Cross-cultural validation of plasma p-tau217 and p-tau181 as precision biomarkers for amyloid PET positivity: An East Asian study in Taiwan and Korea.

Introduction: Plasma phosphorylated tau (p-tau) biomarkers have improved Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis, but data from diverse Asian populations are limited. This study evaluated plasma p-tau217 and p-tau181 levels in Korean and Taiwanese populations.

Methods: All participants (n = 270) underwent amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) and blood tests.

Eye Movement and Recall of Visual Elements in Eco-friendly Product.

This study aims to explore the distribution of visual attention on sustainability graphics when viewing an eco-friendly product and the recall of sustainability information afterward. Twenty-five students majoring in environmental studies and twenty-five students from non-environmental majors participated in the study. They were further divided into a higher group and a lower group based on their sustainability level.

Neuromodulatory effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on cue reactivity and craving in young adults with internet gaming disorder: an event-related potential study.

Objective: This study assessed the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on cue reactivity and craving for game-related cues using event-related potentials (ERPs) in internet gaming disorder (IGD) patients.

Methods: At baseline, a series of game-related and neutral pictures were shown to both IGD and healthy controls (HCs) while ERPs were recorded. Late positive potentials (LPP) were used to investigate cue reactivity.

Dioxazolones as electrophilic amide sources in copper-catalyzed and -mediated transformations.

Over the past decade, dioxazolones have been widely used as -acylamide sources in amidation processes of challenging substrates, typically employing precious transition metals. However, these catalytic systems often present several challenges associated with cost, toxicity, stability, and recyclability. Among the 3d transition metals, copper catalysts have been gaining increasing attention owing to their abundance, cost-effectiveness, and sustainability.

Monitoring of ant species surrounding the ports of South Korea.

The introduction and spread of invasive insects is accelerating worldwide owing to human activities, such as trade and transportation development; in particular, ports are hubs and routes for invasive insects, including ants. We surveyed ant populations in eight ports from 2021 to 2023 using pitfall traps. A total of 316,975 ants belonging to four subfamilies, 26 genera and 44 species were identified as , , and .

Game changing electoral reforms and party system change? An analysis of the 2020 national assembly election in South Korea.

The article analyses the 2020 National Assembly election in South Korea. It was the first legislative election held after President Park Geun-hye had been successfully impeached, and removed from office, in March 2017. The 2020 election was also the first election after important changes to the electoral law were made in 2019.

Risk of all-cause mortality by various cigarette smoking indices: A longitudinal study using the Korea National Health Examination Baseline Cohort in South Korea.

Introduction: Smoking behaviors can be quantified using various indices. Previous studies have shown that these indices measure and predict health risks differently. Additionally, the choice of measure differs depending on the health outcome of interest.

Upregulation of interferon-γ response genes in monocytes and T cells identified by single-cell transcriptomics in patients with anti-citrullinated peptide antibody-positive early rheumatoid arthritis.

Introduction: Our aim was to investigate the insufficiently understood differences in the immune system between anti-citrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA)-positive (ACPA) and ACPA-negative (ACPA) early rheumatoid arthritis (eRA) patients.

Methods: We performed multiple cytokine assays using sera from drug-naïve ACPA and ACPA eRA patients. Additionally, we conducted single-cell RNA sequencing of CD45 cells from peripheral blood samples to analyze and compare the distribution and functional characteristics of the cell subsets based on the ACPA status.

Global and Indian Scenarios of Fatal and Non-fatal Occupational Injuries: A Secondary Data Analysis.

Introduction: Fatal and non-fatal occupational injuries are one of the most important public health problems all over the world. Its number greatly varies from country to country over the years. Worldwide approximately 4% of global gross domestic product (GDP) is lost due to occupational injuries.

Efficient inferences for linear transformation models with doubly censored data.

Doubly-censored data, which consist of exact and case-1 interval-censored observations, often arise in medical studies, such as HIV/AIDS clinical trials. This article considers nonparametric maximum likelihood estimation (NPMLE) of semiparametric transformation models that encompass the proportional hazards and proportional odds models when data are subject to double censoring. The maximum likelihood estimator is obtained by directly maximizing a nonparametric likelihood concerning a regression parameter and a nuisance function parameter, which facilitates efficient and reliable computation.

Second-line treatment patterns and outcomes in advanced HCC after progression on atezolizumab/bevacizumab.

Background & Aims: Atezolizumab/bevacizumab (A/B) is now a standard first-line treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the optimal second-line regimen is not known. We evaluated real-world treatment patterns and outcomes to investigate factors associated with post-progression survival (PPS).

Methods: In this multicenter, international, retrospective study, we examined clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with advanced HCC who progressed on first-line A/B.

A preliminary study of linear accelerator-based spatially fractionated radiotherapy.

Purpose: This study aimed to provide quantitative information for implementing Lattice radiotherapy (LRT) using a medical linear accelerator equipped with the Millennium 120 multi-leaf collimator (MLC). The research systematically evaluated the impact of varying vertex diameters and separations on dose distribution, peak-to-valley dose ratio (PVDR), and normal tissue dose.

Methods: A cylindrical Virtual Water™ phantom was used to create LRT treatments using the Eclipse version 16.

Fluctuation-induced extensive molecular transport modulation of interaction strength.

In our previous work, we studied the thermodynamics of two cases of intercompartmental transport through a carbon nanotube: one involving water molecules and the other involving nonpolar molecules. Free energy calculations indicate that transporting water molecules from one compartment to another a narrow channel is impossible, whereas for nonpolar molecules, only approximately half can be transported. Therefore, the interaction strength between transported molecules significantly affects molecular transport.

Diagnosis, Classifications and Treatment of Os Odontoideum: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations.

Study Design: A systematic literature review and consensus using Delphi method.

Objective: The aim was to formulate consensus recommendations regarding the natural history, diagnosis, classification and optimal treatment of Os Odontoideum with global applicability.

Summary Of Background: Os odontoideum (OO) is a rare anomaly of the cranio-vertebral junction (CVJ).

Raman Spectroscopy in Cellular and Tissue Aging Research.

The establishment of various molecular, physiological, and genetic markers for cellular senescence and aging-associated conditions has progressed the aging study. To identify such markers, a combination of optical, proteomic-, and sequencing-based tools is primarily used, often accompanying extrinsic labels. Yet, the tools for clinical detection at the molecular, cellular, and tissue levels are still lacking which profoundly hinders advancements in the specific detection and timely prevention of aging-related diseases and pathologies.

Adult Scissor Bite Case Treatment With Moving Teeth Through Maxillary Sinus.

Objective: This case report demonstrates the orthodontic treatment to correct a severe scissor bite and occlusal disharmony in a 26-year-old female patient, including the use of temporary anchorage devices (TADs) and fixed orthodontic appliances.

Clinical Considerations: Severe scissor bite is associated with vertical problems, such as molar extrusion. For orthodontic treatment, interradicular TADs were used to intrude the extruded molars, control the inclination of molars, correct dental midline, and improve dental relationships.

Deep Learning-Based Precontrast CT Parcellation for MRI-Free Brain Amyloid PET Quantification.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a deep learning (DL) model for brain region parcellation using CT data from PET/CT scans to enable accurate amyloid quantification in 18F-FBB PET/CT without relying on high-resolution MRI.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective dataset of PET/CT and T1-weighted MRI pairs from 226 individuals (157 with mild cognitive impairment or dementia and 69 healthy controls) was used. The dataset was split into training/validation (60%) and test (40%) sets.

Efficacy of an Autologous Dermal Fibroblast Injection in Reducing the Retear Rate After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Interest in biological augmentation for improving bone-tendon interface (BTI) healing after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) is growing. Dermal fibroblasts, known for collagen synthesis similar to tenocytes, have shown effectiveness in BTI healing in chronic rotator cuff tear (RCT) models in rabbits. However, no human clinical trials have been conducted.

The Associations Between Sleep Duration and Various Metabolic Health Indices Among Adults in the United States: A Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) Using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2021 to 2023 Dataset.

Objective: This study explores the associations between various sleep durations and metabolic health indices, including systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), total cholesterol levels, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and waist circumference.

Methods: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2021 to 2023, were analyzed. MANOVA and Bonferroni-adjusted ANOVAs were conducted to examine the relationships between sleep duration (sleep deprivation (≤5 h), short sleep (5-7 h), recommended sleep (7-9 h), and long sleep (>9 h)) and metabolic health indices.

Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate Combined With an Appropriate Carrier Effectively Promotes Bone-Tendon Interface Healing in a Rabbit Model of Chronic Rotator Cuff Tear.

Background: The efficacy of bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) in promoting bone-tendon interface (BTI) healing without any carriers remains a subject of debate.

Purpose: To evaluate BMAC effects with different carriers on tendon regeneration in a rabbit model of chronic rotator cuff tear.

Study Design: Controlled laboratory study.

Cell-specific transcriptional signatures of vascular cells in Alzheimer's disease: perspectives, pathways, and therapeutic directions.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disease that is marked by profound neurovascular dysfunction and significant cell-specific alterations in the brain vasculature. Recent advances in high throughput single-cell transcriptomics technology have enabled the study of the human brain vasculature at an unprecedented depth. Additionally, the understudied niche of cerebrovascular cells, such as endothelial and mural cells, and their subtypes have been scrutinized for understanding cellular and transcriptional heterogeneity in AD.

hERGAT: predicting hERG blockers using graph attention mechanism through atom- and molecule-level interaction analyses.

The human ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) channel plays a critical role in the electrical activity of the heart, and its blockers can cause serious cardiotoxic effects. Thus, screening for hERG channel blockers is a crucial step in the drug development process. Many in silico models have been developed to predict hERG blockers, which can efficiently save time and resources.

Effect of meta-Topolin on morphological, physiochemical, and molecular dynamics during in vitro regeneration of Salix tetrasperma Roxb.

An efficient in vitro propagation protocol has been established for a valuable medicinal plant, Salix tetrasperma using mature nodal explants. The investigation aimed to observe the influence of various combinations and concentrations of cytokinins (mT, BA, and Kn) and auxins (NAA, IAA, and IBA) on regeneration potential using the Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. Among individual cytokinin treatments, 5.

Investigating orbital foreign device-associated malignancies: a scoping review.

Background: While prosthesis-associated malignancies have been acknowledged, awareness among surgeons and patients in the ophthalmologic field remains limited, despite the frequent occurrence of prosthesis-related surgeries. We aim to address this gap through a scoping review of malignancies following ophthalmologic surgeries involving various foreign device/prosthesis/implants.

Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a review using PubMed and Embase for studies on cancer and ophthalmic prostheses/implants.