39 results match your criteria: "Kombolcha Institute of Technology[Affiliation]"

Review on the impact behavior of natural fiber epoxy based composites.

Heliyon

October 2024

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Wollo University, Kombolcha Institute of Technology, Kombolcha, Ethiopia.

The growing demand for sustainable and environmentally friendly materials has spurred interest in natural fiber epoxy composites as a viable substitute for synthetic-based composites. Impact strength is a crucial mechanical property for structural applications and plays a key role in successfully utilizing natural fiber epoxy composites. This comprehensive review explores the impact strength characteristics of different natural fiber epoxy composites by examining the latest research and advancements in the field.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study focused on recovering oil from discarded lemon peel biomass and testing it as a gasoline substitute in engine blends at different volume ratios (10%, 20%, and 30%) using steam distillation for oil extraction.
  • - Using an endoscopic visualization approach, the research found that a 10% lemon peel oil blend offered higher thermal efficiency and lower emissions, while premixed combustion produced better combustion characteristics, leading to increased cylinder pressure.
  • - To enhance performance, a ceramic coating was applied to the piston using the micro-arc oxidation technique, which improved thermal efficiency by 3% and 4.69% for the 20% lemon peel oil blend compared to uncoated and pure gasoline engines, while also reducing hydrocarbon
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Dwindling water resources with inept field water management impends sustainable agricultural production in semi-arid areas of Ethiopia. Thus, the adaption and adoption of improved irrigation water running lines are indispensable and imperative to recuperate water productivity in areas where water resources are inadequate. The ground experiments were pointed to elucidate the weight of conventional, alternate, and fixed furrow irrigation systems under irrigation levels of 100 %, 70 %, and 40 % of crop evapotranspiration (ETc) on onion growth, yield, water productivity, and economic return in Alage, Central, Ethiopia.

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Many studies have shown that infectious diseases are responsible for the majority of deaths in children under five. Among these children, Acute Respiratory Infections is the most prevalent illness and cause of death worldwide. Acute respiratory infections continue to be the leading cause of death in developing countries, including Ethiopia.

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Drying of mushroom up to the optimal moisture content is an important preservation technique. This research contains data of the drying kinetics, moisture sorption isotherm, and evaluation of the important functional groups of fresh and dried oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) while drying in tray dryer using hot air-drying medium. Mushrooms contains macronutrients that used as supplementary foods and moisture that make it perishable with in short time.

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A review on biodiesel micromixers: Types of micromixers, configurations, and flow patterns.

Heliyon

August 2024

Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Kombolcha Institute of Technology, Wollo University, P.O. Box: 208, Kombolcha, Ethiopia.

The production of biodiesel conventionally relies on batch reactors for the transesterification of oil and alcohol. However, the inherent limitations of batch-wise biodiesel production, including biphasic oil and alcohol, the establishment of equilibrium during transesterification, and heightened manufacturing costs, underscore the need for intensifying biodiesel synthesis. The integration of microreactors and micromixers presents a promising avenue to achieve these objectives, driving significant interest in the development of continuous biodiesel synthesis within microreactor systems.

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This research aims to provide the groundwork for smartly categorizing hand movements for use with prosthetic hands. The hand motions are classified using surface electromyography (sEMG) data. In reaction to a predetermined sequence of fibre activation, every single one of our muscles contracts.

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Background And Aims: Food-borne illness is a public health concern in developing countries because of improper food handling and sanitation practices, irregular medical checkups, lack of clean water supplies, and inadequate education among food handlers. This study investigated the burden of bacterial food-borne illness, antibiotic resistance patterns, and associated factors among food handlers in prison and nonprison food establishment settings.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2022 to January 2023 among asymptomatic food handlers in Shewa Robit town.

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Although there may be a number of disadvantages, many patients prefer the traditional medication over surgical wart therapy since it may permanently remove the abscess from the body. The roots of the plant are one of the native plants used in Ethiopia for traditional wart treatment. Therefore, the main goal of the research was to examine the phytochemical characteristics, identify the chemical compounds, and assess the antimicrobial effectiveness of the previously described plant root extract against gram-positive and gram-negative pathogenic bacteria.

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Alternative Methods for Biodiesel Cetane Number Valuation: A Technical Note.

ACS Omega

February 2024

School of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering, Kombolcha Institute of Technology, Wollo University, P.O. Box 208, Kombolcha, Ethiopia.

Biodiesel is an environmentally beneficial and clean energy source that may replace fossil fuels, which are detrimental to the environment and cannot be replenished. Therefore, the physicochemical parameters of biodiesel must be determined in order to verify its quality. The cetane number is a crucial dimensionless fuel property that gauges the fuel ignition quality in power diesel engines.

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Poor management of fecal sludge (FSM) presents significant risks to public health and the environment. This study employed qualitative and quantitative data collection methods, along with the Shit Flow Diagram (SFD) data analyzing tool to investigate FSM patterns in Kombolcha town, Ethiopia. The findings indicate that 75.

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OH-Impregnated Household Bleach-Making Sediments for the Catalysis of Waste Cooking Oil Transesterification: Parameter Optimization.

ACS Omega

January 2024

School of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering, Kombolcha Institute of Technology, Wollo University, Wollo 208, Ethiopia.

Industrial and academic societies have been bothered with the generation and subsequent management of residues settled out from household bleach, due to its corrosive properties. Therefore, the aim of this research was to introduce a NaOH-impregnated calcium-based solid catalyst from the aforementioned sediments for waste cooking oil transesterification. To prepare the catalyst (RC-ITB), the wet impregnation technique was followed and successfully characterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence(XRF), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods.

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A review on recent biodiesel intensification process through cavitation and microwave reactors: Yield, energy, and economic analysis.

Heliyon

January 2024

Department of Chemical Engineering, Kombolcha Institute of Technology, Wollo University, P.O. Box: 208, Kombolcha, Ethiopia.

The use of biodiesel as a reliable and green energy source has grown over the past few years. Biodiesel is sustainable and biodegradable because it is only made from vegetable contents and waste cooking oil. Although biodiesel has many advantages over conventional fuels, there are still a lot of technological issues that need to be addressed during the production process.

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In this study, the drying of oyster mushrooms () in a tray dryer was optimized. The parameters used to optimize the drying process were drying temperature, airspeed, mass loading, and moisture content. Its drying kinetics were investigated at the optimum drying parameters.

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When the concentration of hexavalent chromium (Cr(vi)) in the environment is greater than a certain limit, it becomes a global concern. Thus, the aim of this study was to use banana peel as an adsorbent to remove heavy metals, specifically Cr(vi) ions from wastewater. Banana peel (BP) was activated in a furnace for 2 h (h) at 450 °C and 50% humidity.

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Land Use and Land Cover changes (LULC) are the driving forces to change the hydrological response of the watershed. In this study, the Quantum Geography Information System Interference Soil and Water Assessment Tool Plus (QSWAT-PLUS) model was applied to evaluate the effects of LULC on sediment load at the Upper Awash River Basin (UARB) which are causing sedimentation problems in Koka reservoir. The LULC data for 2005, 2010, and 2015 were obtained from historical satellite images using Earth Resources Observation and Science (ERDAS) 2014.

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One of the main problem related with liquid bleach production from calcium hypochlorite is the amount of precipitates generated and its consequent management. As a result, academic and industrial communities have been challenged with searching of a means for its valorization. Therefore, this research explores the application of the precipitate as a viable source of Ca-based heterogeneous catalyst development for the production of waste cooking oil methyl esters for the first-time.

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Synthesis and application of lanthanum-doped magnetic biochar composite adsorbent for removal of fluoride from water.

Environ Monit Assess

November 2023

Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, Wachemo University, Hossana, Ethiopia.

Fluoride levels greater than 1.5 mg/L in drinking water are a global environmental issue that can seriously harm the health of humans. One of the most effective techniques for defluoridating water is adsorption.

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Characterization of Bamboo Culm as Potential Fibre for Composite Development.

Materials (Basel)

July 2023

Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, CAIT, Jazan University, Prince Mohammed Street, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia.

This study aims to evaluate how age, harvesting seasons, and culm height affect the properties of various bamboo species. The properties of bamboo fibres for composite development in Ethiopia have not been investigated so far. In this study, the properties of and were scientifically investigated for bamboo culm structural applications and bamboo fibre composite development based on age and the harvesting season.

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Essential oils are highly aromatic plant oils utilized as a new insect control alternative to synthetic insecticides because of environmental concerns. As a result, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of essential oil extraction conditions on neem leaf and cotton seed, as well as to identify their chemical composition using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Moreover, both extracted oils were subjected to bioinsecticide formulation in individual as well as mixed forms, which were tested on mosquitoes and cockroaches using the conventional roach killer and a blank control as a comparison.

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Searching for good sources of value-added lipids that can be utilized for industrial and domestic applications is getting a fast-growing attention. Hence, the exploitation of underutilized fruit species for oil production is of particular care. But, rapid and accurate characterization of oil-bearing biomass before considering it as an alternative source is essential to know the properties of interest which significantly influence biomass conversion.

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Investigation on mechanical properties of flax fiber/expanded polystyrene waste composites.

Heliyon

March 2023

Faculty of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Bahir Dar Institute of Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.

The current research has come from the deep concern for the sustainability of the environment in terms of waste disposal and producing bio-based materials. In this way, the developed composite materials made from flax fiber reinforced with expanded polystyrene wastes are low-cost, lightweight, eco-friendly and will be reduced environmental pollution. In this paper, alkali-treated short flax fiber reinforced expanded polystyrene (FFEPS) composites were developed to characterize mechanical and water absorption properties.

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The objective of this study is to investigate and perform long-term forecasting of both streamflow and hydrological drought over Ethiopia. Observed streamflow and precipitation data are collected from 17 streamflow stations and 34 rainfall gauge stations to forecast future streamflow and hydrological drought from 2026 to 2099. Streamflow forecasting is performed using an artificial neural network (ANN) in conjunction with python software.

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A Review on the Role of Wollastonite Biomaterial in Bone Tissue Engineering.

Biomed Res Int

December 2022

Department of Chemical Engineering, Kombolcha Institute of Technology, Wollo University, P.O. Box: 208, Kombolcha, Ethiopia.

Millions of people around the world have bone-tissue defects. Autologous and allogeneic bone grafting are frequent therapeutic techniques; however, none has produced the best therapeutic results. This has inspired researchers to investigate novel bone-regeneration technologies.

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The objective of the study is to look at the activation of stem cell-related markers in lung adenocarcinoma. Utilizing an unsupervised machine learning approach centered on the mRNA expression of pluripotent stem cells as well as its subsequent developed progeny, the mRNA stemness index of further around 500 LUAD patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset was generated. In LUADs, mRNAsi had first been investigated using differential variations, survivability analyses, medical phases, and sexuality.

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