The benefits of touched vertebra concept for the selection of the lowest instrumented vertebra in thoracic curves of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Purpose: To assess the benefits of using the touched vertebra (TV) rule in Lenke classification for thoracic curves of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

Methods: A total of 141 AIS patients with thoracic curves determined by Suk classification were divided based on whether the lowest instrumented vertebra (LIV) matched the TV into groups of mTV (n = 84, LIV = TV), TV- (n = 21, LIV above TV), and TV+ (n = 36, LIV below TV) for 5-year follow-up. The radiological parameters were the central sacral vertical line (CSVL)-LIV distance, distal end vertebra rotation, coronal, and sagittal parameters.

Intra-Articular Injection of Stem Cells for the Regeneration of Knee Joint Cartilage: a Therapeutic Option for Knee Osteoarthritis - a Narrative Review.

Current approaches to regulating osteoarthritis primarily focus on symptom management; however, these methods often have significant side effects and may not be suitable for long-term care. As an alternative to conventional treatments, injecting stem cells into knee joint cartilage is a promising option for repairing damaged cartilage. In this review, we outline the general procedure for stem cell treatment of knee joint cartilage regeneration, emphasizing the potential of intra-articular stem cell injections as a therapeutic option for osteoarthritis.

Anterior-to-Central Cartilage Defects of Arthritic Knee Showed Better Cartilage Regeneration Than Posterior Cartilage Defects Using Mesenchymal Stem Cell Implantation.

Purpose: To analyze cartilage regeneration and clinical outcomes after human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cell (hUCB-MSCs) implantation on the basis of the distribution and location of medial femoral condyle (MFC) cartilage defects.

Methods: Patients who underwent hUCB-MSC implantation for MFC cartilage defects involved in isolated medial compartment osteoarthritis were included. The patients were divided into 2 groups, those with MFC defects located within the anterior-central portion (group A) and those with MFC defects extending to the posterior portion (group P).

Surgical technique for secondary pectoralis major transfer after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty to treat residual internal rotation dysfunction.

Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) has emerged as a promising treatment option for rotator cuff tear arthropathy. However, concerns persist regarding horizontal rotational dysfunction after RSA. While many studies focus on improving external rotation after RSA, limited attention has been paid to internal rotation.

Clinical outcome and complications after simultaneous bilateral medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy.

Background: The literature provides limited evidence regarding postoperative outcomes and complications following simultaneous bilateral medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO). This study aimed to investigate the clinical outcomes and complications associated with simultaneous bilateral MOWHTO.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 72 knees from 36 patients (mean age, 58.

Impact of postoperative cauda equina clumping on recovery after biportal endoscopic decompression for severe lumbar stenosis.

Purpose: This study determined the prevalence of cauda equina clumping among patients with Schizas grade C or higher central stenosis after decompression and compared the radiographic and clinical outcomes between patients with and without clumping.

Methods: We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study involving 98 patients who underwent biportal endoscopic spine surgery between January 2019 and June 2022. Based on postoperative magnetic resonance imaging findings, the patients were divided into the clumping (n = 40) and non-clumping (n = 58) groups.

Comparative Analysis of Outcomes and Kyphotic Risk Factors After Cervical Laminoplasty in 2 Different Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament Groups and Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy.

Background And Objectives: Cervical laminoplasty is commonly used to treat cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL). Postoperative kyphotic changes can restrict spinal cord dorsal shift, leading to poor neurological outcomes. This study analyzes risk factors for loss of cervical lordosis (LCL) after laminoplasty in 3 groups: CSM, continuous OPLL, and other OPLL.

Anterolateral rotatory instability of the elbow: a possible etiology of primary osteoarthritis.

Background: The purpose of this study is to describe anterolateral rotatory instability (ALRI) as a possible etiology of primary osteoarthritis (OA) of the elbow.

Methods: We examined 76 fresh frozen cadaveric elbows (male:female, 56:20; mean age, 81 years) for patterns of cartilage erosion that could be due to ALRI. These included erosions on the lateral trochlear ridge (LTR) lesion, crescent rim of the radial head (RC) lesion or the ventral capitellum (VC) lesion.

Postoperative urinary retention after oblique lumbar interbody fusion under the systematic management protocol.

Oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) is a minimally invasive lateral lumbar fusion technique and patients are discharged 1-2 days after surgery. Because OLIF utilizes a retroperitoneal approach close to the superior hypogastric plexus, postoperative urinary retention (POUR) may not be an uncommon problem. The purpose of this study was to present the incidence and outcomes of POUR with a systematic care protocol.

Factors associated with predicting knee pain using knee X-ray and personal factors: A multivariate logistic regression and XGBoost model analysis from the Nationwide Korean Database (KNHANES).

With increasing life expectancy, knee pain has become more prevalent, highlighting the need for early prediction. Although X-rays are commonly used for diagnosis, knee pain and X-ray findings do not always match. This study aims to identify factors contributing to knee pain in individuals with both normal and abnormal knee X-ray results to bridge the gap between X-ray findings and knee pain.

A Case Series of Distal Radius and Ulna Nonunion Treated with Minimal Surgical Intervention.

 We hypothesized a treatment guideline for ulna/radius nonunion after failed surgical treatment and propose to verify it in a prospective study. Herein, we report our preliminary findings and review the current trend.  Six patients who met the criteria were retrospectively investigated, and we further categorized "nonunion of both the radius/ulna" into four subcategories.

Evaluation of the osteoarthritis disease burden in China from 1990 to 2021: based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Objective: This study aims to understand the current status and trend of the disease burden of osteoarthritis (OA) in people over 30 years old in China from 1990 to 2021 and identify the priority population groups, to provide reference data for the prevention and treatment of OA in China.

Methods: The Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 was used to describe the incidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of OA in adult aged 30 years or older in China by sex and age groups, which was used to analyze the disease burden of OA from 1990 to 2021. The joinpoint regression model and age-period-cohort model were used to characterize the temporal trend.

Radiologic Outcomes of Plantar Plate Repair through a Plantar Approach for the Dislocated Metatarsophalangeal Joint of the Lesser Toe.

Background: A torn plantar plate (PP) is important pathologic anatomy related to a dislocated or subluxated metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ). Traditionally, a torn PP was treated with Weil osteotomy through a dorsal approach. However, because of the limited visualization of the dorsal approach, PP repair through a plantar approach has been proposed as a new technique.

Computed Tomography Versus Simple Radiography for Detecting and Classifying Heterotopic Ossification after Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty.

Backgroud: Heterotopic ossification (HO) is difficult to characterize and classify on simple radiographs. Therefore, we attempted to evaluate intraobserver and interobserver reliability of simple radiography and computed tomography (CT) for detecting and classifying HO after reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA). It was hypothesized that CT would provide more reliable results than simple radiography.

Oval Tunnel Shows Better Rotational Stability Than Round Tunnel in Anatomical Single-Bundle Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Biomechanical Study in a Porcine Model.

Background: To compare knee laxity between the conventional round tunnel and oval tunnel techniques in primary anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in a porcine knee model.

Methods: Twenty porcine knees were used for evaluating laxity in terms of anterior translation and anterolateral rotation. The study determined porcine knee kinematics on the Instron instruments under simulated Lachman (89 N anterior tibial load) at 15°, 30°, and 60° of flexion and a simulated pivot shift test (89 N anterior tibial load, 10 Nm valgus, and 4 Nm internal tibial torque) at 30° of flexion.

Comparison of In-Shoe Pedobarographic Variables between 2 Orthoses during Toe and Heel Gaits.

Background: The choice of an appropriate type of orthosis depends on the patient's specific condition and needs. Different types of orthoses can affect plantar pressure distribution during certain gait patterns. Toe and heel gaits are common patterns of gait assigned for optimal recovery in patients with foot or ankle injuries.

Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Distal Radius Fractures with Complete Intra-articular Involvement and Diaphyseal Extension.

Backgroud: Distal radius fractures with complete intra-articular involvement and diaphyseal extension pose significant challenges for stable fixation. Treatment options vary, with no single method demonstrating superiority. This study analyzed the outcomes of fixing these type of fractures with volar locking plates, which are widely used worldwide, and the fracture length according to plate type to determine when an extra-long plate should be used.

in Shoulder Surgery: Is It a Significant Risk Factor for Postoperative Infection?

, a commensal, lipophilic, anaerobic Gram-positive bacterium, is well known for its potential to cause infections, particularly in the field of orthopedics, notably in the shoulder. However, its indolent strain nature presents challenges in the diagnosis of the bacterium using clinical, laboratory, and culture-based methods. There are controversies surrounding its actual threat as an infection-causing agent, leading to an incomplete consensus on treatment strategies after the infection.

Incidence and Risk Factors of Deep Vein Thrombosis after Foot and Ankle Surgery.

Background: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a common complication in orthopedic surgery and has the potential to lead to fatal complications such as pulmonary thromboembolism. However, the precise incidence and risk factors for DVT in the foot and ankle fields remain unclear. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of DVT and identify its risk factors after foot and ankle surgery.