The role of lean body mass in predicting mortality in hemodialysis patients across different age groups.

Lean body mass (LBM) serves as an indicator of muscle mass in body composition. Recently, studies have revealed increased mortality rates in dialysis patients with low LBM. However, studies analyzing the impact of age on LBM and mortality in dialysis patients remain limited.

Altered brain dynamics of facial emotion processing in schizophrenia: a combined EEG/fMRI study.

Facial stimuli are relevant social cues for humans and essential signals for adequate social interaction. Impairments in face processing are well-documented in schizophrenia and linked to symptomatology, yet the underlying neural dynamics remain unclear. Here, we investigated the processing and underlying neural temporal dynamics of task-irrelevant emotional face stimuli using combined EEG/fMRI in 14 individuals with schizophrenia and 14 matched healthy controls.

Early Intervention for Children With Developmental Disabilities and Their Families via Telehealth: Systematic Review.

Background: Early intervention during the first 3 years of life is crucial for children with developmental disabilities to optimize developmental outcomes. However, access to such services is often limited by geographical distance and resource constraints. Telehealth can be part of a solution for overcoming these barriers, enabling the delivery of early intervention services.

Research investigating patient and carer psychoeducation needs regarding post-stroke cognition: a scoping review.

Objectives: To search the literature systematically in order to map and identify gaps in research investigating patient and family member psychoeducation needs regarding post-stroke cognition.

Design: Scoping review conducted in line with Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) recommendations and PRISMA-ScR checklist.

Methods: MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, CINAHL and Scopus were searched on 25 August 2023 for peer-reviewed studies conducted in a high-income country, describing cognition-related psychoeducation needs in stroke survivors and/or family members aged ≥18 years (≥50% of the study population).

Internally Submerged, Tapered, Bone-level Dental Implants in the Anterior Esthetic Region.

Background: Aesthetics is a crucial consideration in the anterior region, alongside dental implant survival and marginal bone loss (MBL). Bone-level implants are advantageous in the esthetic zone as they create a natural emergence profile with the use of customized abutments. This study aimed to assess the esthetic outcomes of internally submerged, tapered, bone-level dental implants and to evaluate associated alveolar bone changes.

Comparison of Patient-Specific Plates and Pre-Bent Plates for Preserving Condylar Position in Mandible Reconstruction.

Objectives: To compare the efficacy of patient-specific 3-dimensional (3D)-printed plates (PSP) and pre-bent universal reconstruction plates (PBP) in preserving the 3D position of the mandibular condyle and total operation time during mandibular reconstruction with a fibula-free flap.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included 18 patients who underwent mandibular reconstruction using fibular free flaps. Both groups utilized virtual surgical planning (VSP) and 3D-printed surgical guides.

Anti-proteolytic regulation of KRAS by USP9X/NDRG3 in KRAS-driven cancer development.

Cancers with activating mutations of KRAS show a high prevalence but remain intractable, requiring innovative strategies to overcome the poor targetability of KRAS. Here, we report that KRAS expression is post-translationally up-regulated through deubiquitination when the scaffolding function of NDRG3 (N-Myc downstream-regulated gene 3) promotes specific interaction between KRAS and a deubiquitinating enzyme, USP9X. In KRAS-mutant cancer cells KRAS protein expression, downstream signaling, and cell growth are highly dependent on NDRG3.

Complex Scalp Reconstruction in Moyamoya Disease Using Distant Flap After Free Tissue Transfer Failure.

A preferred option among many surgeons for treating large defects in the head and neck area is reconstruction using autologous tissue, particularly free tissue transfer with microvascular anastomosis. However, some defects cannot be resolved with conventional microvascular techniques or algorithmic approaches. In this case study, a 55-year-old female, who previously underwent bypass surgery for Moyamoya disease, presented with a large scalp defect following surgical necrosis.

One-step bioprinting of endothelialized, self-supporting arterial and venous networks.

Advances in biofabrication have enabled the generation of freeform perfusable networks mimicking vasculature. However, key challenges remain in the effective endothelialization of these complex, vascular-like networks, including cell uniformity, seeding efficiency, and the ability to pattern multiple cell types. To overcome these challenges, we present an integrated fabrication and endothelialization strategy to directly generate branched, endothelial cell-lined networks using a diffusion-based, embedded 3D bioprinting process.

Development and Validation of a Machine Learning Method Using Vocal Biomarkers for Identifying Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: The two most commonly used methods to identify frailty are the frailty phenotype and the frailty index. However, both methods have limitations in clinical application. In addition, methods for measuring frailty have not yet been standardized.

Learning Curve of Microsurgical Anastomosis: Training for Resident Education.

Background: Acquiring microsurgical anastomosis skills requires considerable time and effort. Moreover, appropriate and systematic training for acquiring microsurgical anastomosis skills is lacking. Therefore, this study investigated the learning curve for acquiring microsurgical anastomosis techniques among orthopaedic surgery residents.

A Mixed Reality-Based Telesupervised Ultrasound Education Platform on 5G Network Compared to Direct Supervision: Prospective Randomized Pilot Trial.

Background: Ultrasound education is transitioning from in-person training to remote methods using mixed reality (MR) and 5G networks. Previous studies are mainly experimental, lacking randomized controlled trials in direct training scenarios.

Objective: This study aimed to compare an MR-based telesupervised ultrasound education platform on private 5G networks with traditional in-person training for novice doctors.

Periodontitis and the incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases: A nationwide population-based cohort study.

Introduction: Periodontitis and other oral health indicators are reportedly related to systemic inflammation. Our study aimed to investigate a possible association of oral health status (periodontitis and number of missing teeth) and oral hygiene behaviors (frequency of tooth brushing, dental visit, and dental scaling) with the risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) incidence.

Methods: Utilizing the Korean National Health Insurance Database, we conducted a nationwide, population-based cohort study involving participants from the 2003 national health screening program.

Retrospective comparison of cortical bone trajectory and pedicle screw in lumbar fusion for patients over 80, including sagittal balance: a single-center study.

Background: Comparative studies of posterior lumbar interbody fusion with cortical bone trajectory and pedicle screw in older patients, particularly in those aged ≥ 80 years, are rare. This study aimed to retrospectively analyze the clinical and surgical outcomes following posterior lumbar interbody fusion with pedicle screw fixation compared to cortical bone trajectory in patients aged ≥ 80 years with degenerative lumbar spine disease.

Methods: We included 68 patients aged ≥ 80 years who underwent degenerative lumbar spinal surgery at our spine center between January 2011 and December 2020.

Tear film lipid layer thickness and blink dynamics in patients with blepharospasm.

Background: This study investigates the effect of botulinum toxin A on lipid layer thickness (LLT) and blink dynamics in patients with benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) compared to dry eye disease (DED) patients.

Methods: We reviewed the medical records of patients with dry eye disease (DED) and BEB treated with botulinum toxin A (BoT A) injections. Data on demographics, lipid layer thickness (LLT), meiboscore, and blink dynamics measured using a LipiView II interferometer before and 2 months after BoT A were collected.

Comprehensive analysis of clinical, pathological, and molecular features in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia: frequent and mutations and higher mutation burden in myeloproliferative CMML compared to myelodysplastic CMML.

Various aspects of myeloproliferative chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (MP-CMML) and myelodysplastic CMML (MD-CMML) have been reported but inconsistencies remain. This study conducted a comprehensive retrospective analysis of clinical, pathological, and molecular data from a cohort of CMML. The results revealed a higher frequency of and mutations and a greater mutation burden in MP-CMML, characterized by more tier 1 or 2 variants and dominant mutations.

The Predictors of Dietary Supplement Use Among Women With Musculoskeletal Disease: A Population-Based Complex Sample Designed Study.

Supplement use is influenced by personal factors such as sex, knowledge, health status, and sociocultural factors. Korean women with musculoskeletal disease commonly use dietary supplements for purposes such as symptom relief. This study aimed to identify the differences in demographics, health status, and functional health literacy depending on the use of dietary supplements in Korean women with musculoskeletal disease.

Effects of blood pressure lowering in patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis before endovascular thrombectomy.

Background: The effects of blood pressure (BP) lowering in patients treated with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (IV tPA) before endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) are unclear.

Aims: This study aims to investigate whether intensive and conventional BP management affect outcomes differently, depending on IV tPA administration before EVT.

Methods: In this subgroup analysis of the Outcome in Patients Treated with Intra-Arterial Thrombectomy-Optimal Blood Pressure Control (OPTIMAL-BP; ClinicalTrials.

Synergistic Effect of HAD-B1 and Osimertinib Against Gefitinib Resistant HCC827 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells.

In this study, we investigated the synergistic effect of co-administration of osimertinib and HAD-B1 using gefitinib-resistant non-small cell lung cancer cells, HCC827-GR. HAD-B1 is composed of 4 natural drugs, Panax Notoginseng Radix, Panax ginseng C. A.

Disparities in Cancer Mortality Worldwide: A Novel Metric for Measuring Global Disparities and Prioritizing Cancer Control Efforts.

Purpose: Cancer incidence is rising worldwide and estimated to double by 2040. A systematic method of allocating resources and prioritizing cancer control efforts is needed. We aimed to develop and test a simple metric to quantify disparities in cancer mortality.

Multicentric Cross-Sectional Survey to Assess the Variation of Fractionation Strategies Used in the Management of Head and Neck Cancers in the Asian Region (INNOCENCE-ASIA).

Purpose: Head and neck cancers (HNCs) are in general treated with conventional fractionation regimen of 1.8-2 Gy per fraction. Altered fractionation (ALFT) strategies such as hypofractionation radiotherapy (HYPO-RT), accelerated fractionation radiotherapy (AFRT), and hyperfractionation radiotherapy (HFRT) have not been practiced uniformly across centers in different parts of the world.

Optimal Duration of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After Carotid Artery Stenting: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background: Carotid artery stenting (CAS) is an alternative treatment for patients with carotid artery stenosis who are not eligible for carotid endarterectomy. Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) after CAS aims to prevent ischemic stroke. However, its optimal duration remains unclear.