Risk stratification for early mortality in newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia: a multicenter, non-selected, retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: Despite the current effective treatments for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), early mortality (EM), defined as death within 30 days of presentation, is a major hurdle to long-term survival.

Methods: We performed a multicenter retrospective study to evaluate the incidence and clinical characteristics of EM in patients with newly diagnosed APL and to develop a risk stratification model to predict EM.

Results: We identified 313 eligible patients diagnosed between 2000 and 2021 from five academic hospitals.

Consistency of Helicobacter pylori eradication rates of first-line concomitant and sequential therapies in Korea: A nationwide multicenter retrospective study for the last 10 years.

Background: Eradication rate of standard triple therapy for H. pylori has declined to unacceptable level, and alternative regimens such as concomitant and sequential therapy have been introduced. We aimed to assess the consistency of eradication rates of concomitant and sequential therapies as for the first-line H.

PARK7 maintains the stemness of glioblastoma stem cells by stabilizing epidermal growth factor receptor variant III.

PARK7 is involved in many key cellular processes, including cell proliferation, transcriptional regulation, cellular differentiation, oxidative stress protection, and mitochondrial function maintenance. Deregulation of PARK7 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various human diseases, including cancer. Here, we aimed to clarify the effect of PARK7 on stemness and radioresistance of glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs).

Papillary Thyroid Cancer Tumor Spheres Cultured by Passaging Without Sorting Exhibit Cancer Stemness.

Aim: Cancer stem-like cell (CSC) markers and the role of CSCs derived from papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in pathogenesis are unclear. This study aimed to investigate CSC properties using tumor spheres from passaged PTC cells but without sorting CSCs.

Materials And Methods: To identify the properties of CSCs derived from PTC, the expression of SRY-box transcription factor 2(SOX2), octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4), Nanog homeobox (NANOG), thyroglobulin (TG), thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR), E-cadherin, YES-associated protein 1 (YAP1), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) was investigated in tumor spheres serially passaged without sorting CSCs.

Proton pump inhibitor: The dual role in gastric cancer.

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are one of the most frequently used medications for upper gastrointestinal diseases. However, a number of physicians have raised concern about the serious side effects of long-term use of PPIs, including the development of gastric cancer. Recent epidemiological studies have reported a significant association between long-term PPI intake and the risk of gastric cancer, even after successful eradication.

Inhibition of STAT3 in gastric cancer: role of pantoprazole as SHP-1 inducer.

Background: We investigated the inhibitory effect of pantoprazole on signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activity and invasiveness of gastric adenocarcinoma cells, and the role of SH2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 1 (SHP-1) in mediating role.

Methods: We used AGS and MKN-28 cells because of reduced SHP-1 and preserved p-STAT3 expression. Western blot, wound closure assay, Matrigel invasion assay and 3-D culture invasion assay were performed.

Arsenic trioxide attenuates STAT-3 activity and epithelial-mesenchymal transition through induction of SHP-1 in gastric cancer cells.

Background: We investigated the effect of arsenic trioxide (ATO) for inhibition of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in gastric cancer cells, and the role of SH2 domain-containing phosphatase-1 (SHP-1) during this process.

Methods: We used AGS cells, which showed minimal SHP-1 expression and constitutive STAT3 expression. After treatment of ATO, cellular migration and invasion were assessed by using wound closure assay, Matrigel invasion assay and 3-D culture invasion assay.

Additional Benefits of Routine Drugs on Gastrointestinal Cancer: Statins, Metformin, and Proton Pump Inhibitors.

Background: Commonly used medications including statins, metformin, and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) effectively reduce the risk of esophageal, gastric, and colorectal cancer (CRC).

Summary: A number of observational studies and meta-analyses have shown that long-term statin use significantly reduces the incidence of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer. Moreover, statin use after GI cancer diagnosis has been significantly associated with better prognosis in large-scale cohort studies.

The roles of HOXB7 in promoting migration, invasion, and anti-apoptosis in gastric cancer.

Background And Aim: The aim of this study was to compare HOXB7 expression level between gastric cancer and non-cancerous gastric tissues. Additionally, the functional effects of HOXB7, including its pro-migration or invasion and anti-apoptosis roles, were evaluated in gastric cancer cells.

Methods: Both gene and protein expression levels of HOXB7 were examined in gastric cancer cell lines, and HOXB7 expression was compared between primary or metastatic gastric cancer tissues and chronic gastritis or intestinal metaplasia tissues.

Impact of homeobox genes in gastrointestinal cancer.

Homeobox genes, including and non- genes, have been identified to be expressed aberrantly in solid tumors. In gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, most studies have focused on the function of non- genes including caudal-related homeobox transcription factor 1 (CDX1) and CDX2. CDX2 is a crucial factor in the development of pre-cancerous lesions such as Barrett's esophagus or intestinal metaplasia in the stomach, and its tumor suppressive role has been investigated in colorectal cancers.

Recent updates of precision therapy for gastric cancer: Towards optimal tailored management.

Signaling pathways of gastric carcinogenesis and gastric cancer progression are being avidly studied to seek optimal treatment of gastric cancer. Among them, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-MET, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) pathways have been widely investigated. Their aberrant expression or mutation has been significantly associated with advanced stage or poor prognosis of gastric cancer.

Value of Early Check-Up of Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 Levels for Pancreatic Cancer Screening in Asymptomatic New-Onset Diabetic Patients.

Objectives: We evaluated the value of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) as a pancreatic cancer (PC) screening tool in an asymptomatic new-onset diabetic patients.

Methods: Medical records of asymptomatic patients newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM) were reviewed retrospectively at our hospital from January 2004 to January 2013.

Results: In total, 2363 asymptomatic diabetic patients with CA 19-9 measurements were enrolled.

Epigenetic regulation and anti-tumorigenic effects of SH2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 1 (SHP1) in human gastric cancer cells.

SH2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 1 (SHP1) is an important negative regulator in cytokine-mediated signal transduction and cell cycling. Recent studies have demonstrated that SHP1 promoter methylation is frequently observed in gastric adenocarcinoma tissues. In this in vitro study, we attempted to reveal promoter hypermethylation and to investigate effects of SHP1 in gastric carcinoma cell lines.

Endoscopic versus surgical resection of GI stromal tumors in the upper GI tract.

Background And Aims: Endoscopic resection has been performed for treatment of GI stromal tumors (GISTs) in the upper GI tract. However, the therapeutic roles of the endoscopic procedure remain debatable. We aimed in this retrospective study to evaluate the feasibility and long-term follow-up results of endoscopic resection of GISTs in the upper GI tract, compared with surgery.

Pulmonary leiomyosarcoma metastatic to the thyroid gland: case report and review of the literature.

Background: Leiomyosarcoma metastatic to the thyroid is extremely rare. Especially, metastasis of pulmonary leiomyosarcoma to the thyroid is extremely rare-only one such case has been previously reported.

Case Presentation: A 55-year-old woman presented with a chief complaint of a cough of 1.

Single-incision multiport laparoscopic cholecystectomy for a patient with situs inversus totalis: report of a case.

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has become the standard treatment for symptomatic cholelithiasis in patients with situs inversus totalis (SIT). Nowadays, single-incision multiport laparoscopic surgery is safe and feasible for treating benign gallbladder disease. We report a case of successful single-incision multiport laparoscopic cholecystectomy for a patient with SIT, and describe its technical advantages.

Bilateral otosyphilis in a patient with HIV infection.

Otosyphilis is a rare but important cause of sensorineural hearing loss and dizziness, because this hearing loss can be reversed by early diagnosis and aggressive treatment. Moreover, HIV may alter the course of otosyphilis and hasten the development of otosyphilis by reducing host cellular immunity. We report the case of a 35-year-old HIV-infected patient with bilateral fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss and bilateral total vestibular loss caused by otosyphilis.