Nanoparticle superlattice with a C14 Frank-Kasper structure formed by highly monodisperse one-size gold nanoparticles in suspension.

Synthesizing nanoparticle superlattices (NPSLs) with different symmetries is of great interest due to their impact on the collective emergent properties and potential applications. While several parameters have been identified as determinants for forming different symmetries of NPSLs, the high core dispersity, softness, and ligand interpenetration were proposed to drive the formation of the C14 Frank-Kasper (C14) structure like MgZn-type. Here, we report that the C14 phase can be formed in highly monodisperse one-size spherical nanoparticles (NPs) by controlling the interplay among their softness and ligand grafting density.

Seasonal effect of PM exposure in patients with COPD: a multicentre panel study.

: Exposure to particulate matter <2.5 μm (PM) is linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but most studies lack individual PM measurements. Seasonal variation and their impact on clinical outcomes remain understudied.

The 2024 APLAR Consensus on the Management of Lupus Nephritis.

The APLAR has published a set of recommendations on the management of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in 2021. The current consensus paper supplements and updates specifically the treatment of lupus nephritis (LN) according to two rounds of Delphi exercise from members of the APLAR SLE special interest group, invited nephrologists, histopathologists, and lupus nephritis patients. For initial treatment of LN, we recommend a combination of glucocorticoids (GCs) with cyclophosphamide (CYC), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), or the calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) as first-line options.

Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase transforms carotid occlusion-mediated benign oligemia into large cerebral infarction.

It remains unclear why unilateral proximal carotid artery occlusion (UCAO) causes benign oligemia in mice, yet leads to various outcomes (asymptomatic-to-death) in humans. We hypothesized that inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) both transforms UCAO-mediated oligemia into full infarction and expands pre-existing infarction. Using 900 mice, we i) investigated stroke-related effects of UCAO with/without intraperitoneal administration of the NOS inhibitor (NOSi) N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 400 mg/kg); ii) examined the rescue effect of the NO-donor, molsidomine (200 mg/kg at 30 minutes); and iii) tested the impact of antiplatelet medications.

Targeted demethylation of cathepsin D via epigenome editing rescues pathology in Alzheimer's disease mouse model.

Cathepsin D (Ctsd) has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease (AD) due to its role in degrading intracellular amyloid beta (Aβ). Enhancing Ctsd activity could reduce Aβ42 accumulation and restore the Aβ42/40 ratio, offering a potential AD treatment strategy. This study explored Ctsd demethylation in AD mouse models using dCas9-Tet1-mediated epigenome editing.

Myeloid-specific deletion of autotaxin inhibits rheumatoid arthritis and osteoclastogenesis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by joint swelling, pain, and bone remodeling. We previously reported that autotaxin (ATX) deficiency disrupts lipid rafts in macrophages. Lipid raft disruption results in the dysregulation of RANK signaling, which is crucial for osteoclastogenesis and the pathogenesis of RA.

Gender-based violence among women and girls in conflict-affected areas of Northeast Amhara, Ethiopia.

Background: Gender-Based Violence (GBV) is one of the major problems that women and girls encountered during the conflict between the Ethiopian federal government and the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF). However, there is a gap in evidence regarding gender-based violence resulting from the ongoing conflict in these areas. Therefore, this study assessed the prevalence of GBV and its contributing factors in the conflict-affected northeastern Amhara region of Ethiopia.

Artificial intelligence application in endodontics: A narrative review.

Purpose: This review aimed to explore the scientific literature concerning the methodologies and applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of endodontics. The findings may equip dentists with the necessary technical knowledge to understand the opportunities presented by AI.

Materials And Methods: Articles published between 1992 and 2023 were retrieved through an electronic search of Medline via the PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases.

Analysis of root number and canal morphology of maxillary premolars using cone-beam computed tomography.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the number of roots and type of root canals in maxillary first and second premolars within a selected Korean population utilizing cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Additionally, it sought to investigate potential differences in these features according to sex and tooth type.

Materials And Methods: CBCT images of 585 maxillary first premolars and 578 maxillary second premolars from 303 patients were retrospectively reviewed.

Influence of orthodontic bracket block-out materials on superimposition errors when substituting scanned dental imaging data onto computed tomography images.

Purpose: The study was performed to examine the error associated with image superimposition when computed tomography (CT) images of the dental region are substituted with dental scan data, according to the block-out material used in dental impressions.

Materials And Methods: A typodont model was created by bonding orthodontic brackets to teeth on plaster dental stones using melted dental base-plate wax. In the experiment, 2 groups were compared: one using wax and the other using putty as the block-out material to prevent tearing of the impression material during the acquisition of dental impressions.

Hybrid Model with Wavelet Decomposition and EfficientNet for Accurate Skin Cancer Classification.

Faced with anomalies in medical images, Deep learning is facing major challenges in detecting, diagnosing, and classifying the various pathologies that can be treated via medical imaging. The main challenges encountered are mainly due to the imbalance and variability of the data, as well as its complexity. The detection and classification of skin diseases is one such challenge that researchers are trying to overcome, as these anomalies present great variability in terms of appearance, texture, color, and localization, which sometimes makes them difficult to identify accurately and quickly, particularly by doctors, or by the various Deep Learning techniques on offer.

Preliminary report: Protective effects of probiotics on cefovecin-induced gut dysbiosis in dogs.

The objective of this study was to evaluate whether supplementation with probiotics over a 2-week period stabilizes the gut microbiota in dogs following prolonged cefovecin treatment. A significant number of clinical veterinarians prescribe oral probiotics to dogs in conjunction with systemic antibiotics with the intention of protecting against gut dysbiosis. The effects of antibiotics and probiotics in dogs have not been extensively studied, however, and the optimal treatment for gut dysbiosis remains uncertain.

Survey on Treatment-Seeking Patterns in Patients With Allergic Rhinitis.

Background And Objectives: The medications preferred by patients for allergic rhinitis and their usage remain unclear. This study investigated treatment-seeking behaviors in patients with allergic rhinitis, including medical treatments, environmental controls, and surgical treatments.

Methods: In this study, a cross-sectional survey was conducted by internal medicine, pediatric, or otorhinolaryngology physicians at university hospitals from January 2022 to April 2022.

Human Nasal Turbinate-Derived Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent progenitor cells present in adult tissues that are recognized as promising candidates for cell therapy due to their ease of access, straightforward isolation, and capacity for bio-preservation with minimal loss of potency. However, the clinical application of MSCs faces significant challenges, such as donor site morbidity, underscoring the need for alternative sources. Recent studies have suggested that inferior turbinate tissues, which are commonly removed during turbinate surgery, may be a viable donor site for MSCs.

A Rare Presentation of IgG4-Related Sinusitis With Chronic Nasal Obstruction and Headache: A Case Report and Literature Review.

IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a systemic inflammatory condition characterized by tissue infiltration with IgG4-positive plasma cells and a tendency to form mass-like lesions in various organs. IgG4-related sinusitis, although a relatively rare manifestation of IgG4-RD, significantly impacts the paranasal sinuses. A 52-year-old man presented with persistent rhinorrhea, nasal obstruction, and headaches.

A Review of the Long-Term Efficacy of Submucosal Medpor Implantation for Empty Nose Syndrome: A Short Communication.

To evaluate the long-term effects of submucosal Medpor implants in patients with empty nose syndrome (ENS), using the Sinonasal Outcome Test (SNOT) score as a measure of clinical improvement. A comprehensive search of six databases was conducted up to October 2024. The analysis included studies that examined the impact of submucosal Medpor implants on refractory ENS symptoms, as assessed by various symptom-specific questionnaires.

Vidian Nerve Schwannoma Extending Into the Foramen Rotundum in a Female Patient: A Case Report.

Schwannomas are benign tumors that can develop in any part of a nerve containing Schwann cells. Skull base schwannomas are rare, representing approximately 4% of extracranial schwannomas. Among these, vidian nerve schwannomas are particularly uncommon, with only a few documented cases.

Polysomnographic Phenotype of Positional Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Background And Objectives: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent sleep disorder characterized by recurrent upper airway obstruction, leading to disrupted sleep and various health complications. Positional OSA (POSA) refers to patients whose OSA severity is significantly influenced by body position, especially when lying supine. This study aimed to evaluate the polysomnographic characteristics of POSA and non-positional OSA (non-POSA) and to assess their clinical implications.

Surgical Timing and Stenting in Neonatal Choanal Atresia.

Background And Objectives: Congenital choanal atresia is a rare condition that occurs in approximately 1 in 7,000 to 8,000 live births and involves the obstruction of the posterior nasal airway. It may present as either unilateral or bilateral, with bilateral cases being more severe due to the risk of immediate neonatal respiratory distress. Bilateral congenital choanal atresia (BCCA) necessitates prompt medical intervention to prevent cyanosis and significant breathing difficulties.

The Use of Sodium Chloride Powder Sachets May Not Increase the Risk of Microplastic Emissions in Nasal Irrigation Fluids: A Preliminary Study.

Background And Objectives: Microplastics, which originate from the breakdown of larger plastic fragments or are intentionally produced for industrial applications, pose significant human and ecological risks through inhalation, ingestion, and dermal contact. Our study examined the release of microplastics during the preparation of homemade saline solutions, specifically when tearing open powder packets and mixing the powder with water.

Methods: We used commercially available polypropylene nasal irrigation bottles from the Korean market and collected six samples of nasal irrigation fluids.

TBK1 inhibitor amlexanox exerts anti-cancer effects against endometrial cancer by regulating AKT/NF-κB signaling.

Endometrial cancer, a common gynecological malignancy, poses significant clinical challenges, particularly in advanced or recurrent cases. TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1), a serine/threonine kinase, plays crucial roles in inflammation and immunity by activating nuclear factor (NF)-κB and interferon regulatory factor 3. However, its specific roles in endometrial cancer remain unknown.

Advanced Lung-on-a-Chip Technology: Mimicking the Complex Human Lung Microenvironment.

Intricate crosstalk among various lung cell types is crucial for orchestrating diverse physiological processes. Traditional two-dimensional and recent three-dimensional (3D) assay platforms fail to precisely replicate these complex communications. Many lung models do not effectively reflect the multicellular complexity of lung tissue.

Erratum: Implication of serious infections in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis for the first cycle of rituximab: a pilot study in a single Korean center.

[This corrects the article on p. 45 in vol. 30, PMID: 37476530.

Erratum: Circulating leptin and its correlation with rheumatoid arthritis activity: a meta-analysis.

[This corrects the article on p. 116 in vol. 30, PMID: 37483475.