In vivo oxidative stress responses of the freshwater basket clam Corbicula javanicus to microplastic fibres and particles.

Microplastics have been detected in several aquatic organisms, especially bivalves such as clams, oysters, and mussels. To understand the ecotoxicological implication of microplastic accumulation in biota, it is crucial to investigate effects at the physiological level to identify knowledge gaps regarding the threat posed to the environment and assist decision-makers to set the necessary priorities. Typically, xenobiotics elicit an overproduction of reactive oxygen species in organisms, resulting in oxidative stress and cellular damage when not combated by the antioxidative system.

Ageing affects microplastic toxicity over time: Effects of aged polycarbonate on germination, growth, and oxidative stress of Lepidium sativum.

Plastic has been an environmental pollutant far longer than claimed by the first reports surfacing in 1979, meaning some plastic materials have been decaying in nature for decades. Nevertheless, the threat posed to biota is not fully understood, especially from aged microplastic. The question considered in this study was whether the adverse effects of new plastic differ from those of old plastic material.

The Influence of New and Artificial Aged Microplastic and Leachates on the Germination of L.

With the increase in environmental monitoring and assessing, we are gaining insight into the extent of microplastic pollution in our environment. The threat posed by microplastics to biota could come, e.g.

Avoid Soil Spiked with Microplastic.

Microplastics (MPs) of varying sizes are widespread pollutants in our environment. The general opinion is that the smaller the size, the more dangerous the MPs are due to enhanced uptake possibilities. It would be of considerably ecological significance to understand the response of biota to microplastic contamination both physically and physiologically.

Imidacloprid modifies the mitotic kinetics and causes both aneugenic and clastogenic effects in the macrophyte L.

Imidacloprid (IMI) is a neonicotinoid insecticide widely used in agricultural activities all around the world. This compound is transported from croplands to surrounding freshwater ecosystems, producing adverse effects on non-target organisms. Because of the relevance of aquatic macrophytes in the above-mentioned environments and the lack of studies of potential effects of IMI on them, this work aimed to assess the mitotic process and potential genotoxicity in the aquatic macrophyte L.

Translocation of the cyanobacterial toxin microcystin-LR into guttation drops of Triticum aestivum and remaining toxicity.

Uptake of the commonly occurring cyanobacterial toxin microcystin-LR (MC-LR) into crop plants via spray irrigation has been demonstrated. As other hazardous compounds such as pesticides were shown to be transported within plants, it was essential to understand the transport and fate of MC-LR in plants and the risks posed to grazers and other consumers. Of specific interest was to investigate if MC-LR could be detected in guttation drops and the toxicity thereof.

Genetically Engineered Phage Induced Selective H9c2 Cardiomyocytes Patterning in PDMS Microgrooves.

A micro-patterned cell adhesive surface was prepared for future design of medical devices. One-dimensional polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) micro-patterns were prepared by a photolithography process. Afterwards, recombinant filamentous phages that displayed a short binding motif with a cell adhesive peptide (-RGD-) on p8 proteins were immobilized on PDMS microgrooves through simple contact printing to study the cellular response of rat H9c2 cardiomyocyte.

Collective Migration of Lens Epithelial Cell Induced by Differential Microscale Groove Patterns.

Herein, a micro-patterned cell adhesive surface is prepared for the future design of medical devices. One-dimensional polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) micro patterns were prepared by a photolithography process. We investigated the effect of microscale topographical patterned surfaces on decreasing the collective cell migration rate.

Precise Targeting of Liver Tumor Using Glycol Chitosan Nanoparticles: Mechanisms, Key Factors, and Their Implications.

Herein, we elucidated the mechanisms and key factors for the tumor-targeting ability of nanoparticles that presented high targeting efficiency for liver tumor. We used several different nanoparticles with sizes of 200-300 nm, including liposome nanoparticles (LNPs), polystyrene nanoparticles (PNPs) and glycol chitosan-5β-cholanic acid nanoparticles (CNPs). Their sizes are suitable for the enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effect in literature.

Predicting the in vivo accumulation of nanoparticles in tumor based on in vitro macrophage uptake and circulation in zebrafish.

Nanoparticles have resulted in great progress in biomedical imaging and targeted drug delivery in cancer theranostics. To develop nanoparticles as an effective carrier system for therapeutics, chemical structures and physicochemical properties of nanoparticle may provide a reliable means to predict the in vitro characteristics of nanoparticles. However, in vivo fates of nanoparticles, such as pharmacokinetics and tumor targeting efficiency of nanoparticles, have been difficult to predict beforehand.

Application of Multi-Species Microbial Bioassay to Assess the Effects of Engineered Nanoparticles in the Aquatic Environment: Potential of a Luminous Microbial Array for Toxicity Risk Assessment (LumiMARA) on Testing for Surface-Coated Silver Nanoparticles.

Four different manufactured surface-coated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with coating of citrate, tannic acid, polyethylene glycol, and branched polyethylenimine were used in this study. The toxicity of surface-coated AgNPs was evaluated by a luminous microbial array for toxicity risk assessment (LumiMARA) using multi-species of luminescent bacteria. The salt stability of four different AgNPs was measured by UV absorbance at 400 nm wavelength, and different surface-charged AgNPs in combination with bacteria were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Recombinant Phage Coated 1D Al2O3 Nanostructures for Controlling the Adhesion and Proliferation of Endothelial Cells.

A novel synthesis of a nanostructured cell adhesive surface is investigated for future stent developments. One-dimensional (1D) Al2O3 nanostructures were prepared by chemical vapor deposition of a single source precursor. Afterwards, recombinant filamentous bacteriophages which display a short binding motif with a cell adhesive peptide (RGD) on p3 and p8 proteins were immobilized on these 1D Al2O3 nanostructures by a simple dip-coating process to study the cellular response of human endothelial EA hy.

Genetically engineered bacteriophage delivers a tumor necrosis factor alpha antagonist coating on neural electrodes.

This paper reports a novel approach for the formation of anti-inflammatory surface coating on a neural electrode. The surface coating is realized using a recombinant f88 filamentous bacteriophage, which displays a short platinum binding motif and a tumor necrosis factor alpha antagonist (TNF-α antagonist) on p3 and p8 proteins, respectively. The recombinant bacteriophages are immobilized on the platinum surface by a simple dip coating process.