Composition and Content of Fatty Acids in Muscle Tissue of the Potanin Altai Osman Oreoleuciscus potanini (Cypriniformes, Actinopterigii) from Mongolian Reservoirs.

The composition of fatty acids in the muscle tissue of the unique Central Asian carp-like fish, Potanin Altai osman Oreoleuciscus potanini, was studied for the first time. The populations of these fish in the reservoirs of the semiarid zone (Durgun and Taishir) during the period of their formation are considered. It was shown that the content of eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids in O.

Fauna and Ecology of Macromycetes (Basidiomycota) in the Arctic Tree and Shrub Ecosystems of Central Siberia.

The research was aimed at studying the taxonomic diversity, habitat specialization, and trophic characteristics of mycobiota, including Basidiomycota, in the northern ecosystems of the Krasnoyarsk Krai (Central Siberia) near Norilsk. Larch forests and woodlands in the Siberian permafrost zone are distinctive and Basidiomycota, as a component of these ecosystems, plays an essential role in their functioning. Currently, there is a paucity of information about this group in Arctic ecosystems, both in terms of floristic and ecological aspects.

Bioluminescent aptamer-based microassay for detection of melanoma inhibitory activity protein (MIA).

Melanoma inhibitory activity protein (MIA) does obviously offer the potential to reveal clinical manifestations of melanoma. Despite a pressing need for effective diagnosis of this highly fatal disease, there are no clinically approved MIA detection ELISA kits available. A recommended MIA threshold has not yet been defined, mostly by reason of variability in immunoglobulins' affinity and stability, the difference in sample preparation and assay conditions.

Topography hierarchy of biocompatible polyhydroxyalkanoate film.

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are used for various biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility. Surface properties, such as surface roughness, are crucial for PHAs performance. Traditional parameters used for the characterization of surface roughness, such as , are often insufficient to capture the complex and hierarchical (multiscale) topography of PHA films.

Inherited Structure Properties of Larch Arabinogalactan Affected via the TEMPO/NaBr/NaOCl Oxidative System.

Arabinogalactan (AG), extracted from larch wood, is a β-1,3-galactan backbone and β-1,6-galactan side chains with attached α-1-arabinofuranosyl and β-1-arabinopyranosyl residues. Although the structural characteristics of arabinogalactan II type have already been studied, its functionalization using 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl (TEMPO) oxidation remains a promising avenue. In this study, the oxidation of AG, a neutral polysaccharide, was carried out using the TEMPO/NaBr/NaOCl system, resulting in polyuronides with improved functional properties.

The molecular structure, vibrational spectra, solvation effect, non-covalent interactions investigations of psilocin.

Psilocin, or 4-HO-DMT (or 3-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-1H-indol-4-ol), is a psychoactive alkaloid substance from the tryptamine family, isolated from Psilocybe mushrooms. This substance is being studied by various research groups because it has a clear therapeutic effect in certain dosages. In this work, the study of the structure and properties of psilocin was carried using theoretical methods: the effects of polar solvents (acetonitrile, dimethylsulfoxide, water, and tetrahydrofuran) on the structural parameters, spectroscopic properties (Raman, IR, and UV-Vis), frontier molecular orbital (FMO), molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) surface, and nonlinear optical parameters (NLO).

The Preparation and Contact Drying Performance of Encapsulated Microspherical Composite Sorbents Based on Fly Ash Cenospheres.

Sorption technologies are essential for various industries because they provide product quality and process efficiency. New encapsulated microspherical composite sorbents have been developed for resource-saving contact drying of thermolabile materials, particularly grain and seeds of crops. Magnesium sulfate, known for its high water capacity, fast sorption kinetics, and easy regeneration, was used as an active moisture sorption component.

The use of bioluminescent enzyme bioassay for the analysis of human saliva: Advantages and disadvantages.

The purpose of the work was to find optimal conditions for bioluminescent enzymatic analysis of saliva (based on the use of NADH:FMN oxidoreductase + luciferase) and then to determine the biological effect of using bioluminescence assay of saliva to study the physiological state of the body under normal and pathological conditions. The saliva of snowboarders and students were studied in the "rest-training" model. The saliva of patients diagnosed with acute pharyngitis was examined in the "sick-healthy" model.

Biological invasions are a population-level rather than a species-level phenomenon.

Biological invasions pose a rapidly expanding threat to the persistence, functioning and service provisioning of ecosystems globally, and to socio-economic interests. The stages of successful invasions are driven by the same mechanism that underlies adaptive changes across species in general-via natural selection on intraspecific variation in traits that influence survival and reproductive performance (i.e.

Biosynthesis of Polyhydroxyalkanoates in B-10646 on Saturated Fatty Acids.

It has been established that the wild-type B-10646 strain uses saturated fatty acids (SFAs) for growth and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) synthesis. It uses lauric (12:0), myristic (14:0), palmitic (16:0) and stearic (18:0) acids as carbon sources; moreover, the elongation of the C-chain negatively affects the biomass and PHA yields. When bacteria grow on C12 and C14 fatty acids, the total biomass and PHA yields are comparable up to 7.

Correction: Volova et al. Laser Processing of Polymer Films Fabricated from PHAs Differing in Their Monomer Composition. 2021, , 1553.

In the original publication [...

Functional Screening of cDNA Expression Library for Novel Ctenophore Photoproteins.

The functional screening of cDNA libraries (or functional cloning) enables isolation of cDNA genes encoding novel proteins with unknown amino acid sequences. This approach is the only way to identify a protein sequence in the event of shortage of biological material for obtaining pure target protein in amounts sufficient to determine its primary structure, since sensitive functional test for a target protein is only required to successfully perform functional cloning. Commonly, bioluminescent proteins from representatives belonging to different taxa significantly differ in sequences due to independent origin of bioluminescent systems during evolution.

Expression, Purification, and Determination of Sensitivity to Calcium Ions of Ctenophore Photoproteins.

Light-sensitive Ca-regulated photoproteins of ctenophores are single-chain polypeptide proteins of 206-208 amino acids in length comprising three canonical EF-hand Ca-binding sites, each of 12 contiguous residues. These photoproteins are a stable complex of apoprotein and 2-hydroperoxy adduct of coelenterazine. Addition of calcium ions to photoprotein is only required to trigger bright bioluminescence.

Effects of iron oxide nanoparticles on the gene expression profiles of cerebral endotheliocytes and astrocytes.

Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are considered as the most biocompatible magnetic materials suitable for biomedical applications. Nevertheless, there are many evidences of their toxicity for living organisms and partially neurotoxicity. The central nervous system is protected from undesirable substances circulating in the bloodstream by the blood-brain barrier (BBB).

Mathematical modeling of quorum sensing dynamics in batch culture of luminescent bacterium Photobacterium phosphoreum 1889.

At the beginning of the paper, the level of necessary phenomenology of complex models is discussed. When working with complex systems, which of course include living organisms and ecological systems, it is necessary to use a phenomenological description. An illustration of the phenomenological approach is given, which captures the most significant general principles or patterns of interactions; the specific values of the parameters cannot be calculated from the first principles, but are determined empirically.

Border cell population size and oxidative stress in the root apex of Triticum aestivum seedlings exposed to fungicides.

Fungicides reduce the risk of mycopathologies and reduce the content of mycotoxins in commercial grain. The effect of fungicides on the structural and functional status of the root system of grain crops has not been studied enough. In this regard, we studied the phytocytotoxic effects tebuconazole (TEB) and epoxiconazole (EPO) and azoxystrobin (AZO) in the roots of Triticum aestivum seedlings in hydroponic culture.

Association of Blood NK Cell Phenotype with the Severity of Liver Fibrosis in Patients with Chronic Viral Hepatitis C with Genotype 1 or 3.

Background: NK cells phenotype and functional state in different genotypes of chronic viral hepatitis C (CVHC), depending on liver fibrosis severity, have not been sufficiently studied, which limits the possibilities for the development of pathology therapy.

Methods: The CVHC diagnosis was based on the EASL recommendations (2018). Clinical examination with liver elastometry was performed in 297 patients with genotype 1 and in 231 patients with genotype 3 CVHC.

Traditional multilocus phylogeny fails to fully resolve Palearctic ground squirrels (Spermophilus) relationships but reveals a new species endemic to West Siberia.

Previous efforts to reconstruct evolutionary history of Palearctic ground squirrels within the genus Spermophilus have primarily relied on a single mitochondrial marker for phylogenetic data. In this study, we present the first phylogeny with comprehensive taxon sampling of Spermophilus via a conventional multilocus approach utilizing five mitochondrial and five nuclear markers. Through application of the multispecies coalescent model, we constructed a species tree revealing four distinct clades that diverged during the Late Miocene.

Fatty Acid Profile of Juvenile Arctic Char (Salvelinus alpinus Complex) from Natural Ecosystems and Aquaculture.

Significant differences in the fatty acid composition of the muscle tissue of juvenile Arctic char Salvelinus alpinus (Linnaeus, 1758) from the natural habitat (Lake Sobach'e) and aquaculture, as well as juveniles of the anadromous form of char (malma) Salvelinus malma (Walbaum, 1792) from the Avacha River were found. The observed differences between aquaculture and wild juvenile char were associated with different food sources. The muscle tissue of juvenile char from natural habitat was characterized by significantly higher levels of fatty acids-biomarkers of diatoms, as well as biomarkers of marine copepods in the anadromous form.

Application of DUT-4 MOF structure switching for optical and electrical humidity sensing.

The threshold structural transformation of the DUT-4 metal-organic framework (MOF) from an ordered to distorted phase during exposure to ambient conditions has been revealed. The X-ray diffraction analysis, Raman and FTIR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and synchronous thermal analysis have been used for investigation. The reversible effect of exposure time and humidity on such a phase transition has been confirmed.

Economic costs of invasive non-native species in urban areas: An underexplored financial drain.

Urbanization is an important driver of global change associated with a set of environmental modifications that affect the introduction and distribution of invasive non-native species (species with populations transported by humans beyond their natural biogeographic range that established and are spreading in their introduced range; hereafter, invasive species). These species are recognized as a cause of large ecological and economic losses. Nevertheless, the economic impacts of these species in urban areas are still poorly understood.

Dryocoetiops krivetsae sp. n. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Dryocoetini), the northernmost species of the genus: conflicts between molecular and morphological data in the tribe Dryocoetini.

A new species of bark beetle, Dryocoetiops krivetsae Kerchev, Mandelshtam, Bykov et Ilinsky, sp. n., from the southern part of Primorsky Krai (Russian Far East), is described.

A phenomenological model of non-genomic variability of luminescent bacterial cells.

The light emitted by a luminescent bacterium serves as a unique native channel of information regarding the intracellular processes within the individual cell. In the presence of highly sensitive equipment, it is possible to obtain the distribution of bacterial culture cells by the intensity of light emission, which correlates with the amount of luciferase in the cells. When growing on rich media, the luminescence intensity of individual cells of brightly luminous strains of the luminescent bacteria Photobacterium leiognathi and Ph.