Postsurgical outcomes differ according to baseline sagittal alignment status even in patients achieving adequate correction relative to age-adjusted alignment target for adult spinal deformity.

Background Context: Baseline severities of sagittal malalignment and degrees of pelvic compensation may affect postsurgical outcomes differently after adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery, even if the patients achieved optimal correction of sagittal malalignment.

Purpose: To investigate whether postsurgical outcomes vary according to baseline sagittal alignment and pelvic compensation status in patients achieving adequate correction relative to age-adjusted alignment target in ASD surgery.

Study Design/setting: Retrospective study PATIENT SAMPLE: Patients who underwent ≥ 5-level fusion to the pelvis for ASD; achieved matched correction relative to age-adjusted pelvic incidence (PI)-lumbar lordosis (LL); and completed ≥ 2-year follow-up.

Injection of an allodermal matrix and leukocyte-rich platelet-rich plasma mixture improved the tendon integrity in cases of full-thickness common extensor tendon tears of the elbow: Two case reports.

Rationale: Lateral epicondylitis, commonly known as tennis elbow, is a chronic condition characterized by tendinosis at the insertion site of the lateral epicondyle. Various treatment methods are available, ranging from conservative to surgical options for refractory lateral epicondylitis. Recently, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections have shown effectiveness for treating this condition.

Z-scheme CeO-TiO@CNT Heterojunction for Efficient Photoredox Removal of Mix Pollutants (CPF, MB, MO, and RhB).

Z-scheme CeO-TiO@CNT (CTC) heterojunction is fabricated using hydrothermal method and evaluated for removing mixed pollutants (MIX-P) from ciprofloxacin (CPF) and textile contaminations. CTC demonstrated ≈99% removal efficiency against MIX-P under solar irradiation of ≈10 lumens. High removal efficiency of CTC is attributed to reduced bandgap (E), 2.

Mechanical stability of the proximal tibia with different bone formations after plate removal in medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy: a finite element analysis.

Background: No clear agreement exists on the degree of bone formation required to remove a metal plate without correction loss after medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO). We aimed to investigate the mechanical stability of the proximal tibia with different bone formations after plate removal in MOWHTO using finite element models and determine the extent of bone formation when the plate can be removed without correction loss.

Methods: The MOWHTO models with 5, 10, and 15 mm opening gaps were generated.

Efficacy of cold and cryo-preserved nerve allografts with low-dose FK506 for motor nerve regeneration: a preclinical study.

Background: Despite their ability to regenerate as well as autografts, the use of nerve allografts is limited by the need for immunosuppression and the risk of disease transmission. Further, decellularized allografts lacking Schwann cells limit axonal regeneration in long nerve defects. This study evaluated sciatic nerve regeneration in rats implanted with cold- or cryopreserved allografts, and examined the effects of FK506, an immunosuppressant that targets calcineurin function, on motor recovery.

Clinical evaluation of usefulness and effectiveness of sitting-type continuous passive motion machines in patients with total knee arthroplasty: a dual-center randomized controlled trial.

Background: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a treatment option for osteoarthritis of the knee. After undergoing TKA, patients can be treated with continuous passive motion (CPM); however, inconsistent results have been reported on the effectiveness of CPM as part of a rehabilitation strategy. This discrepancy may be due to the difference between the set-arc of CPM and real arcs of knee motion.

Physical Performance Level and Patient-Reported Outcomes in Female Patients with Distal Radius Fracture.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of physical performance level on patient-reported outcomes after surgery for distal radius fractures (DRF).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 157 women with DRF who underwent surgery and completed the short physical performance battery (SPPB) within one month of trauma between January 2019 and August 2022. Patient-reported outcomes were assessed one year postoperatively using the disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH) and patient-rated wrist evaluation (PRWE) questionnaires.

Quantitative computed tomography analysis of proximal femur bone mineral density and its relation to hip fracture risk.

Background: Hip fractures significantly reduce the quality of life and mobility of older adults. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) in different regions of the proximal femur as measured by quantitative computed tomography (QCT) and various subtypes of hip fractures.

Methods: This case-control study included patients over the age of 65 years admitted to Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University for hip fractures from November 2022 to December 2023; additionally, patients from the health examination center or outpatient center treated during the same period were included as a control group.

Graft Length Changes and Optimal Knee Flexion Angles for Fixation in Posterolateral Corner Reconstruction: An In Vivo 3-Dimensional Simulation Analysis.

Background: Changes in graft length according to knee flexion and the ideal knee flexion angle at the time of graft fixation for posterolateral corner (PLC) reconstruction have yet to be clearly defined.

Purposes: To investigate graft length changes according to knee flexion and determine the optimal graft fixation angle for knee flexion in PLC reconstruction.

Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study.

Whole-Body and Segmental Phase Angles and Cognitive Function in the Older Korean Population: Cross-Sectional Analysis.

Background: Recently, the phase angle (PhA) has emerged as an essential indicator of cellular health. Most studies have examined its association with physiological conditions, such as sarcopenia, frailty, and physical function, in older populations. Simultaneously, growing attention is being paid to the clinical relevance of segmental PhAs for future applications.

Near-Normalized Maxillomandibular Relationship and Upper Airway in Infants with Robin Sequence Treated with Stanford Orthodontic Airway Plate: Computed Tomography Study.

Objective: To assess craniofacial and upper airway growth in infants with Robin sequence (RS) during the 1 year of life when their severe upper airway obstruction was treated non-surgically with the Stanford orthodontic airway plate treatment program (SOAP).

Design: Retrospective longitudinal cohort study comparing SOAP-treated infants with RS (treatment group) with age-matched healthy controls (HC) using computed tomography (CT).

Setting: Single tertiary referral hospital.

Association Between Higher Body Mass Index and the Risk of Lumbar Spinal Stenosis in Korean Populations: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Despite the increasing prevalence of both spinal stenosis and obesity, their association remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and the risk of lumbar spinal stenosis in the Korean population using nationwide data. We analyzed data from 2,161,684 adults aged ≥40 years who underwent health examinations in 2009 using the Korean National Health Insurance System database.

Multidisciplinary Digital Therapeutics for Chronic Low Back Pain Versus In-Person Therapeutic Exercise with Education: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study.

Chronic lower back pain (CLBP) is a global health issue leading to significant disability and socioeconomic burden. Traditional treatments, including exercise and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), are often limited by physical and temporal constraints. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of multidisciplinary digital therapeutics (MORA Cure LBP) compared to conventional treatments.

Effects of Vacuum Phenomenon on Cage Subsidence and Fusion Outcomes in Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Cohort Study.

Oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) is a minimally invasive technique used to manage degenerative lumbar conditions. The presence of vacuum phenomenon (VP) and associated endplate sclerosis may increase the risk of cage subsidence. This study evaluated the relationship between VP grade, endplate sclerosis, and subsidence in OLIF.

Can Preoperative Hounsfield Unit Measurement Help Predict Mechanical Failure in Metastatic Spinal Tumor Surgery?

This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with mechanical failure in patients undergoing spinal instrumentation without fusion for metastatic spinal tumors. We retrospectively evaluated data from 220 patients with spinal tumors who underwent instrumentation without fusion. Propensity scores were used to match preoperative variables, resulting in the inclusion of 24 patients in the failure group (F group) and 72 in the non-failure group (non-F group).

Cinnamaldehyde-Mediated Suppression of MMP-13, COX-2, and IL-6 Through MAPK and NF-κB Signaling Inhibition in Chondrocytes and Synoviocytes Under Inflammatory Conditions.

Inflammatory disorders encompass a range of conditions, including osteoarthritis (OA), characterized by the body's heightened immune response to diverse stimuli. OA is a prevalent degenerative joint disease characterized by the progressive deterioration of joint cartilage and subchondral bone, leading to pain, limited mobility, and physical disability. Synovitis, the inflammation of the synovial membrane, is increasingly recognized as a critical factor in OA pathogenesis and progression.

Pasteurized HB05 (HB05P) Improves Muscle Strength and Function: A 12-Week, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.

Background/objectives: Sarcopenia, a condition marked by muscle wasting due to aging or inactivity, severely affects older populations. We previously showed that pasteurized HB05 (HB05P), sourced from the breast milk of healthy Korean women, could mitigate muscle wasting in a dexamethasone-induced rat model. Here, we explored whether the oral administration of HB05P can enhance muscle strength and functionality in elderly individuals.

Are Imaging Evaluations of Soft-Tissue Masses Before Referral to a Specialized Center Being Performed Properly? A Systematic Review.

Background/objectives: Since the initial approach towards the clinical presentation of soft-tissue masses is challenging for frontline physicians, some countries use clinical practice guidelines. Proper imaging work-up is crucial to differentiate between soft-tissue tumors. Recently, ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been widely used.

Correction Target of Supramalleolar Osteotomy for Early Varus Ankle Arthritis: Is Overcorrection Necessary?

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and radiologic outcomes following supramalleolar osteotomy for early varus ankle arthritis with the medial translation of the talus, wherein the lateral translation of the talus center to the tibial axis was used as a correction target. Another aim was to compare the results between the ankles with a normal range of medial distal tibial angle (MDTA) and overcorrected MDTA at the postoperative period to investigate the role of overcorrected MDTA after the supramalleolar osteotomy.

Methods: The study comprised 90 patients (93 ankles) with Takakura stage 2 or 3a varus ankle arthritis with the medial translation of the talus, which underwent medial opening supramalleolar osteotomy with fibular osteotomy, and the mean duration of follow-up was 50.

Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy for pulmonary metastasis from sarcoma: a retrospective comparison with metastasectomy.

Recent studies report excellent local control (LC) and favorable toxicities of stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) for pulmonary metastasis (PM) from sarcoma. This study compared the LC and survival of SABR and metastasectomy for sarcoma PM. We analyzed the LC rates of 54 PMs treated with SABR between 2008 and 2022.

Effect of Preoperative Acupuncture and Epidural Steroid Injection on Early Postoperative Infection After Lumbar Spinal Fusion.

Background: Acupuncture and epidural steroid injection (ESI) are frequently performed in patients with degenerative lumbar disease. The purpose of this study was to explore preoperative acupuncture and ESI as risk factors for postoperative infection after elective lumbar fusion.

Methods: Patients >50 years of age who underwent spinal fusion due to degenerative lumbar disease from 2010 to 2019 were identified by diagnostic and procedural codes using a nationwide database.

Interleukin-13 Receptor Subunit Alpha 2 Induces Chemokine Expression and Macrophage Polarization to Promote Inflammation and Fibrosis.

Purpose: Interleukin-13 (IL-13) is a known mediator of radiation-induced lung injury (RILI). IL-13Rα2 has an accepted role in antagonizing IL-13 signaling by acting as a decoy receptor. We sought to understand the role of IL-13Rα2 in the progression of RILI.

Combined Superior Capsular Reconstruction Using Fascia Lata Autograft and Lower Trapezius Transfer Using Achilles Tendon Allograft is Associated with Improved Surgical Outcomes in Patients with Posterosuperior Irreparable Massive Rotator Cuff Tears.

Purpose: To evaluate the minimum 12-month clinical and radiological outcomes of combined superior capsular reconstruction (SCR) and lower trapezius transfer (LTT) for posterosuperior irreparable massive rotator cuff tears (IMRCTs).

Methods: Patients with posterosuperior IMRCTs and severe fatty infiltration (Goutallier grades 3 or more) in the infraspinatus who underwent SCR +LTT were retrospectively reviewed. A double-folded fascia lata autograft with one layer of polypropylene mesh inside was used for SCR and an Achilles tendon allograft was used to connect the tendon of lower trapezius to the greater tuberosity.