15 Years of Longitudinal Genetic, Clinical, Cognitive, Imaging, and Biochemical Measures in DIAN.

This manuscript describes and summarizes the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network Observational Study (DIAN Obs), highlighting the wealth of longitudinal data, samples, and results from this human cohort study of brain aging and a rare monogenic form of Alzheimer's disease (AD). DIAN Obs is an international collaborative longitudinal study initiated in 2008 with support from the National Institute on Aging (NIA), designed to obtain comprehensive and uniform data on brain biology and function in individuals at risk for autosomal dominant AD (ADAD). ADAD gene mutations in the amyloid protein precursor (), presenilin 1 (), or presenilin 2 () genes are deterministic causes of ADAD, with virtually full penetrance, and a predictable age at symptomatic onset.

Effects of strategic white matter hyperintensities of cholinergic pathways on basal forebrain volume in patients with amyloid-negative neurocognitive disorders.

Background: The cholinergic neurotransmitter system is crucial to cognitive function, with the basal forebrain (BF) being particularly susceptible to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. However, the interaction of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) in cholinergic pathways and BF atrophy without amyloid pathology remains poorly understood.

Methods: We enrolled patients who underwent neuropsychological tests, magnetic resonance imaging, and F-florbetaben positron emission tomography due to cognitive impairment at the teaching university hospital from 2015 to 2022.

Secondary Immunodeficiency and Non-cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis.

Bronchiectasis is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by abnormal dilation of the bronchi that causes cough, sputum, and recurrent infections. As it may be associated with various respiratory or systemic diseases, a critical aspect of managing bronchiectasis is to identify the underlying cause. Immunodeficiency is a rare but important cause of bronchiectasis, and its treatability is a significant trait for bronchiectasis management.

Assessing the Brain Death/Death by Neurologic Criteria Determination Process in Korea: Insights from 10-Year Noncompleted Donation Data.

Background: This study aimed to analyze the current status of brain death/death by neurologic criteria (BD/DNC) determination in Korea over a decade, identifying key areas for improvement in the process.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of data from the Korea Organ Donation Agency spanning 2011 to 2021, focusing on donors whose donations were not completed. The study reviewed demographics, medical settings, diagnoses, and outcomes, with particular emphasis on cases classified as nonbrain death and those resulting in death by cardiac arrest during the BD/DNC assessment.

Alveolar Ridge Preservation Using a Collagenated Xenograft: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objectives: This study sought to evaluate the efficacy of cancellous bovine bone mineral granules and 10% porcine collagen (deproteinized bovine bone mineral with collagen [DBBM-C]; (OCS-B Collagen® [Straumann XenoFlex], NIBEC, Korea) in a mouldable block form, with or without socket seal, using autogenous free gingival graft (FGG).

Methods: Fifty-four patients were included and randomly assigned to one of three groups: (1) spontaneous healing (control group), (2) alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) using DBBM-C (DBBM-C group), and (3) ARP employing DBBM-C sealed with FGG (DBBM-C/FGG group). Bone biopsy and implant fixture placement were performed 180 days after ARP.

Interpretable deep learning model to predict lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer using whole slide images.

In early gastric cancer (EGC), the presence of lymph node metastasis (LNM) is a crucial factor for determining the treatment options. Endoscopic resection is used for treatment of EGC with minimal risk of LNM. However, owing to the lack of definitive criteria for identifying patients who require additional surgery, some patients undergo unnecessary additional surgery.

Combination of rituximab and methotrexate followed by rituximab and cytarabine in elderly patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma.

The optimal treatment strategy for newly diagnosed primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) has yet to be established, especially in the elderly. In the current study, we conducted a phase II study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of rituximab plus high-dose MTX followed by rituximab plus cytarabine in patients aged ≥60 years newly diagnosed with PCNSL. Patients received an induction treatment of high-dose methotrexate plus rituximab followed by two cycles of a consolidation treatment of cytarabine plus rituximab.

Factors associated with successful intraoperative oocyte retrieval for fertility preservation during open pelvic surgery for gynecologic indications.

Objective: The study investigated factors associated with successful intra-operative oocyte retrieval for fertility preservation during transabdominal gynecologic surgery.

Study Design: A total of 29 patients who underwent intraoperative oocyte retrieval during staging surgery at a single academic hospital from May 2014 to August 2022 were enrolled in this study, and their outcomes were analyzed.

Results: Among 29 patients who underwent intra-operative oocyte retrieval during staging surgery, oocytes were obtained in 24 patients, representing 82.

Financial Benefits of Renal Dose-Adjusted Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease.

Backgruound: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors are frequently prescribed for patients with type 2 diabetes; however, their cost can pose a significant barrier for those with impaired kidney function. This study aimed to estimate the economic benefits of substituting non-renal dose-adjusted (NRDA) DPP4 inhibitors with renal dose-adjusted (RDA) DPP4 inhibitors in patients with both impaired kidney function and type 2 diabetes.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2018, using data obtained from common data models of five medical centers in Korea.

Rationale, Design, and Interim Observations of the Steady Movement With Innovating Leadership for Heart Failure (SMILE HF) Registry: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Registry for Patients With Acute Heart Failure.

Background And Objectives: Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of hospitalization and death worldwide. The Steady Movement with Innovating Leadership for Heart Failure (SMILE HF) aims to evaluate the clinical characteristics, management, hospital course, and long-term outcomes of patients hospitalized for acute HF in South Korea.

Methods: This prospective, observational multicenter cohort study was conducted on consecutive patients hospitalized for acute HF in nine university hospitals since September 2019.

The effect of remote ischemic conditioning on mortality after kidney transplantation: the systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Ischemic-reperfusion injury resulting from kidney transplantation declines the post-transplant graft function. Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) is known to be able to reduce the criticality of ischemic reperfusion injury. This study aimed to meta-analyze whether the application of remote ischemic conditioning to kidney transplantation patients improves clinical outcomes.

Investigating miR-6880-5p in extracellular vesicle from plasma as a prognostic biomarker in endocrine therapy-treated castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Background: Advancements in the diagnosis, treatment, and surveillance of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) have progressed considerably, but a new biomarker that combines existing clinical and pathological data could be useful for a more precise diagnosis and prognosis. Some investigations have found that extracellular vesicle (EV)-derived miRNAs play crucial roles in various types of malignant tumors. The objective of this study was to explore EV miRNA and identify its biologic function as a biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of CRPC.

Dr.Emb Appyter: A web platform for drug discovery using embedding vectors.

Using embedding methods, compounds with similar properties will be closely located in latent space, and these embedding vectors can be used to find other compounds with similar properties based on the distance between compounds. However, they often require computational resources and programming skills. Here we develop Dr.

A cost benefit analysis of varicella vaccination in South Korea.

Background: The introduction of varicella vaccination has significantly reduced the burden of chickenpox in many countries, but outbreaks still occur in populations with high vaccination coverage. To address this, some countries, including the United States, Germany, and Japan, have adopted a two-dose varicella vaccination recommendation. Economic evaluations are crucial for assessing vaccine recommendations; however, there are limited studies exist in Asian countries.