First Report of Anthracnose of Smoothlip Cymbidium (Cymbidium kanran) Caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in Korea.

Smoothlip cymbidium (Cymbidium kanran Makino) is one of the national endangered species in Korea and in situ and ex situ conservation measures have been implemented for its threatened habitat and population. Jeju Island in Korea is one of few places where wild populations of the plant remain. In 2012, leaf blotch and blight occurred on leaves of smoothlip cymbidium in Jeju Island throughout the growing season.

Morphological and genetic characteristics of newly crossbred cauliflower mushroom (Sparassis latifolia).

Cauliflower mushroom (Sparassis latifolia or S. crispa) is popular for food and medicine. Importance of new varieties of Sparassis was raised and studied widely by protection system of UPOV.

First Report of Leaf Spot Caused by Corynespora cassiicola on Rose of Sharon in Korea.

Rose of Sharon, Hibiscus syriacus L., is a flowering shrub in the family Malvaceae planted as the national flower of South Korea. In September 2012, previously unknown leaf spots with premature defoliation were observed on dozens of Rose of Sharon plants growing in the shaded area in a park of Dongducheon, Korea.

Phylogenetic relationships of Korean Sparassis latifolia based on morphological and ITS rDNA characteristics.

Recent studies based on morphological characteristics and molecular analyses have revealed that the characteristics of Sparassis crispa from Asia are not concordant with those of collections from Europe and North America. Consequently, the Asian isolate was redefined as Sparassis latifolia. This study is the first report of Sparassis latifolia collected in Korea.

Migrations and Multiplications of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and B. mucronatus in Pinus thumbergii in Relation to Their Pathogenicity.

To evaluate the mechanisms of pathogenicity and non-pathogenicity of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and B. mucronatus isolated in South Korea, we used 4-year-old P. thunbergii seedlings and 20-cm long one-year-old stem cuttings of 5-year-old Pinus thunbergii, and studied distributions and multiplications of pine wood nematodes after inoculation.

Multiple Ceratocystis smalleyi infections associated with reduced stem water transport in bitternut hickory.

Hundreds of cankers caused by Ceratocystis smalleyi are associated with hickory bark beetle-attacked bitternut hickory exhibiting rapid crown decline in the north-central and northeastern United States. Discolored sapwood colonized by the fungus commonly underlies the cankers. Field studies were conducted to test the hypothesis that C.

First Report of Laurel Oak as a Host for the Pecan Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne partityla, in Florida.

Roots of laurel oak (Quercus laurifolia Michx.), member of the family Fagaceae, were found to be heavily galled by the pecan root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne partityla, in two separate home gardens between 2010 and 2012, in Alachua Co., FL.

First Report of Meloidogyne enterolobii Infecting Euphorbia punicea in Florida.

Euphorbia punicea (Euphorbiaceae), commonly known as Jamaican poinsettia, is an evergreen shrub with dark green leaves and flashy red bracts. Bracts are sharply contrasted by rosettes of dark green leaves and can be observed in early summer, spring, fall, and winter. This shrub, native to Jamaica, is suitable in southern climates both in the landscape and as a seasonal patio container plant.

Fumigant antifungal activity of Myrtaceae essential oils and constituents from Leptospermum petersonii against three Aspergillus species.

Commercial plant essential oils obtained from 11 Myrtaceae plant species were tested for their fumigant antifungal activity against Aspergillus ochraceus, A. flavus, and A. niger.

Narrowing oF the critical hydration window for cryopreservation of Salix caprea seeds following ageing and a reduction in vigour.

We investigated the effects of desiccation, rehydration and cryopreservation on the viability of seeds of a wild mountain species and seven clones of Salix caprea L. Seeds responded differently to all treatments depending on clone, seed initial moisture content (MC) and seed vigour. Fresh seeds of two randomly selected clones tolerated desiccation to MC 8.

Microarray and suppression subtractive hybridization analyses of gene expression in hybrid poplar (Populus alba × Populus tremula var. glandulosa) cell suspension cultures after exposure to NaCl.

The gene expression profiles of hybrid poplar (Populus alba × Populus tremula var. glandulosa) cells in suspension culture after exposure to salinity (NaCl) induced stress were examined by constructing two suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) libraries. cDNA from non-treated cells was used as a driver and cDNA samples from cell suspension cultures exposed to 150 mM NaCl for 2 or 10 h were used as testers.

Insecticidal and acetylcholine esterase inhibition activity of Apiaceae plant essential oils and their constituents against adults of German cockroach (Blattella germanica).

We evaluated the insecticidal and acetylcholine esterase (AChE) inhibition activity of 11 Apiaceae plant essential oils and their constituents in adult male and female Blattella germanica. Of the 11 Apiaceae plant essential oils tested, dill (Anethum graveolens), carvi (Carum carvi), and cumin (Cuminum cyminum) demonstrated >90% fumigant toxicity against adult male German cockroaches at a concentration of 5 mg/filter paper. In a contact toxicity test, dill (Anethum graveolens), carvi (Carum carvi), cumin (Cuminum cyminum), and ajowan (Trachyspermum ammi) produced strong insecticidal activity against adult male and female German cockroaches.

First Report of Powdery Mildew Caused by Oidium hortensiae on Mophead Hydrangea in Korea.

Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser., known as mophead hydrangea, is native to Japan and is used as a potted ornamental or is planted for landscaping in gardens worldwide.

First Report of Brown Spot Needle Blight on Pinus thunbergii Caused by Lecanosticta acicola in Korea.

Pinus thunbergii Parl., known as black pine, is a pine native to coastal areas of Japan and Korea. Because of its resistance to pollution and salt, it is planted as windbreakers along the coast.

Larvicidal activity of ajowan ( Trachyspermum ammi ) and Peru balsam ( Myroxylon pereira ) oils and blends of their constituents against mosquito, Aedes aegypti , acute toxicity on water flea, Daphnia magna , and aqueous residue.

This study evaluated the larvicidal activity of 20 plant essential oils and components from ajowan ( Trachyspermum ammi ) and Peru balsam ( Myroxylon pereira ) oils against the mosquito, Aedes aegypti . Of the 20 plant essential oils, ajowan and Peru balsam oils at 0.1 mg/mL exhibited 100 and 97.

First Report of Corynespora Leaf Spot on Ailanthus altissima Caused by Corynespora cassiicola in Korea.

Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle, known as tree-of-heaven, is a deciduous tree belonging to the family Simaroubaceae, which is native to both northeast and central China and Taiwan. The trees often have the ability to replace indigenous plants and disrupt native ecosystems (3).

Protection of prenylated flavonoids from Mori Cortex Radicis (Moraceae) against nitric oxide-induced cell death in neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.

Seven prenylated flavanoids, licoflavone C (1), cyclomulberrin (2), neocyclomorusin (3), sanggenon I (4), morusin (5), kuwanon U (6) and kuwanon E (7), and three 2-arylbenzofurans, moracin P (8), moracin O (9), and mulberrofuran Q (10) were isolated from the MeOH extract of Mori Cortex Radicis. Among these, compounds 2-7 enhanced cell viability in a dose-dependent manner against sodium nitroprusside-induced cell death in neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, which was measured by MTT reduction assay (EC(50) values of 4.4, 5.

Attack pattern of Platypus koryoensis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Platypodinae) in relation to crown dieback of Mongolian oak in Korea.

The ambrosia beetle, Platypus koryoensis (Murayama), vectors the Korean oak wilt (KOW) pathogen, Raffaelea quercus-mongolicae K.H. Kim, Y.

First Report of Leaf Spot Caused by Ascochyta marginata on Aralia elata in Korea.

Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem., known as Japanese angelica tree, is a deciduous shrub belonging to the Araliaceae, which is native to East Asia.

Larvicidal activity of medicinal plant extracts and lignan identified in Phryma leptostachya var. asiatica roots against housefly (Musca domestica L.).

Medicinal plant extracts from 27 plant species in 20 families were tested for their larvicidal activity against housefly, Musca domestica (L.). Responses varied with plant material and concentration.

Insecticidal activity of isobutylamides derived from Piper nigrum against adult of two mosquito species, Culex pipiens pallens and Aedes aegypti.

The insecticidal activity of Piper nigrum fruit-derived piperidine alkaloid (piperine) and N-isobutylamide alkaloids (pellitorine, guineensine, pipercide and retrofractamide A) against female adults of Culex pipiens pallens and Aedes aegypti was examined. On the basis of 24-h LD(50) values, the compound most toxic to female C. pipiens pallens was pellitorine (0.

Inhibitory effect of 2-arylbenzofurans from the Mori Cortex Radicis (Moraceae) on oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced cell death of SH-SY5Y cells.

Three known 2-arylbenzofurans, moracin P (1), moracin O (2) and mulberrofuran Q (3) were isolated from the MeOH extract of the Mori Cortex Radicis. These compounds 1-3 enhanced cell viability in dose-dependent manner against oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced cell death in neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, which was measured by MTT reduction assay. (EC(50) values of 10.

Drought, salt and wounding stress induce the expression of the plasma membrane intrinsic protein 1 gene in poplar (Populus alba×P. tremula var. glandulosa).

Water uptake across cell membranes is a principal requirement for plant growth at both the cellular and whole-plant levels; water movement through plant membranes is regulated by aquaporins (AQPs) or major intrinsic proteins (MIPs). We examined the expression characteristics of the poplar plasma membrane intrinsic protein 1 gene (PatPIP1), a type of MIP, which was isolated from a suspension cell cDNA library of Populus alba×P. tremula var.

CAPS markers using mitochondrial consensus primers for molecular identification of Panax species and Korean ginseng cultivars (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer).

Cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) marker system using mitochondrial consensus primers was applied for molecular identification of Korean ginseng cultivars (Panax ginseng). Initially, a total of 34 primers were tested to six Korean ginseng cultivars and two foreign Panax species, P. quinquefolius and P.

Larvicidal activity of Myrtaceae essential oils and their components against Aedes aegypti, acute toxicity on Daphnia magna, and aqueous residue.

The larvicidal activity of 11 Myrtaceae essential oils and their constituents was evaluated against Aedes aegypti L. Of the 11, Melaleuca linariifolia Sm., Melaleuca dissitiflora F.