The antidiarrhoeal properties of acetorphan, an inhibitor of enkephalinase (EC 3.4.24.