Volume and Permeability of White Matter Hyperintensity on Cognition: A DCE Imaging Study of an Older Cohort With and Without Cognitive Impairment.

Background: The impact of blood-brain barrier (BBB) leakage on white matter hyperintensity (WMH) subtypes (location) and its association with clinical factors and cognition remains unclear.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between WMH volume, permeability, clinical factors, and cognition in older individuals across the cognitive spectrum.

Study Type: Prospective, cross-sectional.

Blood-brain barrier breakdown is linked to tau pathology and neuronal injury in a differential manner according to amyloid deposition.

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown has been suggested as an early marker for Alzheimer's disease (AD); yet the relationship between BBB breakdown and AD-specific biomarkers based on the amyloid/tau/neurodegeneration framework is not clear. This study investigated the relationship between BBB permeability, AD-specific biomarkers, and cognition in patients with cognitive impairment. In this prospective study, we enrolled 62 participants with mild cognitive impairment or dementia between January 2019 and October 2020.

Sarcopenia in patients with dementia: correlation of temporalis muscle thickness with appendicular muscle mass.

Cognitive decline is one of the most relevant signs of sarcopenia; however, it is challenging to perform tests for sarcopenia in patients with dementia. In a recent study, temporalis muscle thickness (TMT), an alternative to appendicular muscle mass (ASM), was found to be a valid index for screening sarcopenia. This study aimed to determine whether TMT correlates with ASM and evaluate the relationship between TMT and cognitive function in dementia patients.

Associations of truncal body composition with cognitive status in patients with dementia.

Backgound: Central obesity in midlife is a risk factor of cognitive decline and dementia, and also one of the factors that make cognitive functions deteriorate rapidly.

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between truncal body composition (fat and muscle) and cognitive impairment in patients with dementia.

Methods: A total of 81 female over 60 years of age with probable Alzheimer's disease were recruited between November 2014 and September 2015.

Role of Muscle Profile in Alzheimer's Disease: A 3-Year Longitudinal Study.

Introduction: Many factors are known to affect the rate of cognitive decline; however, studies on clinical outcomes are rare. Muscle profile and their relationship to dementia trajectories have not been extensively investigated. We investigated factors that affect the rate of clinical decline and the usefulness of muscle profiles for predicting the clinical outcomes of patients with Alzheimer's dementia (AD).