Delayed and recurrent surgical site infection from resorbed bone fragment after autologous cranioplasty: a case report.

Decompressive craniectomy is one of the most common procedures for managing severe traumatic brain injury. Cranioplasty plays a vital role in restoring the integrity of the skull and preventing complications that may arise after a decompressive craniectomy. This case report presents a 24-year-old woman who underwent cranioplasty with a cryopreserved autologous bone flap.

Clinical significance of various pathogens identified in patients with acute exacerbations of COPD: a multi-center study in South Korea.

Background: Respiratory infection is a major cause of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). We investigated the presence of bacterial and viral pathogens and clinical features in patients with AECOPD.

Methods: This retrospective study included 1,186 patients diagnosed with AECOPD from 28 hospitals in South Korea between 2015-2018.

Cardiovascular Etiologies and Risk Factors of Survival Outcomes After Resuscitation for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: Data From the KoCARC Registry.

Background And Objectives: The outcomes and characteristics of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) vary across geographic regions. The etiologies and prognoses of OHCA in Asian populations remain less established. This study aimed to investigate the etiologies and clinical characteristics of patients successfully resuscitated after OHCA and to identify predictors of survival outcomes.

Neck extension with closed mouth position provides optimal airway patency after anterior cervical spine surgery at C3-4 and C4-5: a single-center retrospective case series.

Airway compromise due to prevertebral soft tissue swelling is a potentially devastating complication following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). However, there are no studies on the postoperative patient posture for enhancing airway patency after ACDF. This study aimed to analyze the effect of neck and mouth postures on airway patency following ACDF and to suggest the beneficial postoperative patient posture for improving airway patency.

Therapeutic effect of novel drug candidate, PRG-N-01, on NF2 syndrome-related tumor.

Background: NF2-related schwannomatosis (NF2-SWN) is associated with multiple benign tumors in the nervous system. NF2-SWN, caused by mutations in the NF2 gene, has developed into intracranial and spinal schwannomas. Because of the high surgical risk and frequent recurrence of multiple tumors, targeted therapy is necessary.

Clinical Impact of TP53 Mutations in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer Who Were Treated with Targeted Therapies or Immunotherapy.

Purpose: TP53 mutations are common in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We evaluated their clinical impact in patients treated with targeted agents or immunotherapy in the KCSG HN15-16 TRIUMPH trial.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with TP53 mutations in the TRIUMPH trial, a multicenter, biomarker-driven umbrella trial in Korea.

Effect of individualized versus conventional perioperative blood pressure management on postoperative major complications in high-risk patients undergoing noncardiac surgery: study protocol for the SPROUT-4 multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Background: Intraoperative hypotension is very common during surgery and is linked to major organ dysfunction and mortality. Current perioperative blood pressure management is largely based on universal blood pressure thresholds ranging from a mean arterial pressure of 60-70 mmHg. However, the effectiveness of this conventional management remains unproven in prospective randomized trials.

A practical guide for diagnostic investigations and special considerations in patients with Huntington's disease in Korea.

The Korean Huntington's Disease Society (KHDS) has recently published a practical guide for clinical approach to patients with Huntington's disease (HD) in Korea in April issue of Journal of Movement Disorders this year.1 This article is the second practical guide particularly focused on 1) essential points of genetic counseling for families of HD covering issues of testing minors and prenatal/preimplantation testing; and 2) premanifest HD and useful laboratory investigations for assessing disease severity and progression. The latter part of this article deals with special issues of juvenile and very late-onset HD, and common comorbidities in HD patients.

Dose-dependent serological profiling of AdCLD-CoV19-1 vaccine in adults.

AdCLD-CoV19-1, a chimeric adenovirus-based severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine, was previously reported to elicit robust antibody responses in mice and non-human primates after a single dose. In this study, we conducted a systems serology analysis to investigate changes in humoral immune responses induced by varying doses of the AdCLD-CoV19-1 vaccine in a phase I clinical trial. Serum samples from participants receiving either a low or a high dose of the vaccine were analyzed for antibody features against prototype SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) domains (full-length S, S1, S2, and receptor binding domain), as well as Fc receptor binding and effector functions.

Ionic Diode-Based Drug Delivery System.

Drug delivery systems hold promise for delivering cytotoxic drugs by controlling the timing and location of the drug release. However, conventional delivery mechanisms often fall short of achieving spatiotemporally controlled yet sustained release, which is crucial for ensuring drug efficacy and minimizing impact on surrounding tissues. Here, an ionic diode-based drug delivery system is reported that is controlled by an electric potential and capable of releasing drugs at scales ranging from nanogram to microgram.

Epidemiological Characteristics and Outcome of Myocarditis and Pericarditis Temporally Associated With BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccine in Adolescents: Korean National Surveillance.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics and outcomes of myocarditis/pericarditis after BNT162b2 vaccination in Korean adolescents.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort analysis of adolescents aged 12-19 years old diagnosed with myocarditis/pericarditis within 42 days of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination. All reported cases were investigated by city or government epidemiologists and the diagnostic certainty and causality was determined by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency's Adverse Event Following Immunization Expert Advisory Committee according to the modified version of Brighton Collaboration Myocarditis/Pericarditis Working group's case definitions.

Characteristics of Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis at Diagnosis in Korea: Results From a Multicenter, Registry-Based, Inception Cohort Study.

Background: We aimed to investigate the characteristics of pediatric ulcerative colitis (UC) at diagnosis in Korea.

Methods: This was a multicenter, registry-based, inception cohort study conducted in Korea between 2021 and 2023. Children and adolescents newly diagnosed with UC < 18 years were included.

Modularity-based mathematical modeling of ligand inter-nanocluster connectivity for unraveling reversible stem cell regulation.

The native extracellular matrix is continuously remodeled to form complex interconnected network structures that reversibly regulate stem cell behaviors. Both regulation and understanding of its intricate dynamicity can help to modulate numerous cell behaviors. However, neither of these has yet been achieved due to the lack of designing and modeling such complex structures with dynamic controllability.

Influence of prestroke glycemic status on outcomes by age in patients with acute ischemic stroke and diabetes mellitus.

Background: This study aimed to explore the association between admission HbA1c and the risk of 1-year vascular outcomes stratified by age group in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods: This study analyzed prospective multicenter data from patients with AIS and DM. Admission HbA1C were categorized as:≤6.

Defining a highly conserved B cell epitope in the receptor binding motif of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein.

SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines induce robust and persistent germinal centre (GC) B cell responses in humans. It remains unclear how the continuous evolution of the virus impacts the breadth of the induced GC B cell response. Using ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration, we examined draining lymph nodes of nine healthy adults following bivalent booster immunization.

Associations between circulating interleukin-18 levels and adult-onset Still's disease: a meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the link between circulating interleukin-18 (IL-18) levels and adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD).

Methods: A thorough search was performed on MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science to find relevant articles. A meta-analysis was conducted to compare serum/plasma IL-18 levels in AOSD patients to those in control subjects.

Assessment of disease activity and quality of life of Korean patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

The management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) follows a treat-to-target approach, as recommended by guidelines from the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR). RA treatment recommendations include an emphasis on frequent disease activity assessments to optimize therapy, recognizing the possibility of timely therapies to slow progression and improve long-term results. The evaluation of joint inflammation, pain, physical function, and clinical indicators is required for comprehensive RA therapy.

Epigenetic Regulation of Nuclear Factor Erythroid-2-Related Factor 2 in Colorectal Cancer Cells Resistant to Ionizing Radiation.

γ-Radiation resistance is a major obstacle to the success of radiotherapy in colorectal cancer. Antioxidant-related factors contribute to resistance to radiation therapy and, therefore, are targets for improving the therapeutic response. In this study, we evaluated the molecular mechanisms underlying γ-radiation resistance using the colorectal cancer cell line SNUC5 and γ-radiation-resistant variant SNUC5/RR, including analyses of the role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), a transcription factor that regulates antioxidant enzymes, and related epigenetic regulators.

Perceptions, attitudes, and management of obesity in East Asians vs global: A pooled analysis of the ACTION IO survey.

Objective: This ACTION-IO sub-analysis compared attitudes of people with obesity (PwO) and healthcare professionals (HCPs) between South Korea/Japan and global.

Methods: Responses from overall (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 25 kg/m) and higher BMI (30.0-34.

Total gastrectomy patients had a lower diet volume and greater diet frequency than distal gastrectomy patients after 6 months.

There are no reports comparing diet recovery between patients who underwent distal gastrectomy (DG) and those who underwent total gastrectomy (TG). The aim of the present study was to compare dietary habits and nutritional status after curative treatment with DG and TG in patients with gastric cancer. We retrospectively collected clinical data from 263 consecutive patients who underwent gastrectomy for gastric cancer without recurrence at a single-center between January 2016 and December 2022.

Clinical implications of cerebral venous outflow pattern in malignant middle cerebral artery infarction.

Background: Malignant middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarction is one of the most devastating strokes. However, the role of the cerebral venous outflow pattern in malignant MCA infarction is not well established. We investigated the association between the transverse sinus (TS) shape and functional outcomes in patients with malignant MCA infarction.