Pathogenic Bacterial Detection Using Vertical-Capacitance Sensor Array Immobilized with the Antimicrobial Peptide Melittin.

The rapid and reliable detection of pathogenic bacteria remains a significant challenge in clinical microbiology. Consequently, the demand for simple and rapid techniques, such as antimicrobial peptide (AMP)-based sensors, has recently increased as an alternative to traditional methods. Melittin, a broad-spectrum AMP, rapidly associates with the cell membranes of various gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

Antenna Design and Construction of a Free-Pass System for Hi-Pass Type Ticket Gates in Subways for Transportation-Disadvantaged Individuals.

This paper examines the design of antennas for Hi-pass type turnstiles needed to implement a subway free-pass system targeting transportation-disadvantaged individuals. The subway free-pass system allows individuals who have a free-pass card to approach the turnstile with the card on their person, which opens the gate automatically. This system, like the highway Hi-pass, allows users to pass through the subway gate without needing to scan a ticket.

Maxillectomy Guided by 3D Printing Versus Conventional Surgery for Patients with Head and Neck Cancer.

Background: This study evaluates the impact of three-dimensional (3D) printing-guided maxillectomy compared with conventional maxillectomy on surgical precision and oncological outcomes in patients with head and neck cancer.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 42 patients undergoing maxillectomy (16 in a 3D printing-guided group and 26 in a conventional group). Patient demographics, tumor characteristics, and outcomes were compared.

Artificial Intelligence-Based Classification and Segmentation of Bladder Cancer in Cystoscope Images.

Background/objectives: Cystoscopy is necessary for diagnosing bladder cancer, but it has limitations in identifying ambiguous lesions, such as carcinoma in situ (CIS), which leads to a high recurrence rate of bladder cancer. With the significant advancements in deep learning in the medical field, several studies have explored its application in cystoscopy. This study aimed to utilize the VGG19 and Deeplab v3+ deep learning models to classify and segment cystoscope images, respectively.

Predictive Mortality and Gastric Cancer Risk Using Clinical and Socio-Economic Data: A Nationwide Multicenter Cohort Study.

Gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, particularly in East Asia, with a notable burden in Republic of Korea. This study aimed to construct and develop machine learning models for the prediction of gastric cancer mortality and the identification of risk factors. All data were acquired from the Korean Clinical Data Utilization for Research Excellence by multiple medical centers in South Korea.

The Glucose-Lowering Effect of and D-Pinitol: Studies on Insulin Secretion in INS-1 Cells and the Reduction of Blood Glucose in Diabetic Rats.

Ice plant () is a vegetable with various therapeutic uses, one of which is its ability to prevent diabetes. The present study examined the insulin secretion effect related to the mechanism of action of ice plant extract (IPE) and its active compound D-pinitol in a rat insulin-secreting β-cell line, INS-1, as well as in diabetic rats. : The glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) test and Western blotting were used to measure GSIS.

Association of Mucin-Degrading Gut Microbiota and Dietary Patterns with Colonic Transit Time in Constipation: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: The relationship between gut microbiota composition, lifestyles, and colonic transit time (CTT) remains poorly understood. This study investigated associations among gut microbiota profiles, diet, lifestyles, and CTT in individuals with subjective constipation.

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of data from our randomized clinical trial, examining gut microbiota composition, CTT, and dietary intake in baseline and final assessments of 94 participants with subjective constipation.

Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and the Risk of Chronic Periodontitis: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Chronic periodontitis (CP) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) have emerged as interconnected conditions with shared mechanisms, such as systemic inflammation and metabolic dysregulation. However, the risk of CP in the newly classified subgroups of steatotic liver disease (SLD), including MASLD and metabolic alcohol-associated liver disease (MetALD), has not been extensively studied. This study investigated the association between SLD subtypes and the incidence of CP in a nationwide cohort.

Rice Bran Consumption Improves Lipid Profiles: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Dyslipidemia, a leading risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), significantly contributes to global morbidity and mortality. Rice bran, rich in bioactive compounds such as γ-oryzanol and tocotrienols, has demonstrated promising lipid-modulating effects.

Objective: This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of rice bran on lipid profiles, including triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and identify factors influencing its efficacy across different populations and intervention conditions.

Root Extract for Men with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

The prevalence of urological diseases increases with age, and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTSs) are the most common problem. Natural compounds with minimal side effects for the improvement in LUTSs are of ongoing interest. extract (SAGX) has shown potential in preclinical studies for its effects on LUTSs.

Comparison of Early Enteral Nutrition Versus Early Parenteral Nutrition in Critically Ill Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Nutritional support is crucial in critically ill patients to enhance recovery, reduce infections, and improve outcomes. This meta-analysis compared early enteral nutrition (EEN) and early parenteral nutrition (EPN) to evaluate their efficacy in adult critically ill patients.

Methods: A systematic review of 14 studies involving 7618 patients was conducted, including randomized controlled trials, prospective cohorts, and retrospective analyses.

Effects of Metabolites Derived from Guava ( L.) Leaf Extract Fermented by on Hepatic Energy Metabolism via SIRT1-PGC1α Signaling in Diabetic Mice.

Background/objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is considered a serious risk to public health since its prevalence is rapidly increasing worldwide despite numerous therapeutics. Insulin resistance in T2DM contributes to chronic inflammation and other metabolic abnormalities that generate fat accumulation in the liver, eventually leading to the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Recently, the possibility that microbial-derived metabolites may alleviate MAFLD through enterohepatic circulation has emerged, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear.

Bioinformatics and Deep Learning Approach to Discover Food-Derived Active Ingredients for Alzheimer's Disease Therapy.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) prevention is a critical challenge for aging societies, necessitating the exploration of food ingredients and whole foods as potential therapeutic agents. This study aimed to identify natural compounds (NCs) with therapeutic potential in AD using an innovative bioinformatics-integrated deep neural analysis approach, combining computational predictions with molecular docking and in vitro experiments for comprehensive evaluation. We employed the bioinformatics-integrated deep neural analysis of NCs for Disease Discovery (BioDeepNat) application in the data collected from chemical databases.

Amino Acid Profile and Mineral Content of Cultivated Snails and : Assessing Their Potential as Nutritional Source.

This study evaluates the nutritional potential of two cultivated snail species, and , sourced from commercial farms in Korea, marking the first comprehensive analysis of . The protein content of (70.9 g/100 g dry matter) was significantly higher than that of (44.

Naringenin, a Food Bioactive Compound, Reduces Oncostatin M Through Blockade of PI3K/Akt/NF-κB Signal Pathway in Neutrophil-like Differentiated HL-60 Cells.

Oncostatin M (OSM) plays a crucial role in diverse inflammatory reactions. Although the food bioactive compound naringenin (NAR) exerts various useful effects, including antitussive, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, renoprotective, antiarthritic, antitumor, antioxidant, neuroprotective, antidepressant, antinociceptive, antiatherosclerotic, and antidiabetic effects, the modulatory mechanism of NAR on OSM expression in neutrophils has not been specifically reported. In the current work, we studied whether NAR modulates OSM release in neutrophil-like differentiated (d)HL-60 cells.

Synthesis and Physico-Chemical Analysis of Dextran from Maltodextrin via pH Controlled Fermentation by .

Dextran is an exopolysaccharide (EPS) with multifunctional applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries, primarily synthesized from . Dextran can be produced from dextrin through fermentation, utilizing its dextran dextrinase activity. This study examined how jar fermentor conditions impact the growth and enzyme activity of , with a focus on the effects of pH on dextran synthesis via bioconversion (without pH control, pH 4.

A Novel Eco-Friendly Process for the Synthesis and Purification of Ascorbyl-6-Oleates.

Commercial ascorbyl-6-O-esters (AEs) are composed of saturated fatty acids with relatively high melting points, resulting in limited solubility in lipophilic media. Therefore, a lipase-catalysed synthesis and purification method for ascorbyl-6-O-oleate (AO) was proposed in this study. The esterification synthesis (i.

Impact of Edible Insect Polysaccharides on Mouse Gut Microbiota: A Study on White-Spotted Flower Chafer Larva () and Silkworm Pupa ().

The increasing global population and the environmental consequences of meat consumption have led to the exploration of alternative sources of protein. Edible insects have gained attention as a sustainable and nutritionally rich meat alternative. We investigated the effects of two commonly consumed insects, larva and pupa, on beneficial gut microbiota growth, using whole 16s metagenome sequencing to assess diet-associated changes.

Identification of Endometriosis Pathophysiologic-Related Genes Based on Meta-Analysis and Bayesian Approach.

Endometriosis is a complex disease with diverse etiologies, including hormonal, immunological, and environmental factors; however, its exact pathogenesis remains unknown. While surgical approaches are the diagnostic and therapeutic gold standard, identifying endometriosis-associated genes is a crucial first step. Five endometriosis-related gene expression studies were selected from the available datasets.

Dual Roles of miR-10a-5p and miR-10b-5p as Tumor Suppressors and Oncogenes in Diverse Cancers.

Cancer is a complex genetic disorder characterized by abnormalities in both coding and regulatory non-coding RNAs. microRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulatory non-coding RNAs that modulate cancer development, functioning as both tumor suppressors and oncogenes. miRNAs play critical roles in cancer progression, influencing key processes such as initiation, promotion, and metastasis.

Enhancement Strategy for Protocatechuic Acid Production Using with Focus on Continuous Fermentation Scale-Up and Cytotoxicity Management.

Protocatechuate acid (PCA) is a phenolic acid naturally synthesized by various organisms. Protocatechuic acid is synthesized by plants for physiological, metabolic functions, and self-defense, but extraction from plants is less efficient compared to the microbial culture process. The microbial synthesis of protocatechuic acid is sustainable and, due to its high yield, can save energy consumption when producing the same amount.

Synergistic Effects of Mistletoe Lectin and Cisplatin on Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells: Insights from 2D and 3D In Vitro Models.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains a challenging subtype due to its aggressive nature and limited treatment options. This study investigated the potential synergistic effects of Korean mistletoe lectin ( L. agglutinin, VCA) and cisplatin on MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells using both 2D and 3D culture models.

Light Quality Plays a Crucial Role in Regulating Germination, Photosynthetic Efficiency, Plant Development, Reactive Oxygen Species Production, Antioxidant Enzyme Activity, and Nutrient Acquisition in Alfalfa.

Light is a vital regulator of photosynthesis, energy production, plant growth, and morphogenesis. Although these key physiological processes are well understood, the effects of light quality on the pigment content, oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, antioxidant defense systems, and biomass yield of plants remain largely unexplored. In this study, we applied different light-emitting diode (LED) treatments, including white light, red light, blue light, and a red+blue (1:1) light combination, to evaluate the traits mentioned above in alfalfa ( L.

The Effects of Laxogenin and 5-Alpha-hydroxy-laxogenin on Myotube Formation and Maturation During Cultured Meat Production.

Cultured meat (CM) is derived from the in vitro myogenesis of muscle satellite (stem) cells (MSCs) and offers a promising alternative protein source. However, the development of a cost-effective media formulation that promotes cell growth has yet to be achieved. In this study, laxogenin (LAX) and 5-alpha-hydroxy-laxogenin (5HLAX) were computationally screened against myostatin (MSTN), a negative regulator of muscle mass, because of their antioxidant properties and dual roles as MSTN inhibitors and enhancers of myogenesis regulatory factors.

GAPDH Gene Family in : Genome-Wide Identification, Structural Analysis, and Expression Analysis Under Drought Stress.

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is an enzyme widely involved in glycolysis in animal cells and in non-metabolic processes, including apoptosis and the regulation of gene expression. GAPDH is a ubiquitous protein that plays a pivotal role in plant metabolism and handling of stress responses. However, its function in plant stress resistance remains unknown.